Grammar parses for passage 8.40.5
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ὁ μὲν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτίκα ὁ Κρεύγας ἀφίησιν, οἱ δὲ Ἀργεῖοι τὸν Δαμόξενον ἅτε τὰ συγκείμενα ὑπερβάντα καὶ ἀντὶ μιᾶς κεχρημένον πολλαῖς ἐς τὸν ἀντίπαλον ταῖς πληγαῖς ἐξελαύνουσι,
Μέν...δέ coordinates ἀφίησιν with ἐξελαύνουσι; ἅτε introduces accusative participles agreeing with Δαμόξενον, with πληγαῖς an instrumental dative and ἀντί + genitive expressing substitution.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀφίησιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Κρεύγας | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἀφίησιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ψυχὴν | det | high | |
| 5 | ψυχὴν | ψυχή | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀφίησιν | obj | high | |
| 6 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ἀφίησιν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Κρεύγας | det | high | |
| 8 | Κρεύγας | Κρεύγας | PROPN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀφίησιν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἀφίησιν | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | conj | medium | First member of the μέν...δέ coordination; finite verb is present historic. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀφίησιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἀργεῖοι | det | high | |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 13 | Ἀργεῖοι | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | nsubj | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Δαμόξενον | det | high | |
| 15 | Δαμόξενον | Δαμόξενος | PROPN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | obj | high | |
| 16 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ὑπερβάντα | mark | high | Introduces causal/descriptive participial construction. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 συγκείμενα | det | high | |
| 18 | συγκείμενα | σύγκειμαι | VERB | V-PMP-APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 ὑπερβάντα | obj | high | Substantivized participle, object of ὑπερβάντα. |
| 19 | ὑπερβάντα | ὑπερβαίνω | VERB | V-APA-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | advcl | high | Participial adjunct agreeing with Δαμόξενον. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 κεχρημένον | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R-----GS- | _ | 22 μιᾶς | case | high | |
| 22 | μιᾶς | εἷς | NUM | A----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 23 κεχρημένον | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀντί; elliptical πληγῆς. |
| 23 | κεχρημένον | χράομαι | VERB | V-RMP-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 ὑπερβάντα | conj | high | Second participial characterization of Δαμόξενον. |
| 24 | πολλαῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 πληγαῖς | amod | high | Agrees with πληγαῖς. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-----AS- | _ | 27 ἀντίπαλον | case | high | |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἀντίπαλον | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀντίπαλον | ἀντίπαλος | ADJ | A----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, goal/direction of ἐξελαύνουσι. |
| 28 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 πληγαῖς | det | high | |
| 29 | πληγαῖς | πληγή | NOUN | N----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 κεχρημένον | obl | medium | Dative of instrument with κεχρημένον, though the participial phrase is semantically integrated with the main action. |
| 30 | ἐξελαύνουσι | ἐξελαύνω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; present historic. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐξελαύνουσι | punct | high |
τῷ Κρεύγᾳ δὲ τὴν νίκην τεθνεῶτι ἔδοσαν καὶ ἐποιήσαντο εἰκόνα ἐν Ἄργει·
The dative τῷ Κρεύγᾳ and participle τεθνεῶτι form a dative absolute-like temporal/circumstantial phrase (‘after Kreugas had died’); τὴν νίκην is the object of ἔδοσαν, while εἰκόνα is the object of ἐποιήσαντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Κρεύγᾳ | det | high | |
| 2 | Κρεύγᾳ | Κρεύγας | PROPN | NE-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 τεθνεῶτι | obl | medium | Proper name; dative with the circumstantial participle, likely a dative absolute-like construction. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἔδοσαν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 νίκην | det | high | |
| 5 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N1A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔδοσαν | obj | high | |
| 6 | τεθνεῶτι | θνῄσκω | VERB | 誤 | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἔδοσαν | advcl | medium | Perfect active participle of θνῄσκω; its dative agrees with Κρεύγᾳ and is best read as a circumstantial/dative-absolute-like clause. |
| 7 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-3PAAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-3PAMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 ἔδοσαν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; middle voice is idiomatic in ‘made/erected for themselves’. |
| 10 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N1F-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ἄργει | case | high | |
| 12 | Ἄργει | Ἄργος | PROPN | NE-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔδοσαν | punct | high |
καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔκειτο ἐν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Λυκίου.
The syntax is difficult: ἔκειτο is likely impersonal/passive in the sense ‘it was situated/assigned’, with ἐς ἐμέ as a directional or relational complement; ἐν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Λυκίου appears textually irregular, since ἐν normally governs the dative and τοῦ Λυκίου agrees attributively with Ἀπόλλωνος in the genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἔκειτο | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 3 ἐμὲ | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 3 | ἐμὲ | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1msa | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 4 ἔκειτο | obl | medium | ἐς + accusative; semantic relation is somewhat unclear. |
| 4 | ἔκειτο | κεῖμαι | VERB | V3siImmi | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Middle/deponent form; likely impersonal or stative ‘lay/was situated’. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 7 Ἀπόλλωνος | case | high | Government is irregular with the following genitive article. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Nbsmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔκειτο | obl | medium | Genitive phrase following ἐν is morphosyntactically unexpected; possibly reflects textual or constructional irregularity. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Λυκίου | det | high | |
| 9 | Λυκίου | Λύκιος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀπόλλωνος | amod | medium | Likely the epithet Λύκιος, functioning attributively with Ἀπόλλωνος. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 ἔκειτο | punct | high |