Grammar parses for passage 8.43.2
Open translation for this passage
παῖδα δὲ αὐτὸν νύμφης τε εἶναι, θυγατρὸς τοῦ Λάδωνος, καὶ Ἑρμοῦ.
Infinitival copular clause: παῖδα ... εἶναι has accusative subject αὐτόν and predicate παῖδα; νύμφης ... θυγατρός and Ἑρμοῦ are coordinated genitive complements identifying parentage. The antecedent of αὐτόν is understood from context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate of εἶναι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 6 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive; antecedent is contextual. |
| 4 | νύμφης | νύμφη | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 θυγατρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive parentage complement, dependent on θυγατρός. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 νύμφης | cc | high | Coordinates the two parentage complements. |
| 6 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | vnpainf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitival predicate/root of the reported identification. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 8 | θυγατρὸς | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 εἶναι | obl | high | Genitive predicate/parentage complement with εἶναι, governing τοῦ Λάδωνος. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Λάδωνος | det | high | |
| 10 | Λάδωνος | Λάδων | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θυγατρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θυγατρός. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 Ἑρμοῦ | cc | high | Coordinates Ἑρμοῦ with νύμφης as a second parentage complement. |
| 13 | Ἑρμοῦ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θυγατρὸς | conj | high | Coordinated genitive parentage complement; understood as genitive of fatherhood. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶναι | punct | high |
σταλέντα δὲ ἐς ἀποικίαν καὶ ἄγοντα Ἀρκάδων τῶν ἐκ Παλλαντίου στρατιάν, παρὰ τῷ ποταμῷ πόλιν τῷ Θύβριδι οἰκίσαι.
Elliptical infinitival construction: σταλέντα and ἄγοντα agree with an understood masculine singular subject (traditionally Ascanius/Aeneas in context); οἰκίσαι is the governing infinitive. The second τῷ Θύβριδι is dative with the river name, likely naming the city after Tiber; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σταλέντα | στέλλω | VERB | V-APP-NAM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 19 οἰκίσαι | advcl | medium | Aorist passive participle, accusative masculine singular; agrees with an understood subject of the infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 σταλέντα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἀποικίαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 σταλέντα | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἄγοντα | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἄγοντα | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-NAM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 σταλέντα | conj | high | Coordinated participle, agreeing with the understood masculine singular subject. |
| 7 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 στρατιάν | nmod | high | Genitive of the people whose army is led. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Παλλαντίου | case | high | |
| 10 | Παλλαντίου | Παλλάντιον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀρκάδων | nmod | high | Place-name in the genitive after ἐκ. |
| 11 | στρατιάν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἄγοντα | obj | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἄγοντα | punct | high | |
| 13 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 ποταμῷ | case | high | With dative, expressing location beside/at the river. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ποταμῷ | det | high | |
| 15 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 οἰκίσαι | obl | high | Locative adjunct of οἰκίσαι. |
| 16 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 οἰκίσαι | obj | high | Object of οἰκίσαι. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 Θύβριδι | det | medium | Determiner for the dative proper name. |
| 18 | Θύβριδι | Θύβρις | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 οἰκίσαι | obl | low | Dative river name; likely associated with πόλιν/οἰκίσαι in a naming or locative construction. |
| 19 | οἰκίσαι | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active infinitive, governing the preceding participial construction. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 οἰκίσαι | punct | high |
καὶ Ῥωμαίων μέρος τῆς καθʼ ἡμᾶς πόλεως, ὃ ᾠκεῖτο ὑπὸ τοῦ Εὐάνδρου καὶ Ἀρκάδων τῶν συνακολουθησάντων, ὄνομα ἔσχε Παλλάντιον κατὰ μνήμην τῆς ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ.
The main predicate is ἔσχε with subject μέρος; Ῥωμαίων and τῆς ... πόλεως form the genitival specification of μέρος. The relative clause modifies μέρος and has ὃ as subject of the passive/imperfect ᾠκεῖτο; τῶν συνακολουθησάντων is a genitive attributive participle with Ἀρκάδων. The final genitive phrase specifies the commemorative referent of Παλλάντιον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἔσχε | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 μέρος | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 3 | μέρος | μέρος | NOUN | N-SN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 5 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 6 ἡμᾶς | case | high | Elided form of κατά. |
| 6 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 7 πόλεως | nmod | high | Object of κατά. |
| 7 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μέρος | nmod | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 μέρος | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠκεῖτο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun refers to μέρος. |
| 10 | ᾠκεῖτο | οἰκέω | VERB | V-3ISI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Pass | 20 ἔσχε | acl:relcl | high | Passive in sense 'was inhabited/settled'. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 13 Εὐάνδρου | case | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Εὐάνδρου | det | high | |
| 13 | Εὐάνδρου | Εὔανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠκεῖτο | obl:agent | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ἀρκάδων | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ᾠκεῖτο | obl:agent | high | Coordinated with Εὐάνδρου under ὑπό. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 συνακολουθησάντων | det | high | |
| 17 | συνακολουθησάντων | συνακολουθέω | VERB | V-GAAPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 Ἀρκάδων | acl | high | Attributive participle: 'who accompanied'; genitive agrees with Ἀρκάδων. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ᾠκεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἔσχε | obj | high | Accusative of respect/name: 'had the name'. |
| 20 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | V-3SIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | Παλλάντιον | Παλλάντιον | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ὄνομα | appos | high | Name in apposition to ὄνομα. |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 23 μνήμην | case | high | |
| 23 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἔσχε | obl | high | κατά with accusative expresses commemorative reference. |
| 24 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 Ἀρκαδίᾳ | det | high | |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 26 Ἀρκαδίᾳ | case | high | |
| 26 | Ἀρκαδίᾳ | Ἀρκαδία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 μνήμην | nmod | high | Genitive phrase τῆς ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ; ἐν-phrase modifies Ἀρκαδίᾳ's nominal referent. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔσχε | punct | high |
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον μετέπεσε τὸ ὄνομα ἐν ἀναιρέσει γραμμάτων τοῦ τε λ καὶ τοῦ ν.
The phrase ἐν ἀναιρέσει γραμμάτων describes the process by which the name changed; the coordinated letter names λ and ν are treated as genitive substantival expressions, with some uncertainty about the attachment of τε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | N-dat-sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μετέπεσε | obl | high | Dative of temporal circumstance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 μετέπεσε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 μετέπεσε | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘later’. |
| 4 | μετέπεσε | μεταπίπτω | VERB | V-aor-act-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-nom-acc-neut-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 6 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-nom-neut-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 μετέπεσε | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἀναιρέσει | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀναιρέσει | ἀναίρεσις | NOUN | N-dat-fem-sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μετέπεσε | obl | high | Prepositional phrase indicating the manner or process of change. |
| 9 | γραμμάτων | γράμμα | NOUN | N-gen-neut-pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἀναιρέσει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀναιρέσει: removal/alteration of letters. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-gen-neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 τε | det | high | Article substantivizing the following letter name. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 λ | cc | medium | Enclitic coordinating the two letter expressions; syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 12 | λ | λάμβδα | NOUN | N-gen-neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 γραμμάτων | conj | medium | Letter name, governed by the genitive construction; exact lexical treatment of the bare letter is uncertain. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 λ | cc | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-gen-neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ν | det | high | Article substantivizing the following letter name. |
| 15 | ν | νῦ | NOUN | N-gen-neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 λ | conj | medium | Letter name, coordinated with λ; exact lexical treatment of the bare letter is uncertain. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 μετέπεσε | punct | high |
τούτων μὲν τῶν λελεγμένων ἕνεκα Παλλαντιεῦσιν ἐκ βασιλέως ἐγένοντο δωρεαί.
Genitive τούτων τῶν λελεγμένων is governed by ἕνεκα (‘on account of these things having been said’); Παλλαντιεῦσιν is the dative recipient/beneficiary, while δωρεαί is the nominative subject of ἐγένοντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | RD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 λελεγμένων | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 力 | _ | 9 ἐγένοντο | advmod | high | Correlative particle; no direct syntactic counterpart in this sentence. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 λελεγμένων | det | high | |
| 4 | λελεγμένων | λέγω | VERB | XPPGPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 τούτων | acl | high | Perfect passive participle, substantivized with the article. |
| 5 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | P | Case=Gen | 1 τούτων | case | high | Postposition governing the preceding genitive phrase. |
| 6 | Παλλαντιεῦσιν | Παλλαντιεύς | PROPN | NE-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐγένοντο | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary; ethnonym. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | Case=Gen | 8 βασιλέως | case | high | |
| 8 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | Source/origin complement of ἐγένοντο. |
| 9 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3PAM | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle indicative, agreeing with δωρεαί. |
| 10 | δωρεαί | δωρεά | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |