Grammar parses for passage 8.43.4
Open translation for this passage
Λυκίων δὲ καὶ Καρῶν τὰς πόλεις Κῶν τε καὶ Ῥόδον ἀνέτρεψε μὲν βίαιος ἐς αὐτὰς κατασκήψας σεισμός· βασιλεὺς δὲ Ἀντωνῖνος καὶ ταύτας ἀνεσώσατο δαπανημάτων τε ὑπερβολῇ καὶ ἐς τὸν ἀνοικισμὸν προθυμίᾳ.
The earthquake is the agent of ἀνέτρεψε, with βίαιος agreeing predicatively; ἀνεσώσατο is middle ('restored/saved for himself/them'), and the final datives express means and disposition toward rebuilding. The attachment of ἐς αὐτάς is interpreted with κατασκήψας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λυκίων | Λύκιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic modifier of πόλεις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-S--- | _ | 11 ἀνέτρεψε | cc | high | Continuative/contrastive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Καρῶν | cc | high | Coordinates Καρῶν with Λυκίων. |
| 4 | Καρῶν | Καρ | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic modifier coordinated with Λυκίων. |
| 5 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | S-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 6 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνέτρεψε | obj | high | Object of ἀνέτρεψε. |
| 7 | Κῶν | Κῶς | PROPN | N-GF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεις | nmod | medium | Genitive place-name dependent on πόλεις; plural semantic reference is possible in appositional/toponymic usage. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 Κῶν | cc | high | Coordinates Κῶν with Ῥόδον. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Ῥόδον | cc | high | Coordinates Ῥόδον with Κῶν. |
| 10 | Ῥόδον | Ῥόδος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεις | appos | medium | Toponymic apposition/coordination with Κῶν under πόλεις; surface case is accusative. |
| 11 | ἀνέτρεψε | ἀνατρέπω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἀνέτρεψε | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 13 | βίαιος | βίαιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 σεισμός | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with σεισμός; adverbial force ('violently') is possible. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 αὐτὰς | case | high | |
| 15 | αὐτὰς | αὐτός | PRON | P-APF-3P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 κατασκήψας | obl | high | Destination/target of κατασκήψας. |
| 16 | κατασκήψας | κατασκήπτω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 σεισμός | acl | high | Participial modifier of σεισμός. |
| 17 | σεισμός | σεισμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀνέτρεψε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέτρεψε. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀνέτρεψε | punct | high | |
| 19 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνεσώσατο. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-S--- | _ | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | cc | high | Contrastive connective. |
| 21 | Ἀντωνῖνος | Ἀντωνῖνος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 βασιλεὺς | appos | high | Apposition to βασιλεύς. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ταύτας | cc | high | Coordinates ταύτας with the preceding object. |
| 23 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | D-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | obj | high | Object of ἀνεσώσατο, referring to the cities. |
| 24 | ἀνεσώσατο | ἀνασώζω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause root. |
| 25 | δαπανημάτων | δαπάνημα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ὑπερβολῇ | nmod | high | Genitive of means/content with ὑπερβολῇ. |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 δαπανημάτων | cc | high | Pairs the two means phrases. |
| 27 | ὑπερβολῇ | ὑπερβολή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | obl | high | Dative of means ('by lavish expenditure'). |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 προθυμίᾳ | cc | high | Coordinates the second dative phrase. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 ἀνοικισμὸν | case | high | |
| 30 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἀνοικισμὸν | det | high | |
| 31 | ἀνοικισμὸν | ἀνοικισμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 προθυμίᾳ | obl | high | Object of ἐς, in phrase expressing purpose/orientation toward rebuilding. |
| 32 | προθυμίᾳ | προθυμία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | obl | high | Dative of means/manner ('with eagerness'). |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀνεσώσατο | punct | high |
χρημάτων δὲ ἐπιδόσεις ὁπόσας καὶ Ἕλλησι καὶ τοῦ βαρβαρικοῦ τοῖς δεηθεῖσι, καὶ ἔργων κατασκευὰς ἔν τε τῇ Ἑλλάδι καὶ περὶ Ἰωνίαν καὶ περὶ Καρχηδόνα τε καὶ ἐν γῇ τῇ Σύρων, τάδε μὲν ἄλλοι ἔγραψαν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον·
The first coordinated accusative phrase (ἐπιδόσεις ... καὶ κατασκευάς) is resumed by τάδε and is the object of an implied/elliptical verb of writing or recounting; ὁπόσας and δεηθεῖσι are dependent within the donation phrase. The geographical complements coordinate under κατασκευάς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπιδόσεις | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ἔγραψαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπιδόσεις | ἐπίδοσις | NOUN | N-----APF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 36 ἔγραψαν | conj | medium | Likely nominative subject/topic of an ellipted preceding verb, coordinated with κατασκευάς; accusative is also possible by attraction to τάδε. |
| 4 | ὁπόσας | ὁπόσος | ADJ | A-----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπιδόσεις | amod | medium | Accusative form agrees semantically with ἐπιδόσεις but shows case mismatch if ἐπιδόσεις is nominative; possibly attracted to an understood accusative. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ὁπόσας | cc | high | |
| 6 | Ἕλλησι | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπιδόσεις | iobj | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 τοῖς | cc | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βαρβαρικοῦ | det | high | Article substantivizing or accompanying βαρβαρικοῦ. |
| 9 | βαρβαρικοῦ | βαρβαρικός | ADJ | A-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τοῖς | nmod | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘of the barbarian [world]’; genitive partitive/collective. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 δεηθεῖσι | det | high | |
| 11 | δεηθεῖσι | δέομαι | VERB | V-APP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 ἐπιδόσεις | acl | medium | Aorist passive participle, ‘those who had need/requested’; datival recipient/group, with τοῖς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπιδόσεις | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 κατασκευὰς | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | N-----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 κατασκευὰς | nmod | high | |
| 15 | κατασκευὰς | κατασκευή | NOUN | N-----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 36 ἔγραψαν | obj | medium | Coordinated with ἐπιδόσεις; accusative object of an understood verb, with τάδε as resumptive. |
| 16 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ἑλλάδι | case | high | |
| 17 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἔν | cc | high | Correlative τε ... καί. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἑλλάδι | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἑλλάδι | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κατασκευὰς | obl | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 περὶ | cc | high | |
| 21 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 Ἰωνίαν | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἰωνίαν | Ἰωνία | PROPN | N-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κατασκευὰς | obl | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 περὶ | cc | high | |
| 24 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 Καρχηδόνα | case | high | |
| 25 | Καρχηδόνα | Καρχηδών | PROPN | N-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κατασκευὰς | obl | high | |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 Καρχηδόνα | cc | high | Correlative τε ... καί. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 ἐν | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 γῇ | case | high | |
| 29 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κατασκευὰς | obl | high | |
| 30 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 γῇ | det | high | |
| 31 | Σύρων | Σύρος | PROPN | N-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 γῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on γῇ: ‘the land of the Syrians.’ |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 κατασκευὰς | punct | high | |
| 33 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | P---NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 36 ἔγραψαν | nsubj | medium | Resumptive demonstrative, ‘these matters’; syntactic relation reflects the surface nominative. |
| 34 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Q-------- | _ | 36 ἔγραψαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle, setting up contrast with the omitted or following μέν/δέ counterpart. |
| 35 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | PRON | P---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 36 ἔγραψαν | nsubj | high | Nominalized adjective/pronoun. |
| 36 | ἔγραψαν | γράφω | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 37 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 39 ἀκριβέστατον | case | high | |
| 38 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 ἀκριβέστατον | det | high | |
| 39 | ἀκριβέστατον | ἀκριβής | ADJ | A-----ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 ἔγραψαν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter superlative, ‘to the greatest exactness’. |
| 40 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἔγραψαν | punct | high |