Grammar parses for passage 8.43.5
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ὑπελίπετο οὗτος καὶ ἄλλο τοιόνδε ἐς μνήμην.
The subject is ὁ βασιλεύς; ὑπελίπετο is a middle aorist verb, with οὗτος and ἄλλο τοιόνδε coordinated objects understood as things left for remembrance. The demonstrative οὗτος is unusual in postposed position and is annotated as agreeing with an implicit masculine referent; τοιόνδε modifies ἄλλο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 βασιλεὺς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ὑπελίπετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὑπελίπετο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ὑπελίπετο | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle, 'left behind/left over'. |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ὑπελίπετο | obj | low | Form is nominative masculine; likely a postposed demonstrative with an understood masculine referent, though an anomalous object analysis is possible. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλο | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 4 ὑπελίπετο | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter accusative, coordinated with the preceding demonstrative phrase. |
| 8 | τοιόνδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἄλλο | amod | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 μνήμην | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 10 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ὑπελίπετο | obl | high | Prepositional phrase expressing purpose/reference, 'for remembrance'. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ὑπελίπετο | punct | high |
ὅσοις τῶν ὑπηκόων πολίταις ὑπῆρχεν εἶναι Ῥωμαίων, οἱ δὲ παῖδες ἐτέλουν σφίσιν ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικόν, τούτοις ἐλείπετο ἢ κατανεῖμαι τὰ χρήματα ἐς οὐ προσήκοντας ἢ ἐπαυξῆσαι τὸν βασιλέως πλοῦτον κατὰ νόμον δή τινα·
The opening relative clause is construed with ὅσοις ... πολίταις as a dative possessor/subject of ὑπῆρχεν εἶναι Ῥωμαίων; οἱ ... παῖδες is the subject of ἐτέλουν, with σφίσιν referring to the same persons. τούτοις is a resumptive dative, and ἐλείπετο governs the two coordinated infinitival alternatives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσοις | ὅσος | PRON | A-——DP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 4 πολίταις | det | medium | Relative quantifying determiner agreeing with πολίταις. |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA——GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ὑπηκόων | det | high | |
| 3 | ὑπηκόων | ὑπήκοος | ADJ | A-——GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πολίταις | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: subjects. |
| 4 | πολίταις | πολίτης | NOUN | N——DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὑπῆρχεν | nsubj | medium | Dative subject/possessor with ὑπῆρχεν εἶναι. |
| 5 | ὑπῆρχεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | V3I—IA— | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ἐλείπετο | advcl | medium | Relative-clause predicate; existential/possessive construction. |
| 6 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V—PAN— | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ὑπῆρχεν | xcomp | high | |
| 7 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A—GPM— | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Genitive predicate with εἶναι. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ὑπῆρχεν | punct | high | |
| 9 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA—NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 παῖδες | det | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C— | _ | 19 ἐλείπετο | cc | high | |
| 11 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N—NPM— | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐτέλουν | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ἐτέλουν | τελέω | VERB | V3I—IA— | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ἐλείπετο | conj | high | Coordinated with the preceding relative-clause predicate in the broader construction. |
| 13 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P—D—3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐτέλουν | iobj | medium | Reflexive/oblique pronoun, likely beneficiary or possessive dative. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R— | _ | 16 Ἑλληνικόν | case | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA—NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἑλληνικόν | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἑλληνικόν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A—ASN— | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐτέλουν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, destination/affiliation. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐτέλουν | punct | high | |
| 18 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | PD—DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 19 ἐλείπετο | iobj | high | Resumptive dative referring to the persons described in the relative clause. |
| 19 | ἐλείπετο | λείπω | VERB | V3I—IM— | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/passive-like construction: it remained for them. |
| 20 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C— | _ | 21 κατανεῖμαι | cc | high | |
| 21 | κατανεῖμαι | κατανέμω | VERB | V—AAN— | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐλείπετο | xcomp | high | First alternative infinitive governed by ἐλείπετο. |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA—APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 χρήματα | det | high | |
| 23 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N—APN— | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 κατανεῖμαι | obj | high | |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R— | _ | 26 προσήκοντας | case | high | |
| 25 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D— | _ | 26 προσήκοντας | advmod | high | Negates προσήκοντας. |
| 26 | προσήκοντας | προσήκω | VERB | V—PAPAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 κατανεῖμαι | obl | low | Accusative masculine plural participle; the understood noun is omitted, and ἐς may mark persons deemed appropriate. |
| 27 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C— | _ | 28 ἐπαυξῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἐπαυξῆσαι | ἐπαυξάνω | VERB | V—AAN— | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐλείπετο | conj | high | Second coordinated alternative infinitive. |
| 29 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA—ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 31 πλοῦτον | det | high | |
| 30 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N—GSM— | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 πλοῦτον | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive: the king's wealth. |
| 31 | πλοῦτον | πλοῦτος | NOUN | N—ASM— | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἐπαυξῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 32 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R— | _ | 33 νόμον | case | high | |
| 33 | νόμον | νόμος | NOUN | N—ASM— | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἐπαυξῆσαι | obl | high | |
| 34 | δή | δή | PART | D— | _ | 35 τινα | advmod | medium | Emphatic/discourse particle within the indefinite phrase. |
| 35 | τινα | τις | PRON | PX—ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 33 νόμον | det | high | Indefinite determiner modifying νόμον. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐλείπετο | punct | high |
Ἀντωνῖνος δὲ ἐφῆκε καὶ τούτοις διδόναι σφᾶς παισὶ τὸν κλῆρον, ὁ προτιμήσας φανῆναι φιλάνθρωπος ἢ ὠφέλιμον ἐς χρήματα φυλάξαι νόμον.
The sentence has an infinitival complement διδόναι after ἐφῆκε; the following ὁ προτιμήσας phrase is explanatory of Antoninus, contrasting appearing φιλάνθρωπος with preserving a financially advantageous νόμος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντωνῖνος | Ἀντωνῖνος | PROPN | Ne-S---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐφῆκε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 3 ἐφῆκε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφῆκε | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-AIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 διδόναι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival complement with the preceding understood action. |
| 5 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | Pd----DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 διδόναι | obl | high | Dative of recipient/association: to these men. |
| 6 | διδόναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐφῆκε | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐφῆκε. |
| 7 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp----AccPl | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 6 διδόναι | obj | high | Accusative object of διδόναι; the grant is to give them to the children. |
| 8 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | Nb----DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 διδόναι | iobj | high | Dative recipient of διδόναι. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κλῆρον | det | high | |
| 10 | κλῆρον | κλῆρος | NOUN | Nb----AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 διδόναι | obj | high | Accusative object of διδόναι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 προτιμήσας | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 προτιμήσας | det | medium | Article introducing an explanatory/relative-like participial phrase referring to Antoninus. |
| 13 | προτιμήσας | προτιμάω | VERB | V-AAP-Nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἐφῆκε | advcl | medium | Substantival/explanatory nominative participle, with ὁ forming an article-participle phrase. |
| 14 | φανῆναι | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-2AN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 13 προτιμήσας | xcomp | high | Complement of προτιμήσας. |
| 15 | φιλάνθρωπος | φιλάνθρωπος | ADJ | A--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φανῆναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with φανῆναι. |
| 16 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 φυλάξαι | cc | high | Coordinates the alternative infinitive phrase. |
| 17 | ὠφέλιμον | ὠφέλιμος | ADJ | A--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 φυλάξαι | obj | medium | Accusative adjective substantivized or agreeing with an understood νόμον/benefit in the alternative infinitival construction. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 χρήματα | case | high | |
| 19 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | Nb----AccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 φυλάξαι | obl | high | Accusative of reference/purpose with ἐς. |
| 20 | φυλάξαι | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 προτιμήσας | conj | high | Alternative infinitive coordinated with φανῆναι. |
| 21 | νόμον | νόμος | NOUN | Nb----AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 φυλάξαι | obj | high | Accusative object of φυλάξαι. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐφῆκε | punct | high |
τοῦτον Εὐσεβῆ τὸν βασιλέα ἐκάλεσαν οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι, διότι τῇ ἐς τὸ θεῖον τιμῇ μάλιστα ἐφαίνετο χρώμενος·
Accusative τοῦτον ... τὸν βασιλέα is the object-complement construction with ἐκάλεσαν; ἐφαίνετο χρώμενος is a periphrastic-looking finite verb plus circumstantial participle, with τῇ ... τιμῇ as the dative governed by χράομαι and ἐς τὸ θεῖον modifying τιμῇ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | RD----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | obj | high | |
| 2 | Εὐσεβῆ | εὐσεβής | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative name/title. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλέα | det | high | |
| 4 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | xcomp | high | Appositional/predicate accusative with τοῦτον; coordinated conceptually with Εὐσεβῆ. |
| 5 | ἐκάλεσαν | καλέω | VERB | V--IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ῥωμαῖοι | det | high | |
| 7 | Ῥωμαῖοι | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | punct | high | |
| 9 | διότι | διότι | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 16 ἐφαίνετο | mark | high | Causal subordinator. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 τιμῇ | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 θεῖον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 θεῖον | det | high | |
| 13 | θεῖον | θεῖος | ADJ | A--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 τιμῇ | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, object of ἐς. |
| 14 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 χρώμενος | obl | high | Dative of respect/object with χράομαι. |
| 15 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 χρώμενος | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνομαι | VERB | V--IMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | conj | high | Finite verb governing the causal clause; subject is understood from context. |
| 17 | χρώμενος | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 16 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | medium | Circumstantial/predicative participle; nominative masculine singular, with understood subject. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκάλεσαν | punct | high |