Grammar parses for passage 8.44.4
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ Εὐρώτα τὸ ὕδωρ ἀνακεράννυταί τε πρὸς τὸν Ἀλφειὸν καὶ ὅσον ἐπὶ εἴκοσι σταδίους κοινῷ προΐασι τῷ ῥεύματι· κατελθόντες δὲ ἐς χάσμα ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν ἄνεισιν αὖθις ἐν τῇ γῇ τῇ Λακεδαιμονίων ὁ Εὐρώτας, ὁ δὲ Ἀλφειὸς ἐν Πηγαῖς τῆς Μεγαλοπολίτιδος.
The sentence coordinates the mixing and subsequent re-emergence of the Eurotas and Alpheios; προΐασι is parsed as a present plural verb with the two rivers as coordinated subject, while κατελθόντες is a plural circumstantial participle referring to them.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Εὐρώτα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 ἀνακεράννυταί | cc | high | |
| 3 | Εὐρώτα | Εὐρώτας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὕδωρ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὕδωρ. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 5 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνακεράννυταί | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἀνακεράννυταί | ἀνακεράννυμι | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present passive; subject is τὸ ὕδωρ. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 προΐασι | cc | high | |
| 8 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 10 Ἀλφειὸν | case | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀλφειὸν | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀλφειὸν | Ἀλφειός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνακεράννυταί | obl | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 προΐασι | cc | high | |
| 12 | ὅσον | ὅσος | PRON | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 σταδίους | det | medium | Extent expression, ‘as much as’. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 15 σταδίους | case | high | |
| 14 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | A-NUI | Number=Plur | 15 σταδίους | nummod | high | |
| 15 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 προΐασι | obl | high | Measure of extent. |
| 16 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ῥεύματι | amod | medium | Agrees with ῥεύματι; ‘common/shared’. |
| 17 | προΐασι | πρόειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἀνακεράννυταί | conj | medium | Alternative lexical analysis may treat this as προάγω; plural subject is the rivers. |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ῥεύματι | det | high | |
| 19 | ῥεύματι | ῥεῦμα | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 προΐασι | obl | high | Dative of manner or accompanying medium. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἀνακεράννυταί | punct | high | |
| 21 | κατελθόντες | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-APA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 ἄνεισιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject shared with the rivers. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 28 ἄνεισιν | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 24 χάσμα | case | high | |
| 24 | χάσμα | χάσμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 κατελθόντες | obl | high | |
| 25 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἄνεισιν | det | high | Article substantivally marks the first coordinated subject. |
| 26 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-PART | _ | 28 ἄνεισιν | discourse | high | |
| 27 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ὁ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive: one of them. |
| 28 | ἄνεισιν | ἄνειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; subject is substantivized ὁ ... αὐτῶν. |
| 29 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 28 ἄνεισιν | advmod | high | |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 32 γῇ | case | high | |
| 31 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 γῇ | det | high | |
| 32 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἄνεισιν | obl | high | |
| 33 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 34 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 γῇ | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective substantivized in the genitive. |
| 35 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 Εὐρώτας | det | high | |
| 36 | Εὐρώτας | Εὐρώτας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἄνεισιν | appos | high | Identifies the first member of the μὲν ... δέ pair. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 28 ἄνεισιν | punct | high | |
| 38 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 Ἀλφειὸς | det | high | |
| 39 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 40 Ἀλφειὸς | cc | high | |
| 40 | Ἀλφειὸς | Ἀλφειός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἄνεισιν | conj | high | Second member of the μὲν ... δέ pair. |
| 41 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 42 Πηγαῖς | case | high | |
| 42 | Πηγαῖς | Πηγαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 ἄνεισιν | obl | high | Place name in the dative after ἐν. |
| 43 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 Μεγαλοπολίτιδος | det | high | |
| 44 | Μεγαλοπολίτιδος | Μεγαλοπολῖτις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 Πηγαῖς | nmod | high | Genitive identifying the region. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 28 ἄνεισιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ ἄνοδος ἐξ Ἀσέας ἐς τὸ ὄρος τὸ Βόρειον καλούμενον, καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ ἄκρᾳ τοῦ ὄρους σημεῖά ἐστιν ἱεροῦ· ποιῆσαι δὲ τὸ ἱερὸν Ἀθηνᾷ τε Σωτείρᾳ καὶ Ποσειδῶνι Ὀδυσσέα ἐλέγετο ἀνακομισθέντα ἐξ Ἰλίου.
Two coordinated existential clauses describe a road and sacred signs; ποιῆσαι is an infinitival subject of ἐλέγετο, with Ὀδυσσέα as its accusative subject and ἀνακομισθέντα as a participial predicate/modifier. The attachment of ἱεροῦ is understood as genitive of relation (‘of a sanctuary’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἄνοδος | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἄνοδος | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄνοδος | ἄνοδος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential subject. |
| 4 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἀσέας | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἀσέας | Ἀσέα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄνοδος | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ὄρος | case | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὄρος | det | high | |
| 8 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἄνοδος | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 Βόρειον | det | high | |
| 10 | Βόρειον | βόρειος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὄρος | amod | high | Proper name-like adjective. |
| 11 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ὄρος | acl | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἄνοδος | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 σημεῖά | cc | high | Coordinates the second existential clause. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἄκρᾳ | case | high | |
| 15 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἄκρᾳ | det | high | |
| 16 | ἄκρᾳ | ἄκρη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 σημεῖά | obl | high | |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 18 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἄκρᾳ | nmod | high | |
| 19 | σημεῖά | σημεῖον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of second existential ἐστιν. |
| 20 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἄνοδος | conj | high | |
| 21 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 σημεῖά | nmod | medium | Genitive of relation/content: ‘of a sanctuary’; could be construed with σημεῖα. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 23 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V- בב-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 33 ἐλέγετο | csubj | medium | Infinitival subject of ἐλέγετο; xpos spelling is nonstandard but morphology is clear. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἐλέγετο | cc | high | |
| 25 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 26 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 27 | Ἀθηνᾷ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ποιῆσαι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/dedication. |
| 28 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 Ἀθηνᾷ | cc | high | |
| 29 | Σωτείρᾳ | Σώτειρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Ἀθηνᾷ | conj | high | Epithet coordinated with Athena. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 Ποσειδῶνι | cc | high | |
| 31 | Ποσειδῶνι | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ποιῆσαι | iobj | high | Second dedication recipient. |
| 32 | Ὀδυσσέα | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἀνακομισθέντα | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival/participial construction. |
| 33 | ἐλέγετο | λέγω | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second sentence after the semicolon. |
| 34 | ἀνακομισθέντα | ἀνακομίζω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 33 ἐλέγετο | xcomp | medium | Aorist passive participle predicated of Ὀδυσσέα; may be analyzed as complement to the reported infinitival clause. |
| 35 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 36 Ἰλίου | case | high | |
| 36 | Ἰλίου | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 ἀνακομισθέντα | obl | high | |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἐλέγετο | punct | high |