Grammar parses for passage 8.44.5
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ὀνομαζόμενον Χῶμα ὅροι Μεγαλοπολίταις τῆς γῆς πρὸς Τεγεάτας καὶ Παλλαντιεῖς εἰσι·
The predicate εἰσι agrees with ὅροι; τὸ ὀνομαζόμενον Χῶμα is the named subject/topic, while Μεγαλοπολίταις is a dative of possession/reference and τῆς γῆς depends on ὅροι. The final place names are governed by πρὸς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ὀνομαζόμενον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 13 εἰσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPNNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 4 Χῶμα | amod | high | Attributive present passive participle. |
| 4 | Χῶμα | χῶμα | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὅροι | nsubj | medium | Place-name, nominative neuter; syntactically the named entity under discussion. |
| 5 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Predicate nominal subject agreeing with εἰσι. |
| 6 | Μεγαλοπολίταις | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅροι | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference: boundaries for the Megalopolitans. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 γῆς | det | high | |
| 8 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὅροι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὅροι, delimiting the territory. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 10 Τεγεάτας | case | high | |
| 10 | Τεγεάτας | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅροι | obl | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 Παλλαντιεῖς | cc | high | |
| 12 | Παλλαντιεῖς | Παλλαντιεύς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Τεγεάτας | conj | high | Coordinated with Τεγεάτας and governed by πρὸς. |
| 13 | εἰσι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἰσι | punct | high |
καὶ τὸ Παλλαντικὸν πεδίον ἐστὶν ἐκτραπεῖσιν ἐς ἀριστερὰν ἀπὸ τοῦ Χώματος.
The sentence coordinates with the preceding description: the Pallantian plain is reached by turning left from the Choma. ἐκτραπεῖσιν is a dative plural participle, probably agreeing with an understood traveler/group; the construction is somewhat elliptical, so its attachment is marked uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πεδίον | det | high | |
| 3 | Παλλαντικὸν | Παλλαντικός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πεδίον | amod | high | Toponymic adjective. |
| 4 | πεδίον | πεδίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐκτραπεῖσιν | ἐκτρέπω | VERB | V-APP-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶν | advcl | medium | Dative plural aorist passive participle; likely circumstantial/absolute in an elliptical directional construction. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 8 ἀριστερὰν | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀριστερὰν | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκτραπεῖσιν | obl | medium | Substantivized directional adjective, 'to the left'. |
| 9 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 11 Χώματος | case | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | G-SGN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 Χώματος | det | high | |
| 11 | Χώματος | χῶμα | NOUN | N-SGN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκτραπεῖσιν | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ Παλλαντίῳ ναός τε καὶ ἀγάλματα λίθου Πάλλαντος, τὸ δὲ ἕτερόν ἐστιν Εὐάνδρου· καὶ Κόρης τε τῆς Δήμητρος ἱερὸν καὶ οὐ πολὺ ἀπωτέρω Πολυβίου σφίσιν ἀνδριάς ἐστι.
Elliptical catalogic syntax: ἐν Παλλαντίῳ governs a first nominal clause with ναός and ἀγάλματα; τὸ ἕτερον refers to the second statue and takes Εὐάνδρου as genitive of identification. The final ἀνδριάς ἐστι has σφίσιν as ethical/possessive dative; ἀπωτέρω is a spatial predicate/adverbial modifier, with Πολυβίου dependent in the genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 Παλλαντίῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ναός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Παλλαντίῳ | Παλλάντιον | PROPN | Neut.Sg.Dat | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ναός | obl | high | Place name used with ἐν. |
| 4 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | Nom.Sg.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Nominal predicate/elliptical existential clause. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ναός | cc | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀγάλματα | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | Nom/Acc.Pl.Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ναός | conj | medium | Coordinated with singular ναός in an elliptical existential construction; nominative intended. |
| 8 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | Material genitive. |
| 9 | Πάλλαντος | Πάλλας | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγάλματα | nmod | medium | Genitive identifying or possessive relation; exact attachment within the statue phrase is somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ναός | punct | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Sg.Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἕτερόν | det | high | Article substantivizing ἕτερον. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἕτερόν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | ἕτερόν | ἕτερος | PRON | Art.Acc.Sg.Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter, grammatically expected as the subject of ἐστιν despite accusative-like form in the transmitted text. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 ναός | parataxis | high | Copula in the second nominal clause. |
| 15 | Εὐάνδρου | Εὔανδρος | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nmod | high | Genitive of possession or identification. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ναός | punct | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 18 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν, specifying the deity. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Correlative/additive τε. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Art.Gen.Sg.Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Δήμητρος | det | high | |
| 21 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητηρ | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Κόρης | appos | high | Appositional specification of Κόρης. |
| 22 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | Nom.Sg.Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ναός | conj | medium | Further coordinated nominal item in the elliptical existential catalog. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἀνδριάς | cc | high | |
| 24 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 ἀπωτέρω | advmod | high | |
| 25 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | Adv | _ | 26 ἀπωτέρω | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ἀπωτέρω. |
| 26 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | Adv.Comp | Degree=Cmp | 29 ἀνδριάς | advmod | high | Comparative spatial adverb, ‘farther away’. |
| 27 | Πολυβίου | Πολύβιος | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἀνδριάς | nmod | medium | Genitive associated with the statue, likely ‘of Polybius’; attachment is elliptical. |
| 28 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Dat.Pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 30 ἐστι | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or interest; antecedent is contextual. |
| 29 | ἀνδριάς | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | Nom.Sg.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of the final existential copula. |
| 30 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 22 ἱερὸν | conj | medium | Final existential clause coordinated with ἱερόν; ἀπωτέρω supplies its spatial modification. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ναός | punct | high |
τῷ λόφῳ δὲ τῷ ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως ὅσα ἀκροπόλει τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἐχρῶντο· λείπεται δὲ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ἐπὶ κορυφῇ τοῦ λόφου θεῶν ἱερόν.
The first clause has an elliptical relative construction: ὅσα (likely neuter plural accusative, ‘whatever [things]’) is associated with ἀκροπόλει as a predicative/dative notion, while τὸ ἀρχαῖον is an adverbial accusative with ἐχρῶντο (‘in ancient times’). In the second clause, ἱερόν is the subject of λείπεται, with ἐπὶ κορυφῇ τοῦ λόφου as its locative complement and θεῶν as a dependent genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P-D-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 λόφῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | λόφῳ | λόφος | NOUN | N-------DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Dative of reference/location. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἐχρῶντο | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P-D-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὑπὲρ | det | high | |
| 5 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 πόλεως | case | high | |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P-S-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 7 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-S---GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 λόφῳ | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ὑπέρ. |
| 8 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | P-----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obj | medium | Substantival neuter plural relative/indefinite form; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 9 | ἀκροπόλει | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-S---DF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obl | medium | Dative predicative or of reference with ἐχρῶντο; the construction is elliptical. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘in ancient times’. |
| 12 | ἐχρῶντο | χράομαι | VERB | V-IIM-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 14 | λείπεται | λείπω | VERB | V-PIE-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐχρῶντο | conj | high | Second coordinated clause; subject is postposed ἱερόν. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 λείπεται | cc | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 λείπεται | cc | high | Coordinating/additive particle. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἡμᾶς | case | high | |
| 18 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1P---A- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 14 λείπεται | obl | high | Temporal endpoint phrase, ‘down to our time’. |
| 19 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 λείπεται | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 κορυφῇ | case | high | With dative, locative. |
| 21 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | N-S---DF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 λείπεται | obl | high | |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 λόφου | det | high | |
| 23 | λόφου | λόφος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | |
| 24 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive, ‘of the gods’. |
| 25 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 λείπεται | nsubj | high | Neuter noun; nominative and accusative are syncretic in form. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λείπεται | punct | high |