Grammar parses for passage 8.44.5
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ὀνομαζόμενον Χῶμα ὅροι Μεγαλοπολίταις τῆς γῆς πρὸς Τεγεάτας καὶ Παλλαντιεῖς εἰσι·
The syntax is somewhat compressed: Χῶμα appears as a nominalized subject linked to plural predicate ὅροι, with dative Μεγαλοπολίταις and prepositional πρὸς complements expressing the boundaries.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Χῶμα | det | high | Article modifying the participle/nominalized phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 13 εἰσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 Χῶμα | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying Χῶμα. |
| 4 | Χῶμα | χῶμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὅροι | nsubj | medium | Subject of εἰσι; nominative singular may be collective/attributive to plural predicate. |
| 5 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative/subject with εἰσι. |
| 6 | Μεγαλοπολίταις | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅροι | nmod | high | Dative of relation/possession with ὅροι. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 γῆς | det | high | Article modifying γῆς. |
| 8 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὅροι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὅροι. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 5 ὅροι | case | high | Introduces the second boundary complement. |
| 10 | Τεγεάτας | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅροι | nmod | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 Τεγεάτας | cc | high | Coordinates the δύο accusative complements. |
| 12 | Παλλαντιεῖς | Παλλαντιεύς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Τεγεάτας | conj | medium | Likely coordinated with Τεγεάτας; form is accusative plural by sense. |
| 13 | εἰσι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἰσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ τὸ Παλλαντικὸν πεδίον ἐστὶν ἐκτραπεῖσιν ἐς ἀριστερὰν ἀπὸ τοῦ Χώματος.
Copular sentence with a participial directional modifier; the participle ἐκτραπεῖσιν is somewhat syntactically uncertain, but best analyzed as an oblique participial phrase modifying the clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking to prior context. |
| 2 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πεδίον | det | high | Article modifying πεδίον. |
| 3 | Παλλαντικὸν | Παλλαντικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πεδίον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πεδίον. |
| 4 | πεδίον | πεδίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject with implied copular predicate. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular clause head. |
| 6 | ἐκτραπεῖσιν | ἐκτρέπω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Likely dative participle governing the directional phrase; form could be taken as participial complement. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἀριστερὰν | case | high | Preposition introducing directional phrase. |
| 8 | ἀριστερὰν | ἀριστερός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκτραπεῖσιν | obl | high | Adverbial accusative with preposition, modifying the participle's direction. |
| 9 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Χώματος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Χώματος | det | high | Article modifying Χώματος. |
| 11 | Χώματος | χῶμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκτραπεῖσιν | obl | high | Genitive object of ἀπὸ. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐν δὲ Παλλαντίῳ ναός τε καὶ ἀγάλματα λίθου Πάλλαντος, τὸ δὲ ἕτερόν ἐστιν Εὐάνδρου· καὶ Κόρης τε τῆς Δήμητρος ἱερὸν καὶ οὐ πολὺ ἀπωτέρω Πολυβίου σφίσιν ἀνδριάς ἐστι.
Two coordinated existential/coporular clauses; the first has a slightly elliptical structure with ναός and ἀγάλματα as coordinated predicative subjects, and the second links ἱερὸν with ἀνδριάς plus a comparative locative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | Case=Dat | 3 Παλλαντίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 14 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Παλλαντίῳ | Παλλάντιον | PROPN | Neut.Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Likely dative of place with ἐν. |
| 4 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | Masc.Nom.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the implied/expressed copular predication. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 4 ναός | cc | high | Enclitic connective with ναός. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 7 ἀγάλματα | cc | high | Connects ἀγάλματα to ναός. |
| 7 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | Neut.Nom/Acc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated subject/subject-like noun. |
| 8 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | Masc.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πάλλαντος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Πάλλαντος. |
| 9 | Πάλλαντος | Πάλλας | PROPN | Masc.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγάλματα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἀγάλματα; likely 'of Pallas'. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art.Nom/Acc.Neut.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἕτερόν | det | high | Article with ἕτερόν. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 14 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | ἕτερόν | ἕτερος | ADJ | Adj.Nom/Acc.Neut.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter predicate nominal functioning as subject with ἐστιν. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb of first clause. |
| 15 | Εὐάνδρου | Εὔανδρος | PROPN | Masc.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἕτερόν | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἕτερόν / understood noun. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 29 ἀνδριάς | cc | high | Connects the second predication to the first. |
| 18 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | Fem.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἱερὸν. |
| 19 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 22 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Enclitic connective with ἱερὸν. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Art.Gen.Fem.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 Δήμητρος | det | high | Article with Δήμητρος. |
| 21 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητηρ | PROPN | Fem.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Κόρης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Κόρης. |
| 22 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | Neut.Nom/Acc.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἀνδριάς | nsubj | high | Subject of the second existential/coplanar clause. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 29 ἀνδριάς | cc | high | Connects ἀνδριάς with ἱερὸν. |
| 24 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 25 πολὺ | advmod | high | Negation of the adverbial phrase. |
| 25 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | Adj.Neut.Acc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἀπωτέρω | advmod | high | Part of adverbial phrase with ἀπωτέρω. |
| 26 | ἀπωτέρω | ἄπω | ADV | Dgr | Degree=Cmp | 29 ἀνδριάς | advmod | high | Comparative adverb 'farther away'. |
| 27 | Πολυβίου | Πολύβιος | PROPN | Masc.Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἀνδριάς | nmod | high | Genitive possessor/association with ἀνδριάς. |
| 28 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pers.Dat.Pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 29 ἀνδριάς | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/possession, referring to 'their'. |
| 29 | ἀνδριάς | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | Fem.Nom.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 30 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τῷ λόφῳ δὲ τῷ ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως ὅσα ἀκροπόλει τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἐχρῶντο· λείπεται δὲ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ἐπὶ κορυφῇ τοῦ λόφου θεῶν ἱερόν.
The first clause is compressed and likely elliptical, with ὅσα/ἀκροπόλει/τὸ ἀρχαῖον all depending on ἐχρῶντο in an unusual way; the second clause is clearer, with ἱερόν treated as a substantive subject/predicate-like nominal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 λόφῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | λόφῳ | λόφος | NOUN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Dative with ἐχρῶντο. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 12 ἐχρῶντο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἀκροπόλει | det | high | |
| 5 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 7 πόλεως | case | high | |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 7 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀκροπόλει | obl | high | Object of the preposition ὑπέρ. |
| 8 | ὅσα | ὅσος | ADJ | A-APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obj | medium | Likely accusative neuter plural object with ἐχρῶντο, though syntax is compressed. |
| 9 | ἀκροπόλει | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Dative of reference/standard with ὅσα; construal uncertain. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχρῶντο | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, probably object of ἐχρῶντο. |
| 12 | ἐχρῶντο | χράομαι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 14 | λείπεται | λείπω | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 14 λείπεται | discourse | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G | _ | 17 ἐς | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 18 ἡμᾶς | case | high | |
| 18 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P1-AP- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 14 λείπεται | obl | high | Complement of ἐς. |
| 19 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 14 λείπεται | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 21 κορυφῇ | case | high | |
| 21 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | N-DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 λείπεται | obl | high | Locative phrase with ἐπί. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 λόφου | det | high | |
| 23 | λόφου | λόφος | NOUN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | |
| 24 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | nmod | medium | Probably genitive modifier of ἱερόν: 'a sanctuary of the gods'. |
| 25 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | ADJ | A-ASN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 λείπεται | nsubj | medium | Could be adjective used substantively, 'a sanctuary'; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λείπεται | punct | high |