Grammar parses for passage 8.44.6
Open translation for this passage
ἐπίκλησις μὲν δή ἐστιν αὐτοῖς Καθαροί, περὶ μεγίστων δὲ αὐτόθι καθεστήκασιν οἱ ὅρκοι·
The sentence has two coordinated clauses: ἐπίκλησις ... ἐστιν with Καθαροί as predicate nominative, and οἱ ὅρκοι ... καθεστήκασιν; περί governs the substantivized neuter plural μεγίστων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίκλησις | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N--SFA | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δέ. |
| 3 | δή | δή | PART | PTCL | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate; nominative complement follows. |
| 5 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DMD-S3P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 4 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference with ἐστιν. |
| 6 | Καθαροί | καθαρός | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Substantivized predicate nominative. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 9 μεγίστων | case | high | |
| 9 | μεγίστων | μέγας | ADJ | A--GPN | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 καθεστήκασιν | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural genitive, governed by περί. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 καθεστήκασιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 11 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | D- | _ | 12 καθεστήκασιν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | καθεστήκασιν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Perfect form with stative/resultative sense: 'are established'; syntax is coordinated with ἐστίν. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὅρκοι | det | high | |
| 14 | ὅρκοι | ὅρκος | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καθεστήκασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
καὶ ὀνόματα μὲν τῶν θεῶν οὐκ ἴσασιν ἢ καὶ εἰδότες οὐ θέλουσιν ἐξαγορεύειν,
The sentence has an omitted governing verb in the second coordinated alternative: εἰδότες ... θέλουσιν ἐξαγορεύειν means ‘though knowing, they do not wish to disclose’; ἢ καί coordinates this alternative with οὐκ ἴσασιν. The subject of both finite verbs is implicit 3rd-plural.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἴσασιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N--PAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἴσασιν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἴσασιν; also understood with ἐξαγορεύειν. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἴσασιν | discourse | high | Correlative μὲν with following ἤ. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ὀνόματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀνόματα. |
| 6 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἴσασιν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἴσασιν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect-form verb with present meaning ‘know’; form is οἶδασιν with crasis/orthographic variant ἴσασιν. |
| 8 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 θέλουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the knowing-but-not-disclosing alternative with the preceding clause. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 εἰδότες | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘even/also’, modifying εἰδότες. |
| 10 | εἰδότες | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAPNP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 θέλουσιν | advcl | high | Concessive or circumstantial participle; subject is implicit plural. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 θέλουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | θέλουσιν | θέλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἴσασιν | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with ἴσασιν; takes ἐξαγορεύειν as infinitival complement. |
| 13 | ἐξαγορεύειν | ἐξαγορεύω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 θέλουσιν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after θέλουσιν; ὀνόματα is understood as its object. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἴσασιν | punct | high |
Καθαροὺς δὲ ἐπὶ τοιῷδε ἄν τις κληθῆναι τεκμαίροιτο, ὅτι αὐτοῖς οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ ὁ Πάλλας ἔθυσε καθὰ καὶ ὁ πατήρ οἱ τῷ Λυκαίῳ Διί.
The ὅτι clause is the evidential basis for the main optative; καθὰ introduces a comparative clause, with its verb understood from ἔθυσε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καθαροὺς | καθαρός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with κληθῆναι; substantivized/adjectival characterization. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 τοιῷδε | case | high | |
| 4 | τοιῷδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | obl | high | Dative substantive, ‘on such a point/basis’. |
| 5 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 6 | τις | τις | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | κληθῆναι | καλέω | VERB | V-ANP | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | xcomp | high | Passive infinitive governed by τεκμαίροιτο. |
| 8 | τεκμαίροιτο | τεκμαίρομαι | VERB | V-3SPO | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἔθυσε | mark | high | Introduces the explanatory content clause. |
| 11 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 17 ἔθυσε | iobj | medium | Dative recipients/beneficiaries of ἔθυσε. |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 ἔθυσε | advmod | high | |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ταὐτὰ | case | high | |
| 14 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 ἔθυσε | obl | medium | Contraction of τὰ αὐτά; adverbial accusative with κατά. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Πάλλας | det | high | |
| 16 | Πάλλας | Πάλλας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔθυσε | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | ἔθυσε | θύω | VERB | V-3SIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the ὅτι content clause. |
| 18 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πατήρ | mark | high | Introduces comparative clause. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πατήρ | cc | high | |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 πατήρ | det | high | |
| 21 | πατήρ | πατήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔθυσε | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DS3 | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 πατήρ | iobj | medium | Enclitic dative pronoun, ‘for/to him’; antecedent is context-dependent. |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 Διί | det | high | |
| 24 | Λυκαίῳ | Λύκαιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Διί | amod | high | Adjectival epithet modifying Διί. |
| 25 | Διί | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 πατήρ | obl | high | Dative with ἔθυσε, the deity receiving sacrifice. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 τεκμαίροιτο | punct | high |