Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 8.44.3

← 8.44.28.44.4 →

Passage 8.44.3

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
69Greek tokens
2,339input tokens
5,090output tokens
Sentence 1

8.44.3 sentence 1

Tokens
24
Input
789
Output
1,796
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2,585

τοῦ Ἀθηναίου δὲ μάλιστα εἴκοσιν ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις ἐρείπια Ἀσέας ἐστί, καὶ ὁ λόφος ἀκρόπολις τότε οὖσα τείχους σημεῖα ἔχει καὶ ἐς τόδε.

The first clause is elliptical/locative: ‘the ruins of Asea are about twenty stadia farther from the Athenian [landmark/place]’; Ἀσέας is treated as a genitive place-name dependent on ἐρείπια. In the second clause, ἀκρόπολις is a predicate nominative with οὖσα agreeing with λόφος; τείχους σημεῖα is a genitive-noun phrase meaning ‘traces/signs of a wall’.

punct conj cc cc nsubj obl advmod advcl obl advmod nummod nsubj xcomp det obl nmod punct det advmod nmod obj cc case root 1 τοῦ ὁ / DET 2 Ἀθηναίου Ἀθηναῖος / ADJ 3 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 4 μάλιστα μάλιστα / ADV 5 εἴκοσιν εἴκοσι / NUM 6 ἀπωτέρω ἀπωτέρω / ADV 7 σταδίοις στάδιον / NOUN 8 ἐρείπια ἐρείπιον / NOUN 9 Ἀσέας Ἀσέα / PROPN 10 ἐστί εἰμί / AUX 11 , , / PUNCT 12 καὶ καί / CCONJ 13 ὁ / DET 14 λόφος λόφος / NOUN 15 ἀκρόπολις ἀκρόπολις / NOUN 16 τότε τότε / ADV 17 οὖσα εἰμί / AUX 18 τείχους τεῖχος / NOUN 19 σημεῖα σημεῖον / NOUN 20 ἔχει ἔχω / VERB 21 καὶ καί / CCONJ 22 ἐς εἰς / ADP 23 τόδε ὅδε / PRON 24 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦDETT-dmg-sCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art2 Ἀθηναίουdethigh
2ἈθηναίουἈθηναῖοςADJA-1dmg-sCase=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἀπωτέρωoblmediumSubstantivized adjective; elliptical reference to an Athenian place/person.
3δὲδέCCONJC_10 ἐστίcchigh
4μάλισταμάλισταADVDDegree=Sup6 ἀπωτέρωadvmodhigh
5εἴκοσινεἴκοσιNUMM-lNumType=Card7 σταδίοιςnummodhighForm is indeclinable; case is supplied syntactically as instrumental/dative of measure.
6ἀπωτέρωἀπωτέρωADVDDegree=Cmp10 ἐστίadvmodhigh
7σταδίοιςστάδιονNOUNN-dnd-pCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur6 ἀπωτέρωoblhighDative of measure with εἴκοσιν.
8ἐρείπιαἐρείπιονNOUNN-nan-pCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur10 ἐστίnsubjhigh
9ἈσέαςἈσέαPROPNNe-g--sCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἐρείπιαnmodmediumPlace-name in the genitive; spelling/form may be dialectal or textually variable.
10ἐστίεἰμίAUXV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighSingular verb with neuter plural subject, a common Greek construction.
11,,PUNCT__10 ἐστίpuncthigh
12καὶκαίCCONJC_20 ἔχειcchighCoordinates the second clause with the first.
13DETT-nm-sCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art14 λόφοςdethigh
14λόφοςλόφοςNOUNN-nm-sCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἔχειnsubjhigh
15ἀκρόπολιςἀκρόπολιςNOUNN-nn-sCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 οὖσαxcompmediumPredicate nominative/complement of εἰμί understood through the participle οὖσα; feminine gender follows ἀκρόπολις.
16τότετότεADVD_17 οὖσαadvmodhigh
17οὖσαεἰμίAUXV-sfpna---Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act20 ἔχειadvclmediumCircumstantial/predicative participle agreeing with λόφος; ἀκρόπολις is its predicate complement.
18τείχουςτεῖχοςNOUNN-gsn-sCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing19 σημεῖαnmodhigh
19σημεῖασημεῖονNOUNN-an-pCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur20 ἔχειobjhigh
20ἔχειἔχωVERBV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act10 ἐστίconjhigh
21καὶκαίCCONJC_20 ἔχειcchighCoordinates the phrase ἐς τόδε with ἔχει.
22ἐςεἰςADPR_23 τόδεcasehigh
23τόδεὅδεPRONP-an-sCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem20 ἔχειoblhighAdverbial temporal/durative expression: ‘up to the present’.
24..PUNCT__10 ἐστίpuncthigh
Sentence 2

8.44.3 sentence 2

Tokens
25
Input
814
Output
1,800
Total
2,614

σταδίους δὲ ὅσον πέντε ἀπὸ Ἀσέας τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ μὲν ὀλίγον ἄπο τῆς ὁδοῦ, τοῦ δὲ Εὐρώτα παρʼ αὐτήν ἐστιν ἡ πηγὴ τὴν ὁδόν·

The sentence has an elliptical/uncertain construction: ὅσον πέντε (σταδίους) gives distance, while ἡ πηγή ἐστιν ...; τὴν ὁδόν is likely an accusative of extent/path or an irregularly transmitted phrase. ἄπο is treated as the preposition ἀπό despite the printed accent.

obl cc advmod punct punct obl cc obl nummod obl obl obl case det nsubj det case det discourse det case obl det det root 1 σταδίους στάδιον / NOUN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ὅσον ὅσος / DET 4 πέντε πέντε / NUM 5 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 6 Ἀσέας Ἀσέα / PROPN 7 τοῦ ὁ / DET 8 Ἀλφειοῦ Ἀλφειός / PROPN 9 μὲν μέν / PART 10 ὀλίγον ὀλίγος / ADV 11 ἄπο ἀπό / ADP 12 τῆς ὁ / DET 13 ὁδοῦ ὁδός / NOUN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 τοῦ ὁ / DET 16 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 17 Εὐρώτα Εὐρώτας / PROPN 18 παρʼ παρά / ADP 19 αὐτήν αὐτός / PRON 20 ἐστιν εἰμί / VERB 21 ὁ / DET 22 πηγὴ πηγή / NOUN 23 τὴν ὁ / DET 24 ὁδόν ὁδός / NOUN 25 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1σταδίουςστάδιονNOUNNb-am---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 ἐστινoblmediumAccusative measure/distance, with ὅσον πέντε.
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_20 ἐστινcchigh
3ὅσονὅσοςDETA-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 πέντεdetmediumNeuter accusative extent expression, agreeing with implied μέτρον or used adverbially.
4πέντεπέντεNUMM--------Case=Acc|Number=Plur1 σταδίουςnummodhighNumeral modifying σταδίους.
5ἀπὸἀπόADPR--------_6 Ἀσέαςcasehigh
6ἈσέαςἈσέαPROPNNe-g---fg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ὀλίγονoblhighPlace name in genitive after ἀπό.
7τοῦDETL-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing8 Ἀλφειοῦdethigh
8ἈλφειοῦἈλφειόςPROPNNe-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ὀλίγονoblhighGenitive of comparison/reference in the μέν-member.
9μὲνμένPARTG--------_10 ὀλίγονdiscoursehighCorrelative with δὲ at token 16.
10ὀλίγονὀλίγοςADVA-s---na-Degree=Pos20 ἐστινadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative: slightly/a little away.
11ἄποἀπόADPR--------_13 ὁδοῦcasemediumPrinted ἄπο likely represents ἀπό; governs τῆς ὁδοῦ.
12τῆςDETL-s---fg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ὁδοῦdethigh
13ὁδοῦὁδόςNOUNNb-s---fg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ὀλίγονoblhighObject of ἀπό.
14,,PUNCT__20 ἐστινpuncthigh
15τοῦDETL-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 Εὐρώταdethigh
16δὲδέCCONJC--------_20 ἐστινcchighCorrelative counterpart to μέν.
17ΕὐρώταΕὐρώταςPROPNNe-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἐστινoblhighGenitive of reference/comparison with παρʼ αὐτήν.
18παρʼπαράADPR--------_19 αὐτήνcasehighElided form of παρά; takes accusative here.
19αὐτήναὐτόςPRONP-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἐστινoblhighLikely refers to the road, ὁδόν/ὁδός, or another feminine antecedent.
20ἐστινεἰμίVERBV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
21DETL-s---fn-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing22 πηγὴdethigh
22πηγὴπηγήNOUNNb-s---fn-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἐστινnsubjhighSubject of ἐστιν.
23τὴνDETL-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing24 ὁδόνdethigh
24ὁδόνὁδόςNOUNNb-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἐστινobllowAccusative is syntactically uncertain; possibly an accusative of extent/path, or reflecting a textual irregularity.
25··PUNCT__20 ἐστινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

8.44.3 sentence 3

Tokens
20
Input
736
Output
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Total
2,230

πρός τε τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ τῇ πηγῇ ναός τε Μητρὸς θεῶν ἐστιν οὐκ ἔχων ὄροφον καὶ λέοντες λίθου δύο πεποιημένοι.

The first τε coordinates the prepositional phrase with the following clause; ναός is the subject of ἐστιν, with Μητρὸς θεῶν as a genitive dedication/title phrase. The final participle πεποιημένοι is predicative of λέοντες, with λίθου material genitive; coordination and the attachment of the second nominal phrase are somewhat elliptical.

punct case cc nsubj nsubj acl nmod nmod acl obl nummod det det obl cc nmod advmod obj cc root 1 πρός πρός / ADP 2 τε τε / CCONJ 3 τοῦ ὁ / DET 4 Ἀλφειοῦ Ἀλφειός / PROPN 5 τῇ ὁ / DET 6 πηγῇ πηγή / NOUN 7 ναός ναός / NOUN 8 τε τε / CCONJ 9 Μητρὸς μήτηρ / NOUN 10 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 11 ἐστιν εἰμί / VERB 12 οὐκ οὐ / PART 13 ἔχων ἔχω / VERB 14 ὄροφον ὄροφος / NOUN 15 καὶ καί / CCONJ 16 λέοντες λέων / NOUN 17 λίθου λίθος / NOUN 18 δύο δύο / NUM 19 πεποιημένοι ποιέω / VERB 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1πρόςπρόςADPPREPAdpType=Prep6 πηγῇcasehigh
2τετεCCONJCONJ_7 ναόςcchighCoordinates the preceding prepositional phrase with the following clause.
3τοῦDETT----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 Ἀλφειοῦdethigh
4ἈλφειοῦἈλφειόςPROPN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 πηγῇnmodhigh
5τῇDETT----DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 πηγῇdethigh
6πηγῇπηγήNOUN----DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ναόςoblmediumDative with πρός is locative/associative; the phrase identifies the spring by the Alpheios.
7ναόςναόςNOUN----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 ἐστινnsubjhigh
8τετεCCONJCONJ_7 ναόςcchighCoordinates ναός with the following genitive title phrase only loosely/elliptically.
9ΜητρὸςμήτηρNOUN----GFS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ναόςnmodmediumGenitive of dedication or divine title.
10θεῶνθεόςNOUN----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 Μητρὸςnmodhigh
11ἐστινεἰμίVERBV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
12οὐκοὐPARTPARTPolarity=Neg13 ἔχωνadvmodhigh
13ἔχωνἔχωVERBV-PAPNSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act11 ἐστινaclhighPredicative/attributive participle agreeing with ναός.
14ὄροφονὄροφοςNOUN----ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἔχωνobjhigh
15καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_16 λέοντεςcchighCoordinates the second nominal predicate/phrase with the temple description.
16λέοντεςλέωνNOUN----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 ἐστινnsubjmediumLikely a second coordinated subject/predicate nominal associated with ἐστιν.
17λίθουλίθοςNOUN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 πεποιημένοιoblmediumMaterial genitive with πεποιημένοι.
18δύοδύοNUMM----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur16 λέοντεςnummodhigh
19πεποιημένοιποιέωVERBV-RPPNPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass16 λέοντεςaclhighPerfect passive participle, predicative/attributive of λέοντες.
20..PUNCTPUNCT_11 ἐστινpuncthigh
← 8.44.28.44.4 →