Grammar parses for passage 8.45.3
Open translation for this passage
Ἡρακλειδῶν δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον κατιόντων Ἔχεμος ὁ Ἀερόπου Τεγεάτης ἐμονομάχησεν ἰδίᾳ πρὸς Ὕλλον, καὶ ἐκράτησε τοῦ Ὕλλου τῇ μάχῃ.
The opening genitive absolute (Ἡρακλειδῶν ... κατιόντων) is an adjunct to the main clause; ὁ Ἀερόπου Τεγεάτης is an appositional designation of Ἔχεμος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἡρακλειδῶν | Ἡρακλείδης | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 κατιόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 4 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατιόντων | obl | high | Goal of motion in the genitive absolute. |
| 5 | κατιόντων | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PPAPGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 6 | Ἔχεμος | Ἔχεμος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐμονομάχησεν. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀερόπου | det | high | Article with patronymic/name phrase. |
| 8 | Ἀερόπου | Ἀέροπος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Τεγεάτης | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive modifying Τεγεάτης. |
| 9 | Τεγεάτης | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἔχεμος | appos | high | Ethnic/appositional designation of Echemos. |
| 10 | ἐμονομάχησεν | μονομαχέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 11 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | advmod | high | Adverbial dative, 'personally/individually'. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ὕλλον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 13 | Ὕλλον | Ὕλλος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | obl | high | Opponent with πρὸς. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐκράτησε | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite verb. |
| 16 | ἐκράτησε | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | conj | high | Coordinated main verb with shared subject. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ὕλλου | det | high | Article introducing genitive complement. |
| 18 | Ὕλλου | Ὕλλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκράτησε | obj | high | Genitive object/complement of κρατέω. |
| 19 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 μάχῃ | det | high | Article with μάχῃ. |
| 20 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκράτησε | obl | high | Dative of means or circumstance. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐμονομάχησεν | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμονίους τε οἱ Τεγεᾶται πρῶτοι Ἀρκάδων σφίσιν ἐπιστρατεύσαντας ἐνίκησαν καὶ αἰχμαλώτους αἱροῦσιν αὐτῶν τοὺς πολλούς.
The first accusative Λακεδαιμονίους is the object of ἐνίκησαν, while ἐπιστρατεύσαντας is a circumstantial participle agreeing with it; αἱροῦσιν is coordinated with the first finite verb and takes αἰχμαλώτους ... τοὺς πολλούς as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐνίκησαν | obj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐνίκησαν | cc | high | Correlative enclitic coordinating the two predicates. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P---nm-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Τεγεᾶται | det | high | |
| 4 | Τεγεᾶται | Τεγεᾶται | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐνίκησαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name functioning as the subject. |
| 5 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Τεγεᾶται | amod | high | Predicative/temporal ‘first’; attached to the ethnic subject. |
| 6 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπιστρατεύσαντας | nmod | high | Genitive partitive with the understood group of Arcadians. |
| 7 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp----nd- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 8 ἐπιστρατεύσαντας | iobj | medium | Reflexive pronoun, dative of reference/hostility (‘against them’), referring to the Tegeatae. |
| 8 | ἐπιστρατεύσαντας | ἐπιστρατεύω | VERB | V-papama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνίκησαν | advcl | high | Concords with Λακεδαιμονίους; circumstantial participle, ‘having marched against’. |
| 9 | ἐνίκησαν | νικάω | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 αἱροῦσιν | cc | high | Coordinates αἱροῦσιν with ἐνίκησαν. |
| 11 | αἰχμαλώτους | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 αἱροῦσιν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘captives’. |
| 12 | αἱροῦσιν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνίκησαν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 13 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp---mg-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 15 πολλούς | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: the captives are among them. |
| 14 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 πολλούς | det | high | |
| 15 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 αἱροῦσιν | obj | high | Substantivized with τοὺς; πολλούς αὐτῶν means ‘the majority of them’. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐνίκησαν | punct | high |