Grammar parses for passage 8.5.12
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστοκράτης δέ, ὥς οἱ πειρῶντι τὴν παρθένον ἀντέβαινεν ἀεὶ τὰ παρʼ αὐτῆς, τέλος καταφυγοῦσαν ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν παρὰ τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι ᾔσχυνεν.
The syntax is compressed: ὥς introduces the imperfect subordinate clause, while πειρῶντι is a circumstantial dative participle; καταφυγοῦσαν is an accusative participle linked to παρθένον and supplies the temporal circumstance of the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστοκράτης | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | punct | high | |
| 4 | ὥς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἀντέβαινεν | mark | medium | Introduces the temporal/circumstantial subordinate clause. |
| 5 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P---DM3- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 πειρῶντι | iobj | medium | Dative personal pronoun, likely referring to Aristocrates. |
| 6 | πειρῶντι | πειράω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἀντέβαινεν | advcl | medium | Dative participle agreeing with the understood subject; circumstantial. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 παρθένον | det | high | |
| 8 | παρθένον | παρθένος | NOUN | N--SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πειρῶντι | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἀντέβαινεν | ἀντιβαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | advcl | medium | Imperfect in the ὡς-clause; subject is likely the participial/dative construction's implied agent or the virgin contextually. |
| 10 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 ἀντέβαινεν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 παρʼ | det | medium | Article substantivizes the neuter plural expression. |
| 12 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 αὐτῆς | case | high | |
| 13 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 9 ἀντέβαινεν | obl | medium | Genitive with παρά: things from her; governs the substantivized τὰ. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | τέλος | τέλος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 καταφυγοῦσαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘at last/finally’. |
| 16 | καταφυγοῦσαν | καταφεύγω | VERB | V-AAP-AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | advcl | high | Accusative participle, agreeing with the object παρθένον. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 19 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N--NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 καταφυγοῦσαν | obl | high | |
| 20 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 Ἀρτέμιδι | case | high | |
| 21 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἱερὸν | obl | high | Dative with παρά, ‘beside/at Artemis’. |
| 23 | ᾔσχυνεν | αἰσχύνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | punct | high |
ὡς δὲ ἐς ἅπαντας ἐξηγγέλθη τὸ τόλμημα, τὸν μὲν καταλιθοῦσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες, μετεβλήθη δὲ ἐξ ἐκείνου καὶ ὁ νόμος·
Temporal ὡς-clause: after the deed was reported to everyone, the Arcadians stone him; the following clause states that the law changed from that point. The object τὸν is resumed by omitted/understood singular subject of καταλιθοῦσιν, while οἱ Ἀρκάδες is the explicit plural subject; the form καταλιθοῦσιν is morphologically ambiguous but syntactically 3PL present indicative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | ADV | PronType=Rel | 5 ἐξηγγέλθη | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 μετεβλήθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἅπαντας | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | ἅπαντας | ἅπας | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 5 ἐξηγγέλθη | obl | high | Substantivized masculine accusative plural, ‘everyone’. |
| 5 | ἐξηγγέλθη | ἐξαγγέλλω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 15 μετεβλήθη | advcl | high | Aorist passive temporal clause. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 τόλμημα | det | high | |
| 7 | τόλμημα | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξηγγέλθη | nsubj:pass | high | Passive subject: ‘the daring act’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐξηγγέλθη | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 καταλιθοῦσιν | det | high | Article with substantivized accusative masculine object. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 11 καταλιθοῦσιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; contrast continued by δέ. |
| 11 | καταλιθοῦσιν | καταλιθόω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 μετεβλήθη | conj | medium | Taken as 3PL present indicative ‘they stone’; form is morphologically ambiguous with other parses. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀρκάδες | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 καταλιθοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of καταλιθοῦσιν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 μετεβλήθη | punct | high | |
| 15 | μετεβλήθη | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 μετεβλήθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 ἐκείνου | case | high | Variant form of ἐκ. |
| 18 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 μετεβλήθη | obl | high | Substantivized genitive, ‘from that time/point’. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 νόμος | cc | high | Connective/adverbial καί, ‘also’. |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 νόμος | det | high | |
| 21 | νόμος | νόμος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μετεβλήθη | nsubj | high | Subject of μετεβλήθη. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 μετεβλήθη | punct | high |
ἀντὶ γὰρ παρθένου διδόασι τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι ἱέρειαν γυναῖκα ὁμιλίας ἀνδρῶν ἀποχρώντως ἔχουσαν.
The prepositional phrase ἀντὶ παρθένου contrasts with ἱέρειαν γυναῖκα, the object of διδόασι; ἔχουσαν agrees with γυναῖκα and governs the genitive ὁμιλίας ἀνδρῶν. The adverb ἀποχρώντως modifies ἔχουσαν. Parsing of ὁμιλίας is contextually somewhat uncertain (likely ‘intercourse/association’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 3 παρθένου | case | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 4 διδόασι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | παρθένου | παρθένος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 διδόασι | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀντί. |
| 4 | διδόασι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | Ne-GSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 διδόασι | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 7 | ἱέρειαν | ἱέρεια | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 διδόασι | obj | high | |
| 8 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἱέρειαν | appos | high | Appositional specification of ἱέρειαν. |
| 9 | ὁμιλίας | ὁμιλία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχουσαν | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ἔχουσαν; semantic relation is somewhat context-dependent. |
| 10 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ὁμιλίας | nmod | high | |
| 11 | ἀποχρώντως | ἀποχρώντως | ADV | D- | Degree=Pos | 12 ἔχουσαν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | ἔχουσαν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 γυναῖκα | acl | high | Accusative feminine singular participle agreeing with γυναῖκα. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 διδόασι | punct | high |