Grammar parses for passage 8.50.7
Open translation for this passage
παρεσκευασμένων δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν Νάβιν ναυτικὸν τῶν Ῥωμαίων, ὁ Φιλοποίμην ὑπὸ προθυμίας μεθέξειν ἔμελλε τοῦ ἀγῶνος·
The opening genitive absolute/elliptical participial phrase is difficult: ναυτικόν is interpreted as the Roman naval force, with παρεσκευασμένων agreeing in an implied neuter plural sense; the main clause is Φιλοποίμην ἔμελλε μεθέξειν τοῦ ἀγῶνος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρεσκευασμένων | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V--PGM-P | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Middle | 6 ναυτικὸν | amod | medium | Genitive perfect middle participle, agreeing with ναυτικόν understood as a neuter plural collective/partitive expression; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἔμελλε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 5 Νάβιν | case | high | |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Article | 5 Νάβιν | det | high | |
| 5 | Νάβιν | Νάβις | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 παρεσκευασμένων | obl | medium | Proper name in accusative after ἐπί; form Νάβιν is the accusative of Νάβις. |
| 6 | ναυτικὸν | ναυτικός | NOUN | N--GPN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 παρεσκευασμένων | obl | low | The printed form is formally ambiguous/elliptical; interpreted as a genitive plural neuter noun, ‘naval forces/fleet’, governing or accompanying the participle. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|PronType=Article | 8 Ῥωμαίων | det | high | |
| 8 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A--GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 6 ναυτικὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναυτικόν: the Roman fleet/naval force. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔμελλε | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Article | 11 Φιλοποίμην | det | high | |
| 11 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 15 ἔμελλε | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 13 προθυμίας | case | high | |
| 13 | προθυμίας | προθυμία | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 15 ἔμελλε | obl | high | Causal genitive with ὑπό, ‘through/from eagerness’. |
| 14 | μεθέξειν | μετέχω | VERB | V--FAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 15 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Future active infinitive dependent on ἔμελλε. |
| 15 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Article | 17 ἀγῶνος | det | high | |
| 17 | ἀγῶνος | ἀγών | NOUN | N--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 14 μεθέξειν | obl | high | Genitive with μετέχω, ‘take part in the contest’. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔμελλε | punct | high |
ἅτε δὲ ἐς ἅπαν ἀπείρως θαλάσσης ἔχων τριήρους ἔλαθεν ἐπιβὰς ῥεούσης, ὥστε καὶ ἐσῆλθε Ῥωμαίους καὶ τὸ ἄλλο συμμαχικὸν μνήμη τῶν ἐπῶν ὧν ἐν καταλόγῳ πεποίηκεν Ὅμηρος ἐπὶ τῇ Ἀρκάδων ἀμαθίᾳ τῇ ἐς θάλασσαν.
The passage is syntactically difficult: ἔλαθεν governs the participial construction ἐπιβὰς ῥεούσης, while ὥστε introduces a consecutive clause with coordinated objects Ῥωμαίους καὶ τὸ ἄλλο συμμαχικόν; μνήμη is an abrupt nominative continuation/apposition, and ὧν refers to ἐπῶν. Some attachment choices are necessarily tentative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 7 ἔχων | mark | medium | Causal/qualifying conjunction introducing the participial frame. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔλαθεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἅπαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot | 5 ἀπείρως | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘entirely/in all respects’. |
| 5 | ἀπείρως | ἀπείρως | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἔχων | advmod | high | |
| 6 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχων | obl | medium | Genitive with ἔχω, expressing lack of experience. |
| 7 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλαθεν | advcl | high | Concessive/causal participle modifying the understood subject. |
| 8 | τριήρους | τριήρης | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπιβὰς | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐπιβαίνω, ‘board a trireme’. |
| 9 | ἔλαθεν | λανθάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἐπιβὰς | ἐπιβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλαθεν | advcl | high | Participial complement/construction with ἔλαθεν. |
| 11 | ῥεούσης | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπιβὰς | acl | low | Genitive feminine participle; likely dependent on an elided or contextually supplied feminine noun, perhaps ναός/νηῦς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἔλαθεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἐσῆλθε | mark | high | Introduces a consecutive result clause. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἐσῆλθε | cc | high | Adverbial/coordinating καί. |
| 15 | ἐσῆλθε | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλαθεν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὥστε result clause. |
| 16 | Ῥωμαίους | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 15 ἐσῆλθε | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐσῆλθε. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 συμμαχικὸν | cc | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ἄλλο | det | high | |
| 19 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 συμμαχικὸν | amod | high | |
| 20 | συμμαχικὸν | συμμαχικός | NOUN | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐσῆλθε | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with Ῥωμαίους. |
| 21 | μνήμη | μνήμη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔλαθεν | appos | low | Nominative continuation/apposition; exact syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 ἐπῶν | det | high | |
| 23 | ἐπῶν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 μνήμη | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μνήμη, ‘memory of the verses’. |
| 24 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | R-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 27 πεποίηκεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ἐπῶν. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 καταλόγῳ | case | high | |
| 26 | καταλόγῳ | κατάλογος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 πεποίηκεν | obl | high | |
| 27 | πεποίηκεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 23 ἐπῶν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb, with ὧν as object. |
| 28 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 27 πεποίηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 ἀμαθίᾳ | case | high | |
| 30 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 ἀμαθίᾳ | det | high | |
| 31 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 32 ἀμαθίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀμαθίᾳ. |
| 32 | ἀμαθίᾳ | ἀμαθία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 πεποίηκεν | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί, ‘over/on account of the ignorance’. |
| 33 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 ἐς | det | medium | Article substantivally/elliptically introducing the following ἐς phrase. |
| 34 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 θάλασσαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 35 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἀμαθίᾳ | nmod | medium | Prepositional phrase specifying the domain of ἀμαθίᾳ. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἔλαθεν | punct | high |