Grammar parses for passage 8.50.9
Open translation for this passage
Φιλοποίμην δὲ τὴν τάξιν, ἣν τεταγμένους ἀπῆγεν ὀπίσω, ταύτην ὑπαλλάξας τὰ μάλιστα ἰσχυρὰ τῶν χωρίων πρὸς αὑτοῦ καὶ οὐ πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων ἐποίησεν εἶναι·
Φιλοποίμην is the accusative object of ἐποίησεν; τὴν τάξιν ... ταύτην is a left-dislocated/topic construction, with ἣν ... ἀπῆγεν as a relative clause and τεταγμένους as its predicative object complement. The infinitive εἶναι completes ἐποίησεν. The phrase πρὸς αὑτοῦ καὶ οὐ πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων is interpreted as ‘on his side, not on the enemies’ side’; the prepositions govern genitives here, with some syntactic uncertainty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | N--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Proper name, accusative singular; object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--AFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 τάξιν | det | high | |
| 4 | τάξιν | τάξις | NOUN | N--AFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ταύτην | obj | medium | Topic/left-dislocated accusative resumed by ταύτην. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 τάξιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | PRA-AFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπῆγεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἀπῆγεν; antecedent τάξιν. |
| 7 | τεταγμένους | τάσσω | VERB | V-RPP-AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἀπῆγεν | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle agreeing with understood masculine plural troops, predicative with the object ἣν. |
| 8 | ἀπῆγεν | ἀπάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 τάξιν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause finite verb. |
| 9 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἀπῆγεν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘behind/back’. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπῆγεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Resumptive demonstrative, object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 12 | ὑπαλλάξας | ὑπαλλάσσω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποίησεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, circumstantial to ἐποίησεν. |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S--NPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | det | high | |
| 14 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying ἰσχυρά. |
| 15 | ἰσχυρὰ | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A--NPA--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ὑπαλλάξας | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, object of ὑπαλλάξας. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GNG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 χωρίων | det | high | |
| 17 | χωρίων | χωρίον | NOUN | N--GNG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | nmod | high | Partitive/specifying genitive with τὰ ἰσχυρά. |
| 18 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 αὑτοῦ | case | medium | Preposition governing the following genitive phrase. |
| 19 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P3GMS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 25 ἐποίησεν | obl | medium | Genitive reflexive pronoun; πρὸς αὑτοῦ means ‘on his side’ or ‘toward his own side’. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 πρὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two πρὸς phrases. |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 22 πρὸς | advmod | high | Negates the second prepositional phrase. |
| 22 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 πολεμίων | case | high | Preposition governing the following genitive phrase. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 πολεμίων | det | high | |
| 24 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | ADJ | A--GMP--- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the enemies’; contrasted with αὑτοῦ. |
| 25 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 26 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐποίησεν; subject is τὰ ἰσχυρά. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |
κρατήσας δὲ τῇ μάχῃ Νάβιν καὶ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ καταφονεύσας πολλούς, δόξης ἔτι ἐς πλέον παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἤρθη.
The two nominative aorist participles (κρατήσας, καταφονεύσας) form coordinated circumstantial clauses modifying the main verb ἤρθη; the understood subject is the contextual protagonist.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κρατήσας | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 22 ἤρθη | advcl | high | Aorist participle, coordinated in sense with token 12. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κρατήσας | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 4 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κρατήσας | obl | high | Dative of sphere/circumstance: victorious in battle. |
| 5 | Νάβιν | Νάβις | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κρατήσας | obj | medium | Proper name; accusative object of κρατήσας, with καί linking the following object. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Νάβιν | cc | high | |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καταφονεύσας | obj | high | Genitive plural substantivized ethnic; object of καταφονεύσας. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 νυκτὶ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νυκτὶ | det | high | |
| 11 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 καταφονεύσας | obl | high | Prepositional temporal adjunct with ἐν. |
| 12 | καταφονεύσας | καταφονεύω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 22 ἤρθη | advcl | high | Second aorist participle, coordinated with κρατήσας. |
| 13 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καταφονεύσας | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, object of καταφονεύσας. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἤρθη | punct | high | |
| 15 | δόξης | δόξα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἤρθη | obl | medium | Genitive of respect or measure with ἤρθη: raised in reputation. |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 πλέον | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 πλέον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 18 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἤρθη | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter comparative, governed by ἐς: to a greater extent. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Ἕλλησιν | case | high | With dative, denotes estimation or standing among. |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 πλέον | obl | high | Dative complement of παρά: among the Greeks. |
| 22 | ἤρθη | αἴρω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; subject is understood from context. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἤρθη | punct | high |