Grammar parses for passage 8.50.9
Open translation for this passage
Φιλοποίμην δὲ τὴν τάξιν, ἣν τεταγμένους ἀπῆγεν ὀπίσω, ταύτην ὑπαλλάξας τὰ μάλιστα ἰσχυρὰ τῶν χωρίων πρὸς αὑτοῦ καὶ οὐ πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων ἐποίησεν εἶναι·
The main difficulty is the syntax of ἣν τεταγμένους ἀπῆγεν ὀπίσω: the relative clause appears to describe a previously mentioned formation, with τεταγμένους likely attached as a participial complement despite case mismatch in the transmitted form.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 25 ἐποίησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 τάξιν | det | high | Article modifying τάξιν. |
| 4 | τάξιν | τάξις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπαλλάξας | obj | high | Object of ὑπαλλάξας. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 τάξιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 8 ἀπῆγεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἀπῆγεν. |
| 7 | τεταγμένους | τάσσω | VERB | VMP--APM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἀπῆγεν | xcomp | medium | Likely participle dependent on ἀπῆγεν; form is masculine accusative plural, context may imply object/complement. |
| 8 | ἀπῆγεν | ἀπάγω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 ἣν | acl:relcl | high | Imperfect verb in relative clause modifying ἣν. |
| 9 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D | _ | 8 ἀπῆγεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀπῆγεν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπῆγεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 25 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 12 | ὑπαλλάξας | ὑπαλλάσσω | VERB | AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποίησεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle modifying Φιλοποίμην. |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | det | high | Article modifying ἰσχυρά. |
| 14 | μάλιστα | μάλα | ADV | D | _ | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἰσχυρά. |
| 15 | ἰσχυρὰ | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Accusative plural substantive phrase, object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 χωρίων | det | high | Article modifying χωρίων. |
| 17 | χωρίων | χωρίον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἰσχυρά. |
| 18 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 19 αὑτοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing αὑτοῦ. |
| 19 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on ἰσχυρά. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 21 οὐ | cc | high | Coordinates ὀφ.../πρός phrases. |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 22 πρὸς | advmod | high | Negates the following prepositional phrase. |
| 22 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 24 πολεμίων | case | high | Preposition governing τῶν πολεμίων. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 πολεμίων | det | high | Article modifying πολεμίων. |
| 24 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἰσχυρὰ | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on ἰσχυρά, coordinated with πρὸς αὑτοῦ. |
| 25 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 26 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἐποίησεν. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
κρατήσας δὲ τῇ μάχῃ Νάβιν καὶ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ καταφονεύσας πολλούς, δόξης ἔτι ἐς πλέον παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἤρθη.
The sentence is a main passive clause with two circumstantial aorist participles, plus several oblique phrases whose exact semantic roles are somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κρατήσας | κρατέω | VERB | PAP-NSM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἤρθη | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, antecedent to main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἤρθη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μάχῃ | det | high | Article with μάχῃ. |
| 4 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κρατήσας | obl | high | Dative of respect/instrument with κρατήσας. |
| 5 | Νάβιν | Νάβις | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 καταφονεύσας | obj | high | Direct object of καταφονεύσας. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 Νάβιν | cc | high | Connects coordinated object/phrase. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | Article with Λακεδαιμονίων. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καταφονεύσας | obl | high | Partitive/comitative genitive depending on analysis; here treated as genitive dependent of the participle. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 11 νυκτὶ | case | high | Preposition introducing temporal phrase. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νυκτὶ | det | high | Article with νυκτί. |
| 11 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 καταφονεύσας | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἐν. |
| 12 | καταφονεύσας | καταφονεύω | VERB | PAP-NSM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἤρθη | advcl | high | Second circumstantial participle. |
| 13 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καταφονεύσας | obj | high | Object of καταφονεύσας. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καταφονεύσας | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 15 | δόξης | δόξα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἤρθη | obl | medium | Genitive of cause/reference before ἤρθη; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 18 πλέον | advmod | high | Modifies πλέον. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 18 πλέον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | πλέον | πλέων | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἤρθη | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative use, literally 'to more'. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R | _ | 21 Ἕλλησιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | Article with Ἕλλησιν. |
| 21 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἤρθη | obl | high | Dative governed by παρά. |
| 22 | ἤρθη | αἴρω | VERB | V-API-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main passive verb. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἤρθη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |