Grammar parses for passage 8.51.2
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ τούτων τε ἕνεκα καὶ ὧν ἐς ἀμφοτέρους τοὺς τυράννους ἐτόλμησεν, ἐδίδοσαν οἶκον αὐτῷ τὸν Νάβιδος ἐς πλέον ἢ τάλαντα ἑκατόν·
The causal phrase is coordinated by τε ... καί; ὧν is a genitive relative oblique with ἐτόλμησεν, while ἐς πλέον ἢ τάλαντα ἑκατόν expresses the value/extent of the house.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--PMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 τούτων | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 5 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R | _ | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | case | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ὧν | cc | high | Coordinates the two causal oblique phrases. |
| 7 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | P-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐτόλμησεν | obl | medium | Genitive relative object/source with ἐτόλμησεν; antecedent is contextually understood. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 9 ἀμφοτέρους | case | high | |
| 9 | ἀμφοτέρους | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 11 τυράννους | amod | high | |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 τυράννους | det | high | Plural article with dual-like ἀμφοτέρους. |
| 11 | τυράννους | τύραννος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐτόλμησεν | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἐτόλμησεν | τολμάω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | advcl | high | Aorist active; subject is understood as αὐτός. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐτόλμησεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐδίδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | οἶκον | οἶκος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | obj | high | Object of ἐδίδοσαν. |
| 16 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | iobj | high | |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Νάβιδος | det | high | |
| 18 | Νάβιδος | Νάβις | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 οἶκον | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: ‘the house of Nabis’. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 20 πλέον | case | high | |
| 20 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | obl | medium | Accusative extent/value phrase with ἐς; substantival comparative. |
| 21 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 πλέον | cc | high | Comparative conjunction introducing the measure. |
| 22 | τάλαντα | τάλαντον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 πλέον | obl | medium | Measure/value complement in the comparative phrase. |
| 23 | ἑκατόν | ἑκατόν | NUM | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 τάλαντα | amod | medium | Numeral modifying τάλαντα; indeclinable-looking form. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐδίδοσαν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ὑπερεφρόνησέ τε τῶν χρημάτων καὶ ἐκέλευε τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους θεραπεύειν δόσεσιν ἀνθʼ αὑτοῦ τοὺς ἐν τῷ συλλόγῳ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν πιθανοὺς τῷ πλήθει,
The coordinated verbs ὑπερεφρόνησε and ἐκέλευε share subject ὁ; ἐκέλευε governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction, with θεραπεύειν taking τοὺς πιθανούς as its object and δόσεσιν as instrumental means. The final τῷ πλήθει is dative of respect/measure with πιθανούς; attachment of ἐν τῷ συλλόγῳ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν is to πιθανούς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπερεφρόνησέ | ὑπερφρονέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | cc | high | Correlative coordination with καί. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 χρημάτων | det | high | |
| 6 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπερεφρόνησε. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐκέλευε | cc | high | Coordinates the two finite verbs. |
| 8 | ἐκέλευε | κελεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | conj | high | |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 θεραπεύειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | θεραπεύειν | θεραπεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐκέλευε | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of κελεύω. |
| 12 | δόσεσιν | δόσις | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 θεραπεύειν | obl | high | Instrumental/means dative. |
| 13 | ἀνθʼ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 αὑτοῦ | case | high | Elided before αὑτοῦ. |
| 14 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | RP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 δόσεσιν | nmod | high | Object of ἀντί; phrase means 'instead of him'. |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 πιθανοὺς | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 συλλόγῳ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RD-SNM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 συλλόγῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | συλλόγῳ | σύλλογος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 πιθανοὺς | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 συλλόγῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on συλλόγῳ. |
| 21 | πιθανοὺς | πιθανός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 θεραπεύειν | obj | high | Object of θεραπεύειν; substantivized adjective. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RD-SND | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 πλήθει | det | high | |
| 23 | πλήθει | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 πιθανοὺς | obl | medium | Dative of respect/measure with πιθανούς. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὑπερεφρόνησέ | punct | high |
ταῦτα δὲ ἐς Τιμόλαον αὐτῷ λέγουσιν ὑποσημαίνεσθαι.
The accusative ταῦτα is the subject of the infinitive ὑποσημαίνεσθαι; λέγουσιν is a reporting verb with an implicit/indefinite human subject, and αὐτῷ is the dative recipient or experiencer of the signification. The phrase ἐς Τιμόλαον is an accusative of reference/direction, interpreted as ‘with reference to Timolaus’; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | RD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 7 ὑποσημαίνεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative neuter plural subject of the infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Τιμόλαον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 4 | Τιμόλαον | Τιμόλαος | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 λέγουσιν | obl | medium | Proper name in an ἐς-phrase, likely reference/direction (‘concerning/to Timolaus’). |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ὑποσημαίνεσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative recipient or experiencer of the signification; antecedent/reference is context-dependent. |
| 6 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Reporting verb with an implicit human subject and infinitival complement. |
| 7 | ὑποσημαίνεσθαι | ὑποσημαίνω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Present middle infinitive, ‘to be indicated/signified’; ταῦτα is its accusative subject. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ἀπεδείχθη δὲ καὶ αὖθις Ἀχαιῶν στρατηγῆσαι.
The passive ἀπεδείχθη is construed with the aorist infinitive στρατηγῆσαι; Ἀχαιῶν is a dependent genitive of the command.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπεδείχθη | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | V--API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive indicative; impersonal/passive construction, with the following infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπεδείχθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 αὖθις | advmod | medium | Here additive/adverbial, modifying αὖθις or the predicate. |
| 4 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἀπεδείχθη | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘again’. |
| 5 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 στρατηγῆσαι | nmod | high | Genitive plural ethnic name dependent on στρατηγῆσαι. |
| 6 | στρατηγῆσαι | στρατηγέω | VERB | V--AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἀπεδείχθη | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive complementary to ἀπεδείχθη; ‘to command’. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπεδείχθη | punct | high |