Grammar parses for passage 8.51.4
Open translation for this passage
Ἀντίοχον δὲ ἀπόγονον Σελεύκου τοῦ ὀνομασθέντος Νικάτορος καὶ Σύρων τὴν σὺν αὐτῷ στρατιὰν Μανίου καὶ Ῥωμαίων ἐν Θερμοπύλαις νικησάντων καὶ Ἀρισταίνου τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς τοῦ Μεγαλοπολίτου παραινοῦντος ἐπαινεῖν τὰ Ῥωμαίοις ἀρέσκοντα ἐπὶ παντὶ μηδὲ ἀνθίστασθαί σφισιν ὑπὲρ μηδενός, ὁ Φιλοποίμην ἀπεῖδεν ἐς τὸν Ἀρίσταινον σὺν ὀργῇ καὶ αὐτὸν τῇ Ἑλλάδι ἔφη τὴν πεπρωμένην ἐπιταχύνειν·
Long accusative-and-genitive absolute construction: Ἀντίοχον is the topical accusative subject of the infinitive ἐπιταχύνειν, while the genitive participles νικησάντων and παραινοῦντος frame the circumstances; ἔφη governs the infinitive clause and ὁ Φιλοποίμην is its subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντίοχον | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | Noun-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 54 ἐπιταχύνειν | csubj | medium | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive; topicalized. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπόγονον | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | Noun-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀντίοχον | appos | high | Apposition to Ἀντίοχον. |
| 4 | Σελεύκου | Σέλευκος | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπόγονον | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on ἀπόγονον. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὀνομασθέντος | det | high | |
| 6 | ὀνομασθέντος | ὀνομάζω | VERB | Part-Aor-Pass-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 Σελεύκου | acl | high | Genitive attributive participle modifying Σελεύκου. |
| 7 | Νικάτορος | Νικάτωρ | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὀνομασθέντος | xcomp | high | Predicate complement of ὀνομασθέντος. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 9 Σύρων | cc | high | |
| 9 | Σύρων | Σύρος | NOUN | Noun-Gen-Pl-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of νικησάντων; coordinated with Μανίου καὶ Ῥωμαίων. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 στρατιὰν | det | high | |
| 11 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | Prep | _ | 12 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 12 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pron-Dat-Sg-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 στρατιὰν | obl | high | Prepositional comitative dependent on στρατιάν. |
| 13 | στρατιὰν | στρατιά | NOUN | Noun-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀντίοχον | appos | medium | Apposition to Ἀντίοχον, with σὺν αὐτῷ. |
| 14 | Μανίου | Μάνιος | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 νικησάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of νικησάντων. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 16 Ῥωμαίων | cc | high | |
| 16 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Pl-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of νικησάντων. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 18 Θερμοπύλαις | case | high | |
| 18 | Θερμοπύλαις | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | Noun-Dat-Pl-Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | obl | high | Locative complement of νικησάντων. |
| 19 | νικησάντων | νικάω | VERB | Part-Aor-Act-Gen-Pl-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 παραινοῦντος | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 26 παραινοῦντος | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἀρισταίνου | Ἀρισταῖνος | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παραινοῦντος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of παραινοῦντος. |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-Pl-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | |
| 23 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Noun-Dat-Pl-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 παραινοῦντος | iobj | high | Indirect object of παραινοῦντος. |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Μεγαλοπολίτου | det | high | |
| 25 | Μεγαλοπολίτου | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | Noun-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ἀρισταίνου | appos | high | Apposition identifying Ἀρισταίνου. |
| 26 | παραινοῦντος | παραινέω | VERB | Part-Pres-Act-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle, coordinated with νικησάντων. |
| 27 | ἐπαινεῖν | ἐπαινέω | VERB | Inf-Pres-Act | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 παραινοῦντος | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by παραινοῦντος. |
| 28 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Pl-Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ἀρέσκοντα | det | high | |
| 29 | Ῥωμαίοις | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Noun-Dat-Pl-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἀρέσκοντα | iobj | high | Dative with ἀρέσκοντα. |
| 30 | ἀρέσκοντα | ἀρέσκω | VERB | Part-Pres-Act-Acc-Pl-Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 ἐπαινεῖν | obj | high | Substantivized participle, object of ἐπαινεῖν. |
| 31 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 32 παντὶ | case | high | |
| 32 | παντὶ | πᾶς | ADJ | Adj-Dat-Sg-Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἐπαινεῖν | obl | high | Adverbial phrase ἐπὶ παντί, 'in every respect'. |
| 33 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | cc | high | |
| 34 | ἀνθίστασθαί | ἀνθίστημι | VERB | Inf-Pres-Mid | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 26 παραινοῦντος | xcomp | high | Second infinitive governed by παραινοῦντος. |
| 35 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pron-Dat-Pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | obl | high | Dative complement of ἀνθίστασθαι. |
| 36 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | Prep | _ | 37 μηδενός | case | high | |
| 37 | μηδενός | μηδείς | PRON | Pron-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | obl | high | Prepositional complement, 'for no matter'. |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | punct | high | |
| 39 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 Φιλοποίμην | det | high | |
| 40 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | Noun-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | nsubj | high | |
| 41 | ἀπεῖδεν | ἀφοράω | VERB | Verb-Aor-Act-Ind-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 42 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 44 Ἀρίσταινον | case | high | |
| 43 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 Ἀρίσταινον | det | high | |
| 44 | Ἀρίσταινον | Ἀρίσταινος | PROPN | Noun-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | obl | high | |
| 45 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | Prep | _ | 46 ὀργῇ | case | high | |
| 46 | ὀργῇ | ὀργή | NOUN | Noun-Dat-Sg-Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | obl | high | |
| 47 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 48 αὐτὸν | cc | high | |
| 48 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pron-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 54 ἐπιταχύνειν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive, resumed/emphasized. |
| 49 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-Sg-Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 Ἑλλάδι | det | high | |
| 50 | Ἑλλάδι | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | Noun-Dat-Sg-Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 ἐπιταχύνειν | iobj | high | Dative with ἐπιταχύνειν. |
| 51 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | Verb-Impf-Act-Ind-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | parataxis | high | Speech verb introducing the infinitival assertion. |
| 52 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 53 πεπρωμένην | det | high | |
| 53 | πεπρωμένην | πορεύω | VERB | Part-Perf-Mid-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 54 ἐπιταχύνειν | obj | low | Substantivized/attributive 'destined'; lemma and voice are uncertain in this form. |
| 54 | ἐπιταχύνειν | ἐπιταχύνω | VERB | Inf-Pres-Act | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 51 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Infinitival content clause of ἔφη. |
| 55 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ τοὺς φεύγοντας Μανίου καταδέξασθαι θέλοντος τῷ μὲν ἀντέπραξεν ἐς τὸ βούλευμα, ἐκείνου δὲ ἀπελθόντος τότε ἤδη κατελθεῖν τοὺς φυγάδας ἐφίησιν ἐς Σπάρτην.
The genitive absolute Λακεδαιμονίων ... θέλοντος supplies the concessive/background circumstance; Μανίου is dependent on θέλοντος. τῷ ... μέν is a dative object/argument with ἀντέπραξεν, while the later infinitive κατελθεῖν is its delayed complement with ἐφίησιν. Some attachment of ἐς τὸ βούλευμα is semantically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 θέλοντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φεύγοντας | det | high | |
| 4 | φεύγοντας | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 καταδέξασθαι | obj | high | Substantivized participle, 'the exiles/those fleeing'. |
| 5 | Μανίου | Μάνιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 θέλοντος | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on θέλοντος, likely possessive/subject-related. |
| 6 | καταδέξασθαι | καταδέχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 θέλοντος | xcomp | high | Aorist infinitive complement of θέλοντος. |
| 7 | θέλοντος | θέλω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute predicate; subject is token 1, with Μανίου dependent. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | det | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ is token 16. |
| 10 | ἀντέπραξεν | ἀντιπράσσω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 βούλευμα | case | medium | Preposition with τὸ βούλευμα; exact semantic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 βούλευμα | det | high | |
| 13 | βούλευμα | βούλευμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | obl | medium | Prepositional phrase likely denotes the proposal/decision opposed. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | RD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀπελθόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of genitive absolute. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 17 | ἀπελθόντος | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 ἐφίησιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute predicate. |
| 18 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | advmod | high | |
| 20 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 ἐφίησιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐφίησιν. |
| 21 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 φυγάδας | det | high | |
| 22 | φυγάδας | φυγάς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 κατελθεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 23 | ἐφίησιν | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb, with delayed infinitival complement. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 25 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 κατελθεῖν | obl | high | Destination of κατελθεῖν. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | punct | high |