Grammar parses for passage 8.51.4
Open translation for this passage
Ἀντίοχον δὲ ἀπόγονον Σελεύκου τοῦ ὀνομασθέντος Νικάτορος καὶ Σύρων τὴν σὺν αὐτῷ στρατιὰν Μανίου καὶ Ῥωμαίων ἐν Θερμοπύλαις νικησάντων καὶ Ἀρισταίνου τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς τοῦ Μεγαλοπολίτου παραινοῦντος ἐπαινεῖν τὰ Ῥωμαίοις ἀρέσκοντα ἐπὶ παντὶ μηδὲ ἀνθίστασθαί σφισιν ὑπὲρ μηδενός, ὁ Φιλοποίμην ἀπεῖδεν ἐς τὸν Ἀρίσταινον σὺν ὀργῇ καὶ αὐτὸν τῇ Ἑλλάδι ἔφη τὴν πεπρωμένην ἐπιταχύνειν·
Long periodic sentence with multiple participial genitive absolutes and an accusative-infinitive clause after ἔφη; main finite predicates are ἀπεῖδεν and ἔφη.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντίοχον | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | Ne-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπόγονον | nmod | high | Object of ἀπόγονον in apposition-like genealogy. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπόγονον | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | Ne-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | obj | high | Accusative complement depending on omitted/copular sense with Ἀντίοχον. |
| 4 | Σελεύκου | Σελεύκος | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπόγονον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀπόγονον. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ὀνομασθέντος | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 6 | ὀνομασθέντος | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-APP---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 Σελεύκου | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying Σελεύκου. |
| 7 | Νικάτορος | Νικάτωρ | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὀνομασθέντος | xcomp | medium | Epithet/name complement to ὀνομασθέντος. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 9 Σύρων | cc | high | Connects coordinate genitives. |
| 9 | Σύρων | Σῦρος | PROPN | Ne-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | nmod | medium | Genitive subject in genitive absolute. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 στρατιὰν | det | high | Article with στρατιὰν. |
| 11 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 στρατιὰν | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῷ. |
| 12 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pd-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 σὺν | obl | high | Object of σύν. |
| 13 | στρατιὰν | στρατιά | NOUN | Nb-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 νικησάντων | obj | medium | Accusative object within genitive absolute construction. |
| 14 | Μανίου | Μάνιος | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 νικησάντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject in genitive absolute. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 16 Ῥωμαίων | cc | high | Connects coordinate genitives. |
| 16 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Ne-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject coordinated with Μανίου. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Θερμοπύλαις | case | high | Preposition with Θερμοπύλαις. |
| 18 | Θερμοπύλαις | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | Ne-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 νικησάντων | obl | high | Locative complement in genitive absolute. |
| 19 | νικησάντων | νικάω | VERB | V-AAPPDMG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 21 Ἀρισταίνου | cc | high | Connects coordinate genitives. |
| 21 | Ἀρισταίνου | Ἀρισταῖνος | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παραινοῦντος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject in genitive absolute. |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | Article with Ἀχαιοῖς. |
| 23 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 παραινοῦντος | iobj | high | Dative recipient in genitive absolute. |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 Μεγαλοπολίτου | det | high | Article with Μεγαλοπολίτου. |
| 25 | Μεγαλοπολίτου | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παραινοῦντος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject, appositional ethnic. |
| 26 | παραινοῦντος | παραινέω | VERB | V-PAPGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 27 | ἐπαινεῖν | ἐπαινέω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 παραινοῦντος | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive to παραινοῦντος. |
| 28 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 ἀρέσκοντα | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 29 | Ῥωμαίοις | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Ne-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἀρέσκοντα | obl | high | Dative with ἀρέσκοντα. |
| 30 | ἀρέσκοντα | ἀρέσκω | VERB | V-PAPNPA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 ἐπαινεῖν | obj | high | Participle modifying the neuter accusative object of ἐπαινεῖν. |
| 31 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 32 παντὶ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 32 | παντὶ | πᾶς | ADJ | a-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | obl | high | Dative complement with ἐπὶ. |
| 33 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | d-------- | _ | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | cc | high | Negative coordinate conjunction. |
| 34 | ἀνθίστασθαί | ἀνθίστημι | VERB | V-PMN---N- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 27 ἐπαινεῖν | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive dependent on ἐπαινεῖν. |
| 35 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | obl | high | Dative complement of ἀνθίστασθαί. |
| 36 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 37 μηδενός | case | high | Preposition. |
| 37 | μηδενός | μηδείς | PRON | Px-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 34 ἀνθίστασθαί | obl | high | Genitive object with ὑπέρ. |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 39 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 40 Φιλοποίμην | det | high | Article with Φιλοποίμην. |
| 40 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπεῖδεν. |
| 41 | ἀπεῖδεν | ἀφοράω | VERB | V-AIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 42 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 44 Ἀρίσταινον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 43 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 44 Ἀρίσταινον | det | high | Article with Ἀρίσταινον. |
| 44 | Ἀρίσταινον | Ἀρίσταινος | PROPN | Ne-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | obl | high | Directional object with ἐς. |
| 45 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 46 ὀργῇ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 46 | ὀργῇ | ὀργή | NOUN | Nb-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | obl | high | Comitative/instrumental phrase. |
| 47 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 51 ἔφη | cc | high | Connects coordinated finite clause. |
| 48 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pd-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 51 ἔφη | nsubj | medium | Likely accusative subject in indirect speech or inner object; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 49 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 50 Ἑλλάδι | det | high | Article with Ἑλλάδι. |
| 50 | Ἑλλάδι | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | Ne-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 ἔφη | obl | high | Dative with ἐπιταχύνειν. |
| 51 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | conj | high | Coordinated main verb with ἀπεῖδεν. |
| 52 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 53 πεπρωμένην | det | high | Article with πεπρωμένην. |
| 53 | πεπρωμένην | προορίζω | VERB | V-RPPNFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 54 ἐπιταχύνειν | obj | high | Participle used adjectivally, modifying fate. |
| 54 | ἐπιταχύνειν | ἐπιταχύνω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 51 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔφη. |
| 55 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἀπεῖδεν | punct | high | End punctuation. |
Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ τοὺς φεύγοντας Μανίου καταδέξασθαι θέλοντος τῷ μὲν ἀντέπραξεν ἐς τὸ βούλευμα, ἐκείνου δὲ ἀπελθόντος τότε ἤδη κατελθεῖν τοὺς φυγάδας ἐφίησιν ἐς Σπάρτην.
The sentence contains two genitive absolute constructions (Μανίου θέλοντος... and ἐκείνου ἀπελθόντος...), and the second main clause is coordinated to the first through semantic contrast rather than an explicit coordinator at the verb level.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 θέλοντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive absolute subject; proper name used substantively for Spartans. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 φεύγοντας | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 4 | φεύγοντας | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 καταδέξασθαι | obj | medium | Accusative participle with infinitive; likely object of καταδέξασθαι. |
| 5 | Μανίου | Μάνιος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 θέλοντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 6 | καταδέξασθαι | καταδέχομαι | VERB | V-ANM---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 θέλοντος | xcomp | high | Complement of θέλοντος. |
| 7 | θέλοντος | θέλω | VERB | V-PAP-MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Μανίου. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 βούλευμα | det | high | Article modifying βούλευμα. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | ἀντέπραξεν | ἀντιπράσσω | VERB | V-IAA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 βούλευμα | case | high | Preposition governing βούλευμα. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 βούλευμα | det | high | Article with βούλευμα. |
| 13 | βούλευμα | βούλευμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἀντέπραξεν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | DET | RD-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 17 ἀπελθόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject, referring to Manius. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 17 | ἀπελθόντος | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ἐφίησιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with ἐκείνου. |
| 18 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ἐφίησιν. |
| 19 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 23 ἐφίησιν | advmod | high | Aspectual adverb modifying ἐφίησιν. |
| 20 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἐφίησιν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with ἐφίησιν. |
| 21 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 φυγάδας | det | high | Article with φυγάδας. |
| 22 | φυγάδας | φυγάς | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 κατελθεῖν | obj | high | Object of κατελθεῖν. |
| 23 | ἐφίησιν | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | conj | high | Second main verbal predicate coordinated with ἀντέπραξεν. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 Σπάρτην | case | high | Preposition governing Σπάρτην. |
| 25 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἐφίησιν | obl | high | Goal/location phrase with ἐς. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀντέπραξεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |