Grammar parses for passage 8.52.1
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ἤδη τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο ἐς ἀνδρῶν ἀγαθῶν φορὰν ἔληξεν ἡ Ἑλλάς.
ἔληξεν is used intransitively: Greece ceased in its production/supply of good men; τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο forms a substantivized temporal phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἔληξεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 ἔληξεν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 μετὰ | det | high | Substantivizes the following prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 φορὰν | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | RD-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 μετὰ | obl | high | Object of μετά; phrase means 'after this'. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 φορὰν | case | high | |
| 7 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 φορὰν | nmod | high | |
| 8 | ἀγαθῶν | ἀγαθός | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | |
| 9 | φορὰν | φορά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔληξεν | obl | high | Accusative of extent/result with εἰς. |
| 10 | ἔληξεν | λήγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Ἑλλάς | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἑλλάς | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔληξεν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔληξεν | punct | high |
Μιλτιάδης μὲν γὰρ ὁ Κίμωνος τούς τε ἐς Μαραθῶνα ἀποβάντας τῶν βαρβάρων κρατήσας μάχῃ καὶ τοῦ πρόσω τὸν Μήδων ἐπισχὼν στόλον ἐγένετο εὐεργέτης πρῶτος κοινῇ τῆς Ἑλλάδος, Φιλοποίμην δὲ ὁ Κραύγιδος ἔσχατος·
The second coordinated member is elliptical: Φιλοποίμην is accusative with an understood infinitival/copular construction, while ἔσχατος is nominative and functions as the contrasting predicate; the exact attachment is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μιλτιάδης | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 Μιλτιάδης | discourse | high | |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 22 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Κίμωνος | det | high | |
| 5 | Κίμωνος | Κίμων | PROPN | N--SΜG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Μιλτιάδης | appos | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 6 | τούς | ὁ | DET | S--PMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀποβάντας | det | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 τούς | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Μαραθῶνα | case | high | |
| 9 | Μαραθῶνα | Μαραθών | PROPN | N--SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποβάντας | obl | high | |
| 10 | ἀποβάντας | ἀποβαίνω | VERB | V--PAPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 κρατήσας | obj | high | Substantivized participle, object of κρατήσας. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 βαρβάρων | det | high | |
| 12 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | ADJ | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀποβάντας | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 13 | κρατήσας | κρατέω | VERB | V--SAPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 22 ἐγένετο | advcl | high | |
| 14 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N--SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 κρατήσας | obl | high | Dative of means/manner. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἐπισχὼν | cc | high | |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 πρόσω | det | medium | Article nominalized with πρόσω. |
| 17 | πρόσω | πρόσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἐπισχὼν | advmod | medium | Adverbial expression τοῦ πρόσω, ‘further onward’; article is substantivizing/genitival. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S--SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 στόλον | det | high | |
| 19 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | N--PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 στόλον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στόλον. |
| 20 | ἐπισχὼν | ἐπέχω | VERB | V--SAPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 22 ἐγένετο | advcl | high | |
| 21 | στόλον | στόλος | NOUN | N--SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπισχὼν | obj | high | |
| 22 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2SAIM | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | εὐεργέτης | εὐεργέτης | NOUN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative. |
| 24 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--SMN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 εὐεργέτης | amod | high | Predicative adjective modifying εὐεργέτης. |
| 25 | κοινῇ | κοινῇ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Adverbial, ‘in common/publicly’. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Ἑλλάδος | det | high | |
| 27 | Ἑλλάδος | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N--SFG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 εὐεργέτης | nmod | high | |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 29 | Φιλοποίμην | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | N--SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἔσχατος | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of an omitted/copular clause; elliptical counterpart to Μιλτιάδης. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἔσχατος | cc | high | |
| 31 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 Κραύγιδος | det | high | |
| 32 | Κραύγιδος | Κραύγις | PROPN | N--SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Φιλοποίμην | appos | medium | Patronymic/genitival identification; article may reflect a substantivized patronymic phrase. |
| 33 | ἔσχατος | ἔσχατος | ADJ | A--SMN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐγένετο | conj | medium | Elliptical predicate corresponding to εὐεργέτης πρῶτος; agreement is anomalous with accusative Φιλοποίμην, likely due to textual/syntactic ellipsis. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐγένετο | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ πρότερον Μιλτιάδου λαμπρὰ ἔργα ἀποδειξάμενοι, Κόδρος τε ὁ Μελάνθου καὶ ὁ Σπαρτιάτης Πολύδωρος καὶ Ἀριστομένης ὁ Μεσσήνιος καὶ εἰ δή τις ἄλλος, πατρίδας ἕκαστοι τὰς αὑτῶν καὶ οὐκ ἀθρόαν φανοῦνται τὴν Ἑλλάδα ὠφελήσαντες.
The nominative participial subjects are coordinated appositively; φανοῦνται is future middle/deponent with ἕκαστοι as subject, while ὠφελήσαντες is a supplementary/conjoined circumstantial participle sharing that subject. πατρίδας ... τὰς αὑτῶν is the object of ὠφελήσαντες; λαμπρὰ ἔργα is the object of ἀποδειξάμενοι, with Μιλτιάδου dependent genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T- NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἀποδειξάμενοι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 34 φανοῦνται | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D | _ | 7 ἀποδειξάμενοι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔργα | nmod | high | |
| 5 | λαμπρὰ | λαμπρός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔργα | amod | high | |
| 6 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἀποδειξάμενοι | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἀποδειξάμενοι | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 34 φανοῦνται | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle; subject is the coordinated nominative group. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀποδειξάμενοι | punct | high | |
| 9 | Κόδρος | Κόδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἕκαστοι | appos | high | |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 Κόδρος | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Κόδρος | det | high | |
| 12 | Μελάνθου | Μέλανθος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Κόδρος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 Κόδρος | cc | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Σπαρτιάτης | det | high | |
| 15 | Σπαρτιάτης | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Πολύδωρος | compound | high | Ethnic/name modifier. |
| 16 | Πολύδωρος | Πολύδωρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἕκαστοι | conj | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 Πολύδωρος | cc | high | |
| 18 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἕκαστοι | conj | high | |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Μεσσήνιος | det | high | |
| 20 | Μεσσήνιος | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἀριστομένης | appos | high | Ethnic apposition. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 18 Ἀριστομένης | cc | high | |
| 22 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C | _ | 24 τις | mark | high | |
| 23 | δή | δή | PART | X | _ | 24 τις | discourse | high | |
| 24 | τις | τις | PRON | X-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 25 ἄλλος | nsubj | medium | Indefinite subject of the omitted/copular predicate with ἄλλος. |
| 25 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 28 ἕκαστοι | conj | medium | Substantivized adjective in the coordinated nominative list. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἄλλος | punct | high | |
| 27 | πατρίδας | πατρίς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 37 ὠφελήσαντες | obj | high | |
| 28 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 34 φανοῦνται | nsubj | high | Distributive subject; resumes the preceding named persons. |
| 29 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 πατρίδας | det | high | |
| 30 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | X- GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 27 πατρίδας | nmod | medium | Reflexive possessive genitive; form is syncretic. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 34 φανοῦνται | cc | high | |
| 32 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 33 ἀθρόαν | advmod | high | |
| 33 | ἀθρόαν | ἀθρόος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 Ἑλλάδα | amod | high | Predicative/qualifying accusative with Ἑλλάδα. |
| 34 | φανοῦνται | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-FMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Future middle/deponent: 'will appear'. |
| 35 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 36 Ἑλλάδα | det | high | |
| 36 | Ἑλλάδα | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ὠφελήσαντες | obj | high | |
| 37 | ὠφελήσαντες | ὠφελέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 φανοῦνται | conj | medium | Conjoined/circumstantial participle sharing the subject; its object is Ἑλλάδα, with πατρίδας as an additional object. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 φανοῦνται | punct | high |