Grammar parses for passage 8.52.3
Open translation for this passage
Ξάνθιππος δὲ ὁ Ἀρίφρονος καὶ Κίμων, ὁ μὲν ὁμοῦ Λεωτυχίδῃ τῷ βασιλεύοντι ἐν Σπάρτῃ τὸ Μήδων ναυτικὸν ἔφθειρεν ἐν Μυκάλῃ, Κίμωνι δὲ πολλὰ καὶ ἄξια ζήλου κατειργασμένα ἐστὶν ὑπὲρ τῶν Ἑλλήνων.
The sentence has two coordinated main clauses; the second uses a copular construction with a participial complement, and the first clause includes an appositive/relative-style participial modifier around Λεωτυχίδῃ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ξάνθιππος | Ξάνθιππος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔφθειρεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔφθειρεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 Ξάνθιππος | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 1 Ξάνθιππος | det | high | Article with Ξάνθιππος. |
| 4 | Ἀρίφρονος | Ἀρίφρων | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ξάνθιππος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive modifying Ξάνθιππος. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Κίμων | cc | high | Connects the two subjects. |
| 6 | Κίμων | Κίμων | PROPN | NNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ξάνθιππος | conj | high | Co-subject with Ξάνθιππος. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 Ξάνθιππος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ἔφθειρεν | det | medium | Article introducing the participial relative clause. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 8 ὁ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 19 ἔφθειρεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔφθειρεν. |
| 11 | Λεωτυχίδῃ | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | NNP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔφθειρεν | iobj | high | Dative with concomitant ὁμοῦ. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 βασιλεύοντι | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 13 | βασιλεύοντι | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PPP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 Λεωτυχίδῃ | acl | high | Participial modifier of Λεωτυχίδῃ. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Σπάρτῃ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 15 | Σπάρτῃ | Σπάρτη | PROPN | NNP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 βασιλεύοντι | obl | high | Locative complement of βασιλεύοντι. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ναυτικὸν | det | high | Article with ναυτικόν. |
| 17 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ναυτικὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ναυτικόν. |
| 18 | ναυτικὸν | ναυτικός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔφθειρεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔφθειρεν; adjective used substantively. |
| 19 | ἔφθειρεν | φθείρω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate of the first clause. |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Μυκάλῃ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 21 | Μυκάλῃ | Μυκάλη | PROPN | NNP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἔφθειρεν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἔφθειρεν. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔφθειρεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | Κίμωνι | Κίμων | PROPN | NNP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative of reference/sphere with ἐστίν. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 23 Κίμωνι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 25 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 κατειργασμένα | obj | medium | Object/complement of κατειργασμένα; could also be adverbial in sense. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἄξια | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives. |
| 27 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 κατειργασμένα | xcomp | medium | Predicate complement to κατειργασμένα. |
| 28 | ζήλου | ζῆλος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἄξια | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄξια. |
| 29 | κατειργασμένα | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RPP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 30 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Participial complement of ἐστίν; agreement is somewhat irregular in context. |
| 30 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 31 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Preposition. |
| 32 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 33 Ἑλλήνων | det | high | Article with Ἑλλήνων. |
| 33 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ὑπέρ. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοὺς δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ Πελοποννησιακοῦ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους πολέμου, καὶ μάλιστα αὐτῶν τοὺς εὐδοκιμήσαντας, φαίη τις ἂν αὐτόχειρας καὶ ὅτι ἐγγύτατα καταποντιστὰς εἶναι σφᾶς τῆς Ἑλλάδος.
The clause is structurally compressed: φαίη governs a predicative complement with an infinitival clause, and the ὅτι + infinitive sequence is best taken as explanatory/appositional to the same complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 φαίη | obj | high | Article with implied/predicative object; governs the participial phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 φαίη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 πολέμου | case | high | Introduces temporal phrase. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πολέμου | det | high | Article with πολέμου. |
| 5 | Πελοποννησιακοῦ | Πελοποννησιακός | ADJ | A-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πολέμου | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πολέμου. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 πολέμου | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀθηναίους. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 πολέμου | obl | high | Used substantively with πρὸς. |
| 8 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 φαίη | obl | high | Genitive temporal phrase dependent on φαίη. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 φαίη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 αὐτόχειρας | cc | high | Links coordinated predicative complement. |
| 11 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 αὐτόχειρας | advmod | high | Modifies the predicative adjective/noun. |
| 12 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 εὐδοκιμήσαντας | nmod | high | Genitive of reference/possession with εὐδοκιμήσαντας. |
| 13 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 εὐδοκιμήσαντας | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 14 | εὐδοκιμήσαντας | εὐδοκιμέω | VERB | V-AAP-AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 αὐτόχειρας | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying the understood accusative group. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 φαίη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | φαίη | φημί | VERB | V-PAO-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb in potential optative with ἄν. |
| 17 | τις | τις | PRON | P-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 φαίη | nsubj | high | Indefinite subject. |
| 18 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | B-------- | _ | 16 φαίη | advmod | high | Modal particle. |
| 19 | αὐτόχειρας | αὐτόχειρ | ADJ | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 φαίη | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with εἶναι; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 αὐτόχειρας | cc | high | Coordination within the complement phrase. |
| 21 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 εἶναι | mark | high | Introduces the complement clause. |
| 22 | ἐγγύτατα | ἐγγύτατα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 23 καταποντιστὰς | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying καταποντιστὰς. |
| 23 | καταποντιστὰς | καταποντιστής | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicative complement with εἶναι. |
| 24 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 φαίη | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement after ὅτι. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Ἑλλάδος | det | high | Article with Ἑλλάδος. |
| 27 | Ἑλλάδος | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 καταποντιστὰς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of καταποντιστὰς. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 φαίη | punct | high | Punctuation. |