Grammar parses for passage 8.54.4
Open translation for this passage
ἡ δὲ εὐθεῖα ἡ ἐπὶ Θυρέαν τε καὶ κώμας τὰς ἐν τῇ Θυρεάτιδι ἐκ Τεγέας παρείχετο ἐς συγγραφὴν Ὀρέστου τοῦ Ἀγαμέμνονος μνῆμα, καὶ ὑφελέσθαι Σπαρτιάτην τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτόθεν οἱ Τεγεᾶται λέγουσι·
The coordinated subject ἡ εὐθεῖα governs παρείχετο; the infinitive ὑφελέσθαι is a reported-content complement of λέγουσι, with Σπαρτιάτην as its accusative subject and τὰ ὀστᾶ as object. Token 22 μνῆμα is an appositional/clarifying accusative destination or object associated with ἐς συγγραφήν; the exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εὐθεῖα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 παρείχετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εὐθεῖα | εὐθύς | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 παρείχετο | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the straight road'. |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εὐθεῖα | det | high | Repeated article introducing the attributive specification. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 6 Θυρέαν | case | high | |
| 6 | Θυρέαν | Θυρέα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 εὐθεῖα | nmod | high | First destination in the road's specification. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Θυρέαν | cc | high | Coordinates destination phrases. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 κώμας | cc | high | Coordinates κώμας with Θυρέαν. |
| 9 | κώμας | κώμη | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 εὐθεῖα | nmod | high | Coordinated destination noun. |
| 10 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 κώμας | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 13 Θυρεάτιδι | case | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Θυρεάτιδι | det | high | |
| 13 | Θυρεάτιδι | Θυρεᾶτις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κώμας | nmod | high | Specifies the location of the villages. |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 15 Τεγέας | case | high | |
| 15 | Τεγέας | Τεγέα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 παρείχετο | obl | high | Source point of the road's extension. |
| 16 | παρείχετο | παρέχω | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | P | _ | 18 συγγραφὴν | case | high | |
| 18 | συγγραφὴν | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 παρείχετο | obl | medium | Accusative destination/extent; semantic relation to παρείχετο is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 19 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Ἀγαμέμνονος | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἀγαμέμνονος | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Ὀρέστου | nmod | high | Patronymic/appositional genitive with Ὀρέστου. |
| 22 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 συγγραφὴν | appos | medium | Likely appositional clarification of the destination/content; attachment is not fully determinate. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 παρείχετο | punct | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 λέγουσι | cc | high | Coordinates the reported proposition with the following one. |
| 25 | ὑφελέσθαι | ὑφαιρέω | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 32 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitive of reported speech governed by λέγουσι. |
| 26 | Σπαρτιάτην | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ὑφελέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 27 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 28 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ὑφελέσθαι | obj | high | Object of ὑφελέσθαι. |
| 29 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | D | AdvType=Loc | 25 ὑφελέσθαι | advmod | high | 'From that very place'. |
| 30 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 32 λέγουσι | iobj | medium | Likely ethical/experiencer dative, 'they say to us'; antecedent/context may determine interpretation. |
| 31 | Τεγεᾶται | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 32 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb; coordinated narrative material precedes it. |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 λέγουσι | punct | high |
καθʼ ἡμᾶς δὲ οὐκέτι πυλῶν ἐντὸς ἐγίνετο ὁ τάφος.
The clause means that, in our time, the tomb was no longer inside the gates; ἐντός governs πυλῶν, and ἐγίνετο is the imperfect existential/copular predicate with τάφος as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 2 ἡμᾶς | case | high | |
| 2 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 7 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | Accusative with κατά in the temporal sense ‘in our time’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐγίνετο | cc | high | |
| 4 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἐγίνετο | advmod | high | |
| 5 | πυλῶν | πύλη | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἐντὸς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐντός. |
| 6 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | ADV | Case=Gen | 7 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | Adverbial preposition governing the following genitive. |
| 7 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3S-I。因此 | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect existential/presentational use: ‘was/was found’. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 τάφος | det | high | |
| 9 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐγίνετο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγίνετο | punct | high |
ῥεῖ δὲ καὶ Γαράτης ποταμὸς κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν·
The clause means that the river Garates also flows along the road; Γαράτης is analyzed as a proper-name modifier of ποταμός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ῥεῖ | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb meaning 'flows'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ῥεῖ | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Γαράτης | cc | high | Additive coordinating particle modifying the subject phrase. |
| 4 | Γαράτης | Γαράτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ποταμὸς | nmod | medium | Proper-name modifier identifying the river. |
| 5 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ῥεῖ | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of ῥεῖ; Γαράτης is its proper-name modifier. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ὁδόν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὁδόν | det | high | Article agreeing with ὁδόν. |
| 8 | ὁδόν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ῥεῖ | obl | high | Accusative object of κατά in a prepositional phrase. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ῥεῖ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
διαβάντι δὲ τὸν Γαράτην καὶ προελθόντι σταδίους δέκα Πανός ἐστιν ἱερὸν καὶ πρὸς αὐτῷ δρῦς, ἱερὰ καὶ αὕτη τοῦ Πανός.
The sentence has an articular participial temporal frame: διαβάντι ... καὶ προελθόντι ...; Πανός ἐστιν ἱερόν is existential/predicative, with the following καὶ ... δρῦς coordinated to ἱερόν and the second clause identifying the oak as sacred to Pan. The participles are dative, likely agreeing with an implicit traveler; σταδίους δέκα is an accusative measure phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαβάντι | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 προελθόντι | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle; exact tense form is conventionally διαβάντι, with an implicit traveler. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 προελθόντι | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Γαράτην | det | high | |
| 4 | Γαράτην | Γαράτης | PROPN | N-ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 διαβάντι | obj | medium | Proper place-name; lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 προελθόντι | cc | high | |
| 6 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Dative participle agreeing with the implicit subject of the journey frame. |
| 7 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προελθόντι | obl | high | Accusative measure/distance phrase. |
| 8 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 7 σταδίους | nummod | high | Numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 9 | Πανός | Πάν | PROPN | N-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive of dedication/association: sanctuary of Pan. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, subject/predicative noun of εἰμί. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 δρῦς | cc | high | |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 δρῦς | obl | medium | Likely spatial phrase ‘beside it’; neuter refers to the sanctuary. |
| 15 | δρῦς | δρῦς | NOUN | N-NSF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Coordinated nominal with ἱερόν in the existential construction. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | ADJ | A--NSF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 αὕτη | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with δρῦς; substantival/predicative ‘sacred’. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 αὕτη | cc | high | |
| 19 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | P---NSF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | parataxis | medium | Demonstrative subject of the verbless second assertion; ἐστιν is understood. |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Πανός | det | high | |
| 21 | Πανός | Πάν | PROPN | N-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἱερὰ | nmod | high | Genitive of dedication/association with ἱερά. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |