Grammar parses for passage 8.6.5
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ ἐκ τῶν Μελαγγείων, ἀπέχοντι τῆς πόλεως στάδια ὡς ἑπτὰ ἔστι κρήνη καλουμένη Μελιαστῶν·
The opening dative participles are best treated as circumstantial modifiers of the existential clause, with an implicit traveler/person as their shared understood subject; στάδια ὡς ἑπτά expresses an approximate distance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAPMSD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 13 ἔστι | advcl | high | Aorist active dative participle, agreeing with an implicit male traveler/person. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Μελαγγείων | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 Μελαγγείων | det | high | |
| 5 | Μελαγγείων | Μελάγγεια | PROPN | NP---GN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | Place-name in the genitive plural. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 προελθόντι | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἀπέχοντι | ἀπέχω | VERB | V--PAPMSD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 13 ἔστι | advcl | medium | Present active dative participle, coordinated semantically with προελθόντι; expresses distance from the city. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 9 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέχοντι | obl | high | Genitive of separation/distance with ἀπέχοντι. |
| 10 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | N--NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπέχοντι | obl | medium | Neuter plural measure expression, likely functioning as a distance complement with ἀπέχοντι. |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἑπτὰ | advmod | high | Approximative adverb, 'about'. |
| 12 | ἑπτὰ | ἑπτά | NUM | M----A- | NumType=Card | 10 στάδια | nummod | high | |
| 13 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular main verb. |
| 14 | κρήνη | κρήνη | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Existential subject. |
| 15 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPNFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 14 κρήνη | acl | high | Passive participle agreeing with κρήνη. |
| 16 | Μελιαστῶν | Μελιασταί | PROPN | NP---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 καλουμένη | obl | medium | Genitive name associated with the designation Μελιαστῶν; exact semantic relation is uncertain. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔστι | punct | high |
οἱ Μελιασταὶ δὲ οὗτοι δρῶσι τὰ ὄργια τοῦ Διονύσου,
Simple clause: οἱ Μελιασταὶ δὲ οὗτοι is the subject, δρῶσι the finite verb, and τὰ ὄργια τοῦ Διονύσου its accusative object with genitive possessor.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-—-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 2 Μελιασταὶ | det | high | |
| 2 | Μελιασταὶ | Μελιασταί | PROPN | N-P---MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 δρῶσι | nsubj | medium | Cultic group name; treated as a proper noun. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 δρῶσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 Μελιασταὶ | appos | high | Demonstrative apposition to Μελιασταί. |
| 5 | δρῶσι | δράω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-—-NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ὄργια | det | high | |
| 7 | ὄργια | ὄργιον | NOUN | N-ANP--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 δρῶσι | obj | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-—-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Διονύσου | det | high | |
| 9 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὄργια | nmod | high | Possessive genitive dependent on ὄργια. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 δρῶσι | punct | high |
καὶ Διονύσου τε μέγαρον πρὸς τῇ κρήνῃ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶν ἱερὸν Μελαινίδος.
The copular predicate coordinates μέγαρον and ἱερόν; πρὸς τῇ κρήνῃ modifies μέγαρον, while Διονύσου τε and Ἀφροδίτης Μελαινίδος are genitives dependent on their respective sacred-building nouns. The coordination scope is somewhat compressed, so attachment of τε is treated as linking the two genitival phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 μέγαρον | cc | high | |
| 2 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μέγαρον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μέγαρον. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 καὶ | cc | medium | Postpositive coordinator linking the two coordinated descriptions. |
| 4 | μέγαρον | μέγαρον | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | First nominative subject/predicate nominal with εἰμί. |
| 5 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 7 κρήνῃ | case | high | |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RAFS---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κρήνῃ | det | high | |
| 7 | κρήνῃ | κρήνη | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μέγαρον | obl | high | Locative/directional adjunct with πρός. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 9 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 10 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated second nominative nominal; substantivized/elliptical noun sense ‘sanctuary’. |
| 12 | Μελαινίδος | Μελανῖτις | PROPN | A--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἱερὸν | nmod | medium | Epithet/name of Aphrodite, agreeing semantically with Ἀφροδίτης; treated as a dependent genitive apposition. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ἐπίκλησιν δὲ ἡ θεὸς ταύτην κατʼ ἄλλο μὲν ἔσχεν οὐδέν, ὅτι δὲ ἀνθρώπων μὴ τὰ πάντα αἱ μίξεις ὥσπερ τοῖς κτήνεσι μεθʼ ἡμέραν, τὰ πλείω δέ εἰσιν ἐν νυκτί.
The sentence has a somewhat elliptical explanatory clause after ὅτι: μὴ τὰ πάντα modifies the subject-like αἱ μίξεις, with comparison to animal mating; τὰ πλείω εἰσιν ἐν νυκτί supplies the explicit predicate. ἔσχεν takes ἐπίκλησιν as object and ταύτην as predicative/object-oriented complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔσχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 4 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Feminine noun despite masculine-looking form. |
| 5 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | RD-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative agreeing with ἐπίκλησιν; alternatively analyzed as an object pronoun. |
| 6 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 7 ἄλλο | case | high | |
| 7 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter with κατά; phrase means 'in another respect'. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἄλλο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3IAI- Act | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist indicative. |
| 10 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter: 'nothing else'. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔσχεν | mark | high | Introduces explanatory clause. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 μίξεις | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 μίξεις | nmod | medium | Genitive of comparison/reference: 'among humans'. |
| 15 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | _ | 19 μίξεις | advmod | medium | Negates the generalized proposition. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 πάντα | det | high | |
| 17 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 μίξεις | nsubj | medium | Substantivized: 'all [the times/couplings]'; exact syntactic relation is elliptical. |
| 18 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 μίξεις | det | high | |
| 19 | μίξεις | μίξις | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 εἰσιν | nsubj | medium | Subject of εἰσιν in the explicit second predicate; construction is compressed. |
| 20 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 μίξεις | mark | high | Introduces comparative clause/phrase. |
| 21 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 κτήνεσι | det | high | |
| 22 | κτήνεσι | κτῆνος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ὥσπερ | obl | high | Dative of comparison/reference. |
| 23 | μεθʼ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 24 ἡμέραν | case | high | |
| 24 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μίξεις | obl | high | Temporal accusative: 'by day'. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 μίξεις | punct | high | |
| 26 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 πλείω | det | high | |
| 27 | πλείω | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 εἰσιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized comparative, 'the greater part'; accusative may reflect an elliptical construction. |
| 28 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 εἰσιν | cc | high | |
| 29 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3PAI- Act | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ὅτι | ccomp | high | Explicit predicate of the explanatory clause. |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 31 νυκτί | case | high | |
| 31 | νυκτί | νύξ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 εἰσιν | obl | high | Locative/time phrase: 'at night'. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔσχεν | punct | high |