Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 8.7.2

← 8.7.18.7.3 →

Passage 8.7.2

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
63Greek tokens
2,886input tokens
4,777output tokens
Sentence 1

8.7.2 sentence 1

Tokens
8
Input
642
Output
608
Total
1,250

ἀφανισθὲν δὲ ἐνταῦθα ἄνεισι κατὰ τὴν Δίνην·

The participle ἀφανισθὲν is treated as a circumstantial modifier of the main verb ἄνεισι; the exact semantic relation is slightly context-dependent.

punct advcl obl discourse advmod case det root 1 ἀφανισθὲν ἀφανίζω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 4 ἄνεισι ἀνέρχομαι / VERB 5 κατὰ κατά / ADP 6 τὴν ὁ / DET 7 Δίνην Δίνη / PROPN 8 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀφανισθὲνἀφανίζωVERBV-AAPN-SNAspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Voice=Pass4 ἄνεισιadvclmediumLikely circumstantial participle, though case agreement is somewhat uncertain in isolation.
2δὲδέPARTG--------_4 ἄνεισιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD--------_4 ἄνεισιadvmodhighLocative adverb modifying the verb.
4ἄνεισιἀνέρχομαιVERBV-PAI-3SAspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the sentence.
5κατὰκατάADPR--------_4 ἄνεισιcasehighPreposition governing the following noun phrase.
6τὴνDETL-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art7 ΔίνηνdethighDefinite article modifying the place name.
7ΔίνηνΔίνηPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ἄνεισιoblhighObject of the preposition κατά.
8··PUNCT__4 ἄνεισιpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 2

8.7.2 sentence 2

Tokens
17
Input
728
Output
1,291
Total
2,019

ἔστι δὲ ἡ Δίνη κατὰ τὸ Γενέθλιον καλούμενον τῆς Ἀργολίδος, ὕδωρ γλυκὺ ἐκ θαλάσσης ἀνερχόμενον.

The sentence is a copular/existential statement with Δίνη as the main nominal and ὕδωρ as an appositive explanation; the participial phrase καλούμενον τῆς Ἀργολίδος is somewhat loose syntactically.

punct appos punct acl cop nmod case obl discourse det det acl det amod case obl root 1 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ὁ / DET 4 Δίνη Δίνη / PROPN 5 κατὰ κατά / ADP 6 τὸ ὁ / DET 7 Γενέθλιον Γενέθλιος / ADJ 8 καλούμενον καλέω / VERB 9 τῆς ὁ / DET 10 Ἀργολίδος Ἀργολίς / PROPN 11 , , / PUNCT 12 ὕδωρ ὕδωρ / NOUN 13 γλυκὺ γλυκύς / ADJ 14 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 15 θαλάσσης θάλασσα / NOUN 16 ἀνερχόμενον ἀνέρχομαι / VERB 17 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἔστιεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act4 ΔίνηcophighCopular/existential use with inverted order.
2δὲδέPART__1 ἔστιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3DET_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 ΔίνηdethighArticle modifying Δίνη.
4ΔίνηΔίνηPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighMain predicate nominal with copula ἔστι.
5κατὰκατάADP__7 ΓενέθλιονcasehighPreposition governing accusative phrase.
6τὸDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art7 ΓενέθλιονdethighArticle modifying Γενέθλιον.
7ΓενέθλιονΓενέθλιοςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 κατὰoblmediumUsed substantively; place-name/descriptor after κατά.
8καλούμενονκαλέωVERBV-PPM-NNSCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid7 ΓενέθλιονaclmediumAttributive participle likely modifying Γενέθλιον.
9τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 ἈργολίδοςdethighArticle modifying Ἀργολίδος.
10ἈργολίδοςἈργολίςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ΓενέθλιονnmodhighGenitive dependent of Γενέθλιον.
11,,PUNCT__4 ΔίνηpuncthighPunctuation.
12ὕδωρὕδωρNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 ΔίνηapposhighAppositive/explanatory noun phrase to Δίνη.
13γλυκὺγλυκύςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing12 ὕδωρamodhighAdjectival modifier of ὕδωρ.
14ἐκἐκADP__15 θαλάσσηςcasehighPreposition governing genitive.
15θαλάσσηςθάλασσαNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ἀνερχόμενονoblhighPrepositional complement of ἀνερχόμενον.
16ἀνερχόμενονἀνέρχομαιVERBV-PPM-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid12 ὕδωρaclmediumParticipial modifier of ὕδωρ.
17..PUNCT__4 ΔίνηpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

8.7.2 sentence 3

Tokens
16
Input
727
Output
1,201
Total
1,928

τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον καὶ καθίεσαν ἐς τὴν Δίνην τῷ Ποσειδῶνι ἵππους οἱ Ἀργεῖοι κεκοσμημένους χαλινοῖς.

The syntax is straightforward overall, but the accusative ἀρχαῖον and the dative Ποσειδῶνι are somewhat interpretive; both are attached as adverbial/oblique dependents of the main verb.

punct nsubj obj obl discourse obl amod det obj cc case det det det obl root 1 τὸ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἀρχαῖον ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 καθίεσαν καθίημι / VERB 6 ἐς εἰς / ADP 7 τὴν ὁ / DET 8 Δίνην Δίνη / PROPN 9 τῷ ὁ / DET 10 Ποσειδῶνι Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 11 ἵππους ἵππος / NOUN 12 οἱ ὁ / DET 13 Ἀργεῖοι Ἀργεῖος / PROPN 14 κεκοσμημένους κοσμέω / VERB 15 χαλινοῖς χαλινός / NOUN 16 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ἀρχαῖονdethighArticular neuter singular agreeing with ἀρχαῖον.
2δὲδέPART__5 καθίεσανdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἀρχαῖονἀρχαῖοςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 καθίεσανobjlowLikely substantivized 'in ancient times'; syntax somewhat uncertain.
4καὶκαίCCONJ__5 καθίεσανcchighCoordinates with preceding adverbial expression.
5καθίεσανκαθίημιVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the clause.
6ἐςεἰςADP__5 καθίεσανcasehighPreposition governing τὴν Δίνην.
7τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art8 ΔίνηνdethighArticle with Δίνην.
8ΔίνηνΔίνηPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 καθίεσανoblhighGoal of motion with ἐς.
9τῷDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 ΠοσειδῶνιdethighArticle with Ποσειδῶνι.
10ΠοσειδῶνιΠοσειδῶνPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 καθίεσανoblmediumDative of indirect object / dedication; relation to καθίεσαν somewhat interpretive.
11ἵππουςἵπποςNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 καθίεσανobjhighDirect object.
12οἱDET_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art13 ἈργεῖοιdethighArticle with Ἀργεῖοι.
13ἈργεῖοιἈργεῖοςPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 καθίεσανnsubjhighSubject.
14κεκοσμημένουςκοσμέωVERB_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass11 ἵππουςamodhighAttributive participle modifying ἵππους.
15χαλινοῖςχαλινόςNOUN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur14 κεκοσμημένουςoblmediumLikely instrumental/comitative dative with the participle.
16..PUNCT__5 καθίεσανpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

8.7.2 sentence 4

Tokens
22
Input
789
Output
1,677
Total
2,466

γλυκὺ δὲ ὕδωρ ἐν θαλάσσῃ δῆλόν ἐστιν ἐνταῦθά τε ἀνιὸν ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι καὶ ἐν τῇ Θεσπρωτίδι κατὰ τὸ Χειμέριον καλούμενον.

Main clause is copular with predicate adjective δῆλον; the participial phrase ἀνιὸν governs the locative and κατὰ τὸ Χειμέριον phrase.

punct obl acl conj discourse nsubj obl cc amod obl advmod case case case case xcomp discourse det det det acl root 1 γλυκὺ γλυκύς / ADJ 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ὕδωρ ὕδωρ / NOUN 4 ἐν ἐν / ADP 5 θαλάσσῃ θάλασσα / NOUN 6 δῆλόν δῆλος / ADJ 7 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 8 ἐνταῦθά ἐνταῦθα / ADV 9 τε τε / PART 10 ἀνιὸν ἄνειμι / VERB 11 ἐν ἐν / ADP 12 τῇ ὁ / DET 13 Ἀργολίδι Ἀργολίς / PROPN 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 ἐν ἐν / ADP 16 τῇ ὁ / DET 17 Θεσπρωτίδι Θεσπρωτίς / PROPN 18 κατὰ κατά / ADP 19 τὸ ὁ / DET 20 Χειμέριον Χειμέριος / ADJ 21 καλούμενον καλέω / VERB 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1γλυκὺγλυκύςADJA-NSNCase=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular3 ὕδωρamodhighAdjectival modifier of ὕδωρ.
2δὲδέPARTG_7 ἐστινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ὕδωρὕδωρNOUNN-NSNCase=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular7 ἐστινnsubjhighSubject of ἐστιν.
4ἐνἐνADPR_5 θαλάσσῃcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
5θαλάσσῃθάλασσαNOUNN-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular7 ἐστινoblhighDative complement in ἐν-phrase.
6δῆλόνδῆλοςADJA-NSNCase=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular7 ἐστινxcompmediumPredicative adjective with ἐστιν; could also be analyzed as root predicate.
7ἐστινεἰμίAUXV-3SPIMood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active0 ROOTroothighCopular clause with predicate adjective.
8ἐνταῦθάἐνταῦθαADVD_10 ἀνιὸνadvmodhighAdverb modifying ἀνιὸν.
9τετεPARTG_10 ἀνιὸνdiscoursehighEnclitic connective particle.
10ἀνιὸνἄνειμιVERBV-APNAspect=Perf|Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Participle|Voice=Active3 ὕδωρaclmediumParticiple modifying ὕδωρ; form is somewhat unusual, likely present participle meaning 'rising'/'coming up'.
11ἐνἐνADPR_13 ἈργολίδιcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
12τῇDETL-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art13 ἈργολίδιdethighArticle modifying Ἀργολίδι.
13ἈργολίδιἈργολίςPROPNN-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular10 ἀνιὸνoblhighPlace name in prepositional phrase.
14καὶκαίCCONJC_17 ΘεσπρωτίδιcchighCoordinates the two locative phrases.
15ἐνἐνADPR_17 ΘεσπρωτίδιcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
16τῇDETL-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art17 ΘεσπρωτίδιdethighArticle modifying Θεσπρωτίδι.
17ΘεσπρωτίδιΘεσπρωτίςPROPNN-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular10 ἀνιὸνconjhighSecond coordinated place name.
18κατὰκατάADPR_20 ΧειμέριονcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
19τὸDETL-ASNCase=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art20 ΧειμέριονdethighArticle modifying Χειμέριον.
20ΧειμέριονΧειμέριοςADJA-ASNCase=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular10 ἀνιὸνoblmediumLikely substantivized/attributive to a place-name-like expression; syntax somewhat uncertain.
21καλούμενονκαλέωVERBV-PPNAspect=Perf|Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Participle|Voice=Middle20 ΧειμέριονaclhighParticipial modifier of Χειμέριον.
22..PUNCT__7 ἐστινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
← 8.7.18.7.3 →