Grammar parses for passage 9.1.1
Open translation for this passage
Ἀθηναίοις δὲ ἡ Βοιωτία καὶ κατὰ ἄλλα τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἐστιν ὅμορος, πρὸς δὲ Ἐλευθερῶν οἱ Πλαταιεῖς.
The final phrase is an elliptical coordinated clause: οἱ Πλαταιεῖς [ὅμοροι εἰσίν] πρὸς Ἐλευθερῶν; the plural subject and omitted predicate make the coordination structurally dependent on the first clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Nb-----3p- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Βοιωτία | obl | high | Dative of reference/association: 'for the Athenians'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Βοιωτία | det | high | |
| 4 | Βοιωτία | Βοιωτία | PROPN | Nb-----1s- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλα | case | high | With accusative in the idiom κατὰ ἄλλα, 'in other respects/along other points'. |
| 7 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, governed by κατά. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | Nb-----2s- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄλλα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on substantivized ἄλλα; exact semantic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3P-SMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ὅμορος | ὅμορος | ADJ | A----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Ἐλευθερῶν | case | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 Πλαταιεῖς | cc | high | Introduces the elliptical second clause. |
| 15 | Ἐλευθερῶν | Ἐλευθεραί | PROPN | Nb-----2p- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 Πλαταιεῖς | obl | high | Genitive after πρός in the sense 'toward/by Eleutherae'. |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Πλαταιεῖς | det | high | |
| 17 | Πλαταιεῖς | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | Nb-----1p- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | conj | high | Subject of an elliptical clause: οἱ Πλαταιεῖς [ὅμοροι εἰσίν]. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Βοιωτοὶ δὲ τὸ μὲν πᾶν ἔθνος ἀπὸ Βοιωτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα ἔσχηκεν, ὃν Ἰτώνου παῖδα καὶ νύμφης δὴ Μελανίππης, Ἴτωνον δὲ Ἀμφικτύονος εἶναι λέγουσι·
The relative clause has an accusative predicative/relative object construction: ὃν ... παῖδα ... λέγουσι, with infinitival εἶναι dependent on λέγουσι; Ἴτωνον is the accusative subject of εἶναι and δὲ marks the second reported identification. The antecedent of ὃν is Βοιωτοῦ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Βοιωτοὶ | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N--MPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἔσχηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 11 ἔσχηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔθνος | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 6 ἔθνος | discourse | high | Correlative μὲν ... δὲ. |
| 5 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔθνος | amod | high | |
| 6 | ἔθνος | ἔθνος | NOUN | N---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔσχηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχηκεν; τὸ πᾶν ἔθνος is a partitive/topic expression. |
| 7 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 Βοιωτοῦ | case | high | |
| 8 | Βοιωτοῦ | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N--MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔσχηκεν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 10 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔσχηκεν | obj | high | Accusative form syncretic with nominative; object of ἔσχηκεν. |
| 11 | ἔσχηκεν | ἔχω | VERB | V--RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔσχηκεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P--MASA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖδα | obj | medium | Relative pronoun, antecedent Βοιωτοῦ; accusative in the reported predication. |
| 14 | Ἰτώνου | Ἴτωνος | PROPN | N--MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖδα | nmod | high | |
| 15 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N--MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 λέγουσι | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with λέγουσι; ὃν is its referential object/accusative complement. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 νύμφης | cc | high | |
| 17 | νύμφης | νύμφη | NOUN | N---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive parentage complement coordinated with Ἰτώνου. |
| 18 | δὴ | δή | PART | G--------- | _ | 19 Μελανίππης | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle within the parentage phrase. |
| 19 | Μελανίππης | Μελανίππη | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 νύμφης | nmod | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 21 | Ἴτωνον | Ἴτωνος | PROPN | N--MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 λέγουσι | cc | high | Connective δέ in the second reported clause. |
| 23 | Ἀμφικτύονος | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | N--MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 εἶναι | nmod | high | Genitive complement of παῖδα understood with εἶναι. |
| 24 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσι. |
| 25 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἔσχηκεν | parataxis | high | Reporting verb introducing the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔσχηκεν | punct | high |
καλοῦνται δὲ κατὰ πόλεις ἀπό τε ἀνδρῶν καὶ τὰ πλείω γυναικῶν.
The phrase τὰ πλείω γυναικῶν is an elliptical substantivized comparative coordinated with ἀνδρῶν, meaning that the greater part are named from women.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλοῦνται | καλέω | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite passive verb; subject is implicit or contextually supplied. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 καλοῦνται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 πόλεις | case | high | With accusative, expressing distribution by cities. |
| 4 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 καλοῦνται | obl | high | Accusative plural with κατά. |
| 5 | ἀπό | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀνδρῶν. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀνδρῶν | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 7 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 καλοῦνται | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό, coordinated with γυναικῶν. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 γυναικῶν | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive sources. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 πλείω | det | high | Article substantivizing the neuter comparative. |
| 10 | πλείω | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPNC | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 γυναικῶν | amod | medium | Substantivized neuter comparative, ‘the greater part’; agreement and construction are somewhat elliptical. |
| 11 | γυναικῶν | γυνή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἀνδρῶν | conj | medium | Second coordinated genitive source; τὰ πλείω γυναικῶν means ‘mostly from women’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλοῦνται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οἱ δὲ Πλαταιεῖς τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν εἰσιν αὐτόχθονες· ὄνομα δέ σφισιν ἀπὸ Πλαταίας, ἣν θυγατέρα εἶναι Ἀσωποῦ τοῦ ποταμοῦ νομίζουσιν.
The first clause has εἰσιν as copular root with αὐτόχθονες as predicate; τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς is an accusative temporal phrase, and ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is an opinion parenthesis. In the second clause, ὄνομα is the subject of an understood copula, σφισιν is dative of possession, and ἣν introduces the relative clause with θυγατέρα as predicate accusative of εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Πλαταιεῖς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 Πλαταιεῖς | cc | high | |
| 3 | Πλαταιεῖς | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἀρχῆς | det | high | Article substantivizing the temporal phrase. |
| 5 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 6 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N----GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἰσιν | obl | high | With τὸ, forms τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ‘from the beginning/originally’. |
| 7 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P----MD-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 8 δοκεῖν | iobj | medium | Dative of opinion with δοκεῖν. |
| 8 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 εἰσιν | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical infinitive, ‘as it seems to me’; attachment to the finite clause is approximate. |
| 9 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | αὐτόχθονες | αὐτόχθων | ADJ | A--NMP---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰσιν. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N----NN-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | medium | Subject of an understood copula: ‘their name is...’. |
| 13 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---MD-P-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ὄνομα | nmod | medium | Dative of possession with ὄνομα. |
| 15 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Πλαταίας | case | high | |
| 16 | Πλαταίας | Πλαταία | PROPN | N----GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive of origin after ἀπό. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 Πλαταίας | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P---AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 εἶναι | obj | high | Relative pronoun, antecedent Πλαταίας. |
| 19 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N----AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 20 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 νομίζουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of νομίζουσιν. |
| 21 | Ἀσωποῦ | Ἀσωπός | PROPN | N----GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive complement of θυγατέρα. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 ποταμοῦ | det | high | |
| 23 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | N----GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ἀσωποῦ | appos | high | Apposition identifying Asopus as the river. |
| 24 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PIA-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated clause treated as a second root across the strong punctuation. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 νομίζουσιν | punct | high |