Grammar parses for passage 8.54.7
Open translation for this passage
παρέχεται δὲ τὸ Παρθένιον καὶ ἐς λύρας ποίησιν χελώνας ἐπιτηδειοτάτας, ἃς οἱ περὶ τὸ ὄρος ἄνθρωποι καὶ αὐτοὶ λαμβάνειν δεδοίκασιν ἀεὶ καὶ ξένους οὐ περιορῶσιν αἱροῦντας· ἱερὰς γὰρ σφᾶς εἶναι τοῦ Πανὸς ἥγηνται.
The main predicate παρέχεται takes Παρθένιον as subject and χελώνας ἐπιτηδειοτάτας as its object, with an expressed purpose phrase ἐς λύρας ποίησιν. The relative clause has ἃς as object of λαμβάνειν/αἱροῦντας; δεδοίκασιν governs the infinitive λαμβάνειν, while περιορῶσιν governs the participle αἱροῦντας. The final infinitival clause is object of ἥγηνται, with σφᾶς as its accusative subject and ἱερὰς as predicate adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 παρέχεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Παρθένιον | det | high | |
| 4 | Παρθένιον | Παρθένιον | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 χελώνας | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ποίησιν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 7 | λύρας | λύρα | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ποίησιν | nmod | high | |
| 8 | ποίησιν | ποίησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 παρέχεται | obl | high | Purpose expression with εἰς. |
| 9 | χελώνας | χελώνη | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 παρέχεται | obj | high | |
| 10 | ἐπιτηδειοτάτας | ἐπιτήδειος | ADJ | A-APF-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Superl|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 χελώνας | amod | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 παρέχεται | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | R-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 λαμβάνειν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, also understood as object with αἱροῦντας. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἄνθρωποι | det | high | |
| 14 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ὄρος | case | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ὄρος | det | high | |
| 16 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἄνθρωποι | obl | high | περί with accusative. |
| 17 | ἄνθρωποι | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 δεδοίκασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 αὐτοὶ | cc | high | |
| 19 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἄνθρωποι | conj | medium | Emphatic pronoun coordinated with the local subject noun phrase. |
| 20 | λαμβάνειν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 δεδοίκασιν | xcomp | high | |
| 21 | δεδοίκασιν | δείδω | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 1 παρέχεται | acl:relcl | high | Perfect form with present-like meaning, governing λαμβάνειν. |
| 22 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 λαμβάνειν | advmod | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 περιορῶσιν | cc | high | |
| 24 | ξένους | ξένος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 αἱροῦντας | obj | high | Accusative subject of the participle αἱροῦντας. |
| 25 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 26 περιορῶσιν | advmod | high | |
| 26 | περιορῶσιν | περιοράω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 δεδοίκασιν | conj | high | Coordinated with δεδοίκασιν. |
| 27 | αἱροῦντας | αἱρέω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 περιορῶσιν | xcomp | high | Accusative participle with ξένους as its understood subject; object ἃς is shared from the relative clause. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 παρέχεται | punct | high | |
| 29 | ἱερὰς | ἱερός | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective in the accusative-and-infinitive clause. |
| 30 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 ἥγηνται | cc | high | |
| 31 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 32 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 35 ἥγηνται | ccomp | high | Infinitive clause governed by ἥγηνται. |
| 33 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 Πανὸς | det | high | |
| 34 | Πανὸς | Πάν | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἱερὰς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱεράς: sacred to Pan. |
| 35 | ἥγηνται | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-RMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 1 παρέχεται | parataxis | high | Perfect middle with present-like stative meaning, ‘consider/hold’. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 παρέχεται | punct | high |
ὑπερβαλόντι δὲ τὴν κορυφὴν τοῦ ὄρους ἔστιν ἐν τοῖς ἤδη γεωργουμένοις Τεγεατῶν ὅρος καὶ Ἀργείων κατὰ Ὑσιὰς τὰς ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι.
The sentence has a genitive absolute (ὑπερβαλόντι ...), with ὄρος as the existential subject of ἔστιν; ἐν τοῖς ... γεωργουμένοις is a locative phrase, and κατὰ Ὑσιὰς identifies the Argive boundary/place. The case of ὑπερβαλόντι is formally dative singular neuter, likely an impersonal/elliptical construction; analysis is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπερβαλόντι | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | VAAP-SDM | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle; likely impersonal/elliptical temporal circumstantial construction, not a regular genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ----ASF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 4 κορυφὴν | det | high | |
| 4 | κορυφὴν | κορυφή | NOUN | ----ASF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 ὑπερβαλόντι | obj | high | |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | ----GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 6 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | ----GSN- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 4 κορυφὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κορυφήν. |
| 7 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | VPAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential ἔστιν. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 γεωργουμένοις | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | ----DPN- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 11 γεωργουμένοις | det | high | Substantivally used with γεωργουμένοις. |
| 10 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 γεωργουμένοις | advmod | high | |
| 11 | γεωργουμένοις | γεωργέω | VERB | VPPMDPN- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Pres|Voice=Middle/Passive | 13 ὅρος | obl | medium | Substantivized participle: the lands/fields already being cultivated. |
| 12 | Τεγεατῶν | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | ----GPM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 13 ὅρος | nmod:poss | high | Genitive of possession/association with ὅρος. |
| 13 | ὅρος | ὅρος | NOUN | ----NSN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 7 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Existential subject; means boundary. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 15 Ἀργείων | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | ----GPM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 13 ὅρος | nmod:poss | high | Genitive coordinated with Τεγεατῶν. |
| 16 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ὑσιὰς | case | high | With accusative, indicating location/along the area of. |
| 17 | Ὑσιὰς | Ὑσιαί | PROPN | ----APF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 13 ὅρος | nmod | medium | Place-name in the accusative after κατά; lemma normalized to nominative plural. |
| 18 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | ----APF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 17 Ὑσιὰς | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | ----DSF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 21 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | ----DSF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 17 Ὑσιὰς | nmod | high | ἐν-phrase specifying the location of Ὑσιαί. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔστιν | punct | high |
αἵδε μὲν Πελοποννήσου μοῖραι καὶ πόλεις τε ἐν ταῖς μοίραις καὶ ἐν ἑκάστῃ πόλει τὰ ἀξιολογώτατά ἐστιν ἐς μνήμην.
Copular clause with αἵδε as subject and ἐστιν as root; μοῖραι and πόλεις form a coordinated nominative subject, while τὰ ἀξιολογώτατα is the neuter plural predicative subject/complement, with ἐς μνήμην expressing intended commemoration. The coordination and predicative structure are somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἵδε | ὅδε | DET | RD-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 μοῖραι | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 4 μοῖραι | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μοῖραι | nmod | high | |
| 4 | μοῖραι | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 πόλεις | cc | high | |
| 6 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 μοῖραι | conj | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 πόλεις | cc | high | Correlative τε links the second subject member; its pairing is somewhat loose. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 10 μοίραις | case | high | |
| 9 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | RD-LPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 μοίραις | det | high | |
| 10 | μοίραις | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | obl | high | Locative phrase modifying πόλεις. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 πόλει | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 14 πόλει | case | high | |
| 13 | ἑκάστῃ | ἕκαστος | DET | A-D-SF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 πόλει | det | high | Pronominal adjective functioning as a determiner. |
| 14 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀξιολογώτατά | obl | medium | Second ἐν-phrase; syntactically dependent on the predicative description. |
| 15 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RD-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἀξιολογώτατά | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀξιολογώτατά | ἀξιολογώτατος | ADJ | A-NPN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural nominal adjective, coordinated in predicative relation with the feminine subject. |
| 17 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 19 μνήμην | case | high | |
| 19 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀξιολογώτατά | obl | high | Purpose/goal phrase: 'for remembrance'. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστιν | punct | high |