Grammar parses for passage 9.1.3
Open translation for this passage
Πλαταιεῦσι δὲ πρὸ μὲν τῆς μάχης, ἣν Ἀθηναῖοι Μαραθῶνι ἐμαχέσαντο, οὐδὲν ὑπῆρχεν ἐς δόξαν·
Πλαταιεῦσι is a dative of respect/possession with ὑπῆρχεν; ἣν introduces a relative clause modifying μάχης, with Μαραθῶνι as locative dative. The negative οὐδὲν is the subject/predicative nominal of ὑπῆρχεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πλαταιεῦσι | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | Nbsp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | iobj | high | Dative of respect or possession. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 μάχης | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | advmod | high | Correlative particle; counterpart to δὲ. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S----GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μάχης | det | high | |
| 6 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N--S-GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obl | high | Object of πρὸ in the temporal phrase. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 μάχης | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to μάχης; attracted accusative with ἐμαχέσαντο understood as concerning/fighting the battle. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Nbpm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | Nbsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Locative dative: at Marathon. |
| 11 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V3PAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 μάχης | acl:relcl | high | Aorist middle indicative; relative-clause predicate. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-S---N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | nsubj | high | Substantival negative pronoun, ‘nothing’. |
| 14 | ὑπῆρχεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | V3SII--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect indicative; existential/possessive construction. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 δόξαν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 16 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N--S-AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obl | high | Prepositional complement: with regard to reputation/glory. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | punct | high |
μετασχόντες δὲ τοῦ Μαραθῶνι ἀγῶνος ὕστερον καταβεβηκότος ἤδη Ξέρξου καὶ ἐς τὰς ναῦς ἐτόλμησαν μετʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐσβῆναι,
The participle μετασχόντες is subordinate to ἐτόλμησαν; καταβεβηκότος with Ξέρξου forms a genitive absolute, while ὕστερον is its temporal modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετασχόντες | μετέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, antecedent/concessive circumstance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγῶνος | det | high | |
| 4 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγῶνος | nmod | medium | Genitive place-name modifying ἀγῶνος. |
| 5 | ἀγῶνος | ἀγών | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μετασχόντες | obl | high | Genitive complement of μετέχω. |
| 6 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 καταβεβηκότος | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 7 | καταβεβηκότος | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 καταβεβηκότος | advmod | high | |
| 9 | Ξέρξου | Ξέρξης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 καταβεβηκότος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ναῦς | case | high | |
| 12 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ναῦς | det | high | |
| 13 | ναῦς | ναῦς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ἐσβῆναι | obl | high | Accusative object of εἰς. |
| 14 | ἐτόλμησαν | τολμάω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐσβῆναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of μετά, 'with the Athenians'. |
| 17 | ἐσβῆναι | ἐσβαίνω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἐτόλμησαν. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | punct | high |
Μαρδόνιον δὲ τὸν Γωβρύου Ξέρξῃ στρατηγοῦντα ἠμύναντο ἐν τῇ σφετέρᾳ.
Μαρδόνιον τὸν Γωβρύου is the object of ἠμύναντο, with στρατηγοῦντα agreeing with Μαρδόνιον and taking Ξέρξῃ as its dative complement; ἐν τῇ σφετέρᾳ is a locative phrase with an elided understood noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μαρδόνιον | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἠμύναντο | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἠμύναντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Γωβρύου | det | high | |
| 4 | Γωβρύου | Γωβρύας | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Μαρδόνιον | appos | medium | Patronymic/genitive apposition: Mardonius, son of Gobryas. |
| 5 | Ξέρξῃ | Ξέρξης | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 στρατηγοῦντα | iobj | high | |
| 6 | στρατηγοῦντα | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Μαρδόνιον | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Μαρδόνιον; dative Ξέρξῃ is its dependent. |
| 7 | ἠμύναντο | ἀμύνω | VERB | V-AIM-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 σφετέρᾳ | case | high | |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 σφετέρᾳ | det | high | |
| 10 | σφετέρᾳ | σφέτερος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|Reflex=Yes | 7 ἠμύναντο | obl | medium | Substantivized possessive adjective; understood noun is likely γῇ. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἠμύναντο | punct | high |
δὶς δὲ σφᾶς κατέλαβε γενέσθαι τε ἀναστάτους καὶ αὖθις ἐς Βοιωτίαν καταχθῆναι.
Κατέλαβε takes σφᾶς as accusative subject of the complementary infinitives γενέσθαι and καταχθῆναι; τε...καί coordinate the two infinitival predicates. The subject of the infinitives is implicit in σφᾶς. κατέλαβε is interpreted as ‘it befell/was the case that’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δὶς | δίς | ADV | Adverb | _ | 4 κατέλαβε | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 κατέλαβε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-A-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 4 κατέλαβε | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitives. |
| 4 | κατέλαβε | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Idiomatic impersonal use: ‘it befell/was the case’. |
| 5 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 κατέλαβε | ccomp | high | |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 γενέσθαι | cc | high | First member of τε...καί coordination. |
| 7 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-2A-AP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with γενέσθαι; agrees with σφᾶς. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 12 καταχθῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates the two infinitival predicates. |
| 9 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | Adverb | _ | 12 καταχθῆναι | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 11 Βοιωτίαν | case | high | |
| 11 | Βοιωτίαν | Βοιωτία | PROPN | N-A-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 καταχθῆναι | obl | high | Goal of καταχθῆναι. |
| 12 | καταχθῆναι | κατάγω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 κατέλαβε | conj | high | Coordinated with γενέσθαι; passive ‘be brought down’. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 κατέλαβε | punct | high |