Grammar parses for passage 9.1.3
Open translation for this passage
Πλαταιεῦσι δὲ πρὸ μὲν τῆς μάχης, ἣν Ἀθηναῖοι Μαραθῶνι ἐμαχέσαντο, οὐδὲν ὑπῆρχεν ἐς δόξαν·
Main clause with a preposed dative and a temporal frame; the relative clause ἣν Ἀθηναῖοι Μαραθῶνι ἐμαχέσαντο modifies μάχης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πλαταιεῦσι | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obl | high | Dative of reference/interest, 'for the Plataeans'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 μάχης | case | high | Governs the genitive. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 πρὸ | discourse | medium | Correlative particle paired with δὲ. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 6 μάχης | det | high | Article modifying μάχης. |
| 6 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obl | high | Complement of πρὸ. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 μάχης | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 8 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Rel | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to μάχης. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-P---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐμαχέσαντο. |
| 10 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Dative expressing location. |
| 11 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-3ADI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 8 ἣν | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb in a relative clause modifying μάχης. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐμαχέσαντο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | DET | L-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Neg | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obj | medium | Adverbial/argument-like neuter negation; parsed as object-like complement of ὑπῆρχεν. |
| 14 | ὑπῆρχεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | V-3SIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 δόξαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 16 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐς. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὑπῆρχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μετασχόντες δὲ τοῦ Μαραθῶνι ἀγῶνος ὕστερον καταβεβηκότος ἤδη Ξέρξου καὶ ἐς τὰς ναῦς ἐτόλμησαν μετʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐσβῆναι,
The syntax is built around a genitive absolute (Ξέρξου ... καταβεβηκότος) and a circumstantial participle (μετασχόντες) leading into the main clause with τολμᾶν + infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετασχόντες | μετέχω | VERB | PAP-A-NPM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 μετασχόντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγῶνος | det | high | Article with ἀγῶνος. |
| 4 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγῶνος | nmod | medium | Dative place/name modifying ἀγῶνος. |
| 5 | ἀγῶνος | ἀγών | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μετασχόντες | obj | high | Object of μετέχω in partitive genitive. |
| 6 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | _ | _ | 7 καταβεβηκότος | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the participle. |
| 7 | καταβεβηκότος | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-RAP-??? | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 Ξέρξου | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute participle; tense-form treated as perfect participle. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 7 καταβεβηκότος | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying participle. |
| 9 | Ξέρξου | Ξέρξης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 καταβεβηκότος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute participle. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 13 ναῦς | case | high | Preposition governing τὰς ναῦς. |
| 12 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 ναῦς | det | high | Article with ναῦς. |
| 13 | ναῦς | ναῦς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ἐσβῆναι | obl | high | Goal with ἐς in infinitival clause. |
| 14 | ἐτόλμησαν | τολμάω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 15 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 16 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 16 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 17 ἐσβῆναι | obl | high | Comitative companion with μετά. |
| 17 | ἐσβῆναι | εἰσβαίνω | VERB | V-ANA | Aspect=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of τολμάω. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐτόλμησαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |