Grammar parses for passage 9.1.7
Open translation for this passage
πρὸς δὲ τοὺς ἐγκαταληφθέντας ἐποιήσαντο οἱ Θηβαῖοι σπονδάς, ἀπελθεῖν σφᾶς πρὸ ἡλίου δύντος ἄνδρας μὲν σὺν ἑνί, γυναῖκας δὲ δύο ἱμάτια ἑκάστην ἔχουσαν.
The clause is highly compressed: ἀπελθεῖν introduces the reported terms, with a genitive absolute (πρὸ ἡλίου δύντος) and an elliptical participial phrase (ἔχουσαν) governing the listed requirements for men and women.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 8 σπονδάς | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγκαταληφθέντας | det | high | Article modifying participle. |
| 4 | ἐγκαταληφθέντας | ἐγκαταλείπω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 σπονδάς | amod | medium | Best analyzed as participial modifier of σπονδάς / the men left behind. |
| 5 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Θηβαῖοι | det | high | Article with the subject. |
| 7 | Θηβαῖοι | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic substantive, subject of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 8 | σπονδάς | σπονδή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἀπελθεῖν | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive depending on ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 11 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἀπελθεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἀπελθεῖν. |
| 12 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | _ | _ | 14 δύντος | case | high | Preposition with genitive phrase. |
| 13 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δύντος | nmod | high | Genitive with temporal participle. |
| 14 | δύντος | δύω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπελθεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive absolute/temporal clause modifying ἀπελθεῖν. |
| 15 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀπελθεῖν | obj | medium | Likely coordinated with γυναῖκας as object of ἀπελθεῖν, though the syntax is compressed. |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἄνδρας | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 17 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | _ | _ | 18 ἑνί | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 18 | ἑνί | εἷς | NUM | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἄνδρας | nmod | high | Modifier in prepositional phrase 'with one'. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἄνδρας | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἀπελθεῖν | obj | medium | Parallel object with ἄνδρας. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 γυναῖκας | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 22 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 23 ἱμάτια | nummod | high | Numeral modifying ἱμάτια. |
| 23 | ἱμάτια | ἱμάτιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἔχουσαν | obj | medium | Object of ἔχουσαν; may also be part of the compressed infinitival content. |
| 24 | ἑκάστην | ἕκαστος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἔχουσαν | obj | medium | Likely adverbial/elliptic accusative 'each woman' modifying ἔχουσαν. |
| 25 | ἔχουσαν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπελθεῖν | advcl | medium | Participial phrase coordinated with the infinitival content; agreement with γυναῖκας/ἑκάστην is compressed. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
συνέβη τε ἐναντία τοῖς Πλαταιεῦσιν ἐν τῷ τότε ἡ τύχη ἢ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἀρχιδάμου καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τὸ πρότερον ἥλωσαν·
The syntax is elliptical and comparative: the main clause with συνέβη is followed by a contrasted temporal/causal comparison introduced by ἢ ὡς; ἐναντία is treated as the main predicative element with Πλαταιεῦσιν as its dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-AIAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | Ptcl | _ | 1 συνέβη | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 συνέβη | obj | medium | Likely adverbial/accusative of respect with συνέβη; treated as neuter plural acc. agreeing with implied πράγματα. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Πλαταιεῦσιν | det | high | Article. |
| 5 | Πλαταιεῦσιν | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | Ne-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐναντία | obl | high | Dative plural governed by ἐναντία/συνέβη. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 10 τύχη | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 τότε | det | high | Article. |
| 8 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 10 τύχη | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying τύχη. |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 τύχη | det | high | Article. |
| 10 | τύχη | τύχη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 συνέβη | obl | medium | Adverbial temporal phrase with ἐν τῷ τότε; head taken as oblique to the main predicate. |
| 11 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 συνέβη | cc | high | Coordinates alternative clause. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἥλωσαν | mark | high | Subordinating marker in comparative/quotative clause. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 14 Ἀρχιδάμου | case | high | Preposition with genitive agent. |
| 14 | Ἀρχιδάμου | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | Ne-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἥλωσαν | obl | high | Agent/comitative in passive construction. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Λακεδαιμονίων | cc | high | Coordinates genitive nouns. |
| 16 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Ἀρχιδάμου | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive dependent of ὑπό. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 πρότερον | det | high | Article. |
| 18 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADJ | A-NSN-CMP | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἥλωσαν | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative meaning 'formerly/earlier'. |
| 19 | ἥλωσαν | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-AIAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 συνέβη | advcl | high | Finite subordinate clause, likely temporal/comparative introduced by ὡς. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνέβη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι μέν γʼ αὐτοὺς ἐξεπολιόρκησαν ἀπείργοντες διπλῷ τείχει μὴ ἐξελθεῖν τοῦ ἄστεως, Θηβαῖοι δὲ ἐν τῷ τότε ἀφελόμενοι μὴ ἐσελθεῖν σφᾶς ἐς τὸ τεῖχος.
The syntax is bipartite with two participial clauses; the second is loosely coordinated and lacks an explicit finite verb, so its participle is treated as the sentence root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐξεπολιόρκησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξεπολιόρκησαν. |
| 2 | μέν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | γʼ | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 2 μέν | advmod | medium | Enclitic emphatic particle attached to μέν. |
| 4 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | S-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐξεπολιόρκησαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐξεπολιόρκησαν. |
| 5 | ἐξεπολιόρκησαν | ἐξεπολιορκέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 6 | ἀπείργοντες | ἀπείργω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἐξεπολιόρκησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the Spartans. |
| 7 | διπλῷ | διπλοῦς | ADJ | A-s---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 τείχει | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying τείχει. |
| 8 | τείχει | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-s---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπείργοντες | obl | high | Instrumental/dative object of ἀπείργοντες. |
| 9 | μὴ | μή | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἐξελθεῖν | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 10 | ἐξελθεῖν | ἐξέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 ἀπείργοντες | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἀπείργοντες. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-s---G-- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἄστεως | det | high | Article modifying ἄστεως. |
| 12 | ἄστεως | ἄστυ | NOUN | N-s---GNN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐξελθεῖν | obl | high | Genitive complement with ἐξελθεῖν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐξεπολιόρκησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | Θηβαῖοι | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀφελόμενοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφελόμενοι. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 Θηβαῖοι | discourse | high | Adversative/continuative particle. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ἀφελόμενοι | obl | high | Introduces temporal phrase. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-s---ND- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 τότε | det | high | Article modifying τότε. |
| 18 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἐν | fixed | medium | Temporal adverb within ἐν τῷ τότε. |
| 19 | ἀφελόμενοι | ἀφαιρέομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second main participial clause; likely coordinated with first clause, but treated as root due to sentence coordination without overt finite verb. |
| 20 | μὴ | μή | PART | G-------- | _ | 21 ἐσελθεῖν | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 21 | ἐσελθεῖν | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 ἀφελόμενοι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἀφελόμενοι. |
| 22 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 ἐσελθεῖν | obj | medium | Object of ἐσελθεῖν; case/form somewhat irregular in context. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 ἐσελθεῖν | obl | high | Introduces destination. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-s---AN- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 τεῖχος | det | high | Article modifying τεῖχος. |
| 25 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-s---ANN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐς | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀφελόμενοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |