Grammar parses for passage 9.11.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθά εἰσιν ἐπὶ τύπου γυναικῶν εἰκόνες· ἀμυδρότερα ἤδη τὰ ἀγάλματα·
First clause: εἰσιν is existential/copular with ἐνταῦθα as locative adverb; ἐπὶ τύπου γυναικῶν modifies εἰκόνες, with τύπου probably ‘in the form/type of women’. Second verbless clause: ἀγάλματα is understood as subject with ἀμυδρότερα as predicate adjective; punctuation separates the clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 2 εἰσιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3PPAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential ‘are/exist’. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 τύπου | case | high | Here construed with genitive. |
| 4 | τύπου | τύπος | NOUN | N-GSM----- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἰκόνες | obl | medium | Genitive of form/type; semantic relation to εἰκόνες. |
| 5 | γυναικῶν | γυνή | NOUN | N-GPF----- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 τύπου | nmod | high | |
| 6 | εἰκόνες | εἰκών | NOUN | N-NPF----- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 2 εἰσιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀμυδρότερα | ἀμυδρός | ADJ | A-NPN-S2C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἀγάλματα | amod | medium | Predicate adjective in a verbless clause; formal agreement is neuter plural with ἀγάλματα. |
| 9 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἀμυδρότερα | advmod | high | |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-NPN----- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἀγάλματα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NPN----- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Subject of verbless second clause; understood copula. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 11 ἀγάλματα | punct | high |
ταύτας καλοῦσιν οἱ Θηβαῖοι Φαρμακίδας, πεμφθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς Ἤρας φασὶν ἐμπόδια εἶναι ταῖς ὠδῖσιν Ἀλκμήνης.
Two coordinated constructions share φασίν: an accusative-and-infinitive clause (πεμφθῆναι ... ἐμπόδια εἶναι), with ὑπό + genitive as the agent of πεμφθῆναι; ταύτας ... Φαρμακίδας is the preceding naming clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | |
| 2 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the naming clause. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Θηβαῖοι | det | high | |
| 4 | Θηβαῖοι | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 5 | Φαρμακίδας | Φαρμακίς | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with καλοῦσιν. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | πεμφθῆναι | πέμπω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 12 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in the reported-content construction. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 7 πεμφθῆναι | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Ἤρας | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἤρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὑπὸ | obl:agent | high | |
| 12 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 2 καλοῦσιν | parataxis | high | Reports the following infinitival content; subject is contextually the Thebans. |
| 13 | ἐμπόδια | ἐμπόδιος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἶναι. |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 πεμφθῆναι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive; its understood subject is ταύτας/Φαρμακίδας. |
| 15 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ὠδῖσιν | det | high | |
| 16 | ὠδῖσιν | ὠδίς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ἐμπόδια | obl | high | Dative complement with ἐμπόδια, ‘hindering the birth-pangs’. |
| 17 | Ἀλκμήνης | Ἀλκμήνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὠδῖσιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὠδῖσιν. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |
αἱ μὲν δὴ ἐπεῖχον Ἀλκμήνην μὴ τεκεῖν·
The subject αἱ is understood feminine plural (the previously mentioned Moirai/forces); ἐπεῖχον governs the infinitival clause μὴ τεκεῖν with accusative subject Ἀλκμήνην. The exact lexical nuance of ἐπέχω here is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | P-AF-N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἐπεῖχον | nsubj | high | Substantival feminine plural article, referring to a contextually supplied subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart may be supplied by context. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | -------- | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | ἐπεῖχον | ἐπέχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect active; contextual sense may be ‘prevented/held back’ or related to ἐπέχω usage. |
| 5 | Ἀλκμήνην | Ἀλκμήνη | PROPN | N-AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 τεκεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival clause. |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | -------- | _ | 7 τεκεῖν | advmod | high | Negative particle with the infinitive. |
| 7 | τεκεῖν | τίκτω | VERB | V-2AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπεῖχον | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive, with μὴ τεκεῖν as the controlled infinitival clause. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | punct | high |
Τειρεσίου δὲ θυγατρὶ Ἱστορίδι σόφισμα ἔπεισιν ἐς τὰς Φαρμακίδας, ἐς ἐπήκοον αὐτῶν ὀλολύξαι, τετοκέναι γὰρ τὴν Ἀλκμήνην·
The construction presents a stratagem occurring to Historeis: to howl within the Pharmakides’ hearing, claiming that Alcmene has given birth; ἐπήκοον is a substantivized adjective with genitive αὐτῶν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τειρεσίου | Τειρεσίας | PROPN | N-gen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 θυγατρὶ | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔπεισιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | θυγατρὶ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-dat | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ἱστορίδι | nmod | high | Dative recipient/possessor with ἔπεισιν. |
| 4 | Ἱστορίδι | Ἱστορίς | PROPN | N-dat | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔπεισιν | iobj | high | |
| 5 | σόφισμα | σόφισμα | NOUN | N-nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔπεισιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἔπεισιν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V- pres-act-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Here idiomatically ‘a stratagem occurs to’; form can be confused with εἶμι compounds. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Φαρμακίδας | case | high | |
| 8 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-acc-fem-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 Φαρμακίδας | det | high | |
| 9 | Φαρμακίδας | Φαρμακίς | PROPN | N-acc-fem-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἔπεισιν | obl | high | Goal/target of the stratagem. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔπεισιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἐπήκοον | case | high | |
| 12 | ἐπήκοον | ἐπήκοος | ADJ | A-acc-neut-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ὀλολύξαι | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter accusative, ‘within hearing’; governs αὐτῶν in a genitive relation. |
| 13 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-gen | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 12 ἐπήκοον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐπήκοον, ‘within their hearing’. |
| 14 | ὀλολύξαι | ὀλολύζω | VERB | V-aor-act-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἔπεισιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of σόφισμα ἔπεισιν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὀλολύξαι | punct | high | |
| 16 | τετοκέναι | τίκτω | VERB | V-perf-act-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 14 ὀλολύξαι | ccomp | high | Infinitive coordinated semantically with ὀλολύξαι, expressing the message to be shouted. |
| 17 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 16 τετοκέναι | discourse | high | |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-acc-fem-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀλκμήνην | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀλκμήνην | Ἀλκμήνη | PROPN | N-acc-fem-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 τετοκέναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of τετοκέναι in the reported content. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔπεισιν | punct | high |
οὕτω τὰς μὲν ἀπατηθείσας ἀπελθεῖν, τὴν δὲ Ἀλκμήνην τεκεῖν φασιν.
Infinitival indirect discourse: φασιν governs coordinated accusative-and-infinitive clauses, with τὰς ... ἀπατηθείσας understood as the subject of ἀπελθεῖν and τὴν Ἀλκμήνην as the subject of τεκεῖν; οὕτω modifies the reported manner/result.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D- | _ | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA--PF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἀπατηθείσας | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | cc:preconj | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 4 | ἀπατηθείσας | ἀπατάω | VERB | VPAP-PFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative participle agrees with τὰς; subject of ἀπελθεῖν. |
| 5 | ἀπελθεῖν | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | VNAA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασιν | ccomp | high | First infinitive in indirect discourse. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | punct | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--SF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀλκμήνην | det | high | |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 τεκεῖν | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν; coordinates the infinitival clauses. |
| 9 | Ἀλκμήνην | Ἀλκμήνη | PROPN | Ne-SF--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τεκεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of τεκεῖν. |
| 10 | τεκεῖν | τίκτω | VERB | VNAA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive; δέ marks the contrast. |
| 11 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | VPAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 φασιν | punct | high |