Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 9.12.3

← 9.12.29.12.4 →

Passage 9.12.3

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
67Greek tokens
2,362input tokens
5,227output tokens
Sentence 1

9.12.3 sentence 1

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φασὶ δὲ οἱ Θηβαῖοι, καθότι τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἀγορά σφισιν ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πεποίηται, Κάδμου τὸ ἀρχαῖον οἰκίαν εἶναι·

Infinitival accusative-and-infinitive construction depends on φασί: Θηβαῖοι are the implicit/raised subject of εἶναι, with οἰκίαν as predicate accusative; πεποίηται is a perfect middle/passive predicate in the καθότι clause, with ἀγορά as subject and σφισιν as dative possessor/interest.

punct ccomp mark acl:relcl punct nsubj:pass punct nsubj iobj nmod:poss cc det det nmod case obl det amod xcomp root 1 φασὶ φημί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 οἱ ὁ / DET 4 Θηβαῖοι Θηβαῖος / PROPN 5 , , / PUNCT 6 καθότι καθότι / SCONJ 7 τῆς ὁ / DET 8 ἀκροπόλεως ἀκρόπολις / NOUN 9 ἀγορά ἀγορά / NOUN 10 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 11 ἐφʼ ἐπί / ADP 12 ἡμῶν ἐγώ / PRON 13 πεποίηται ποιέω / VERB 14 , , / PUNCT 15 Κάδμου Κάδμος / PROPN 16 τὸ ὁ / DET 17 ἀρχαῖον ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 18 οἰκίαν οἰκία / NOUN 19 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 20 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1φασὶφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
2δὲδέCCONJC-----_1 φασὶcchigh
3οἱDETRA-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 Θηβαῖοιdethigh
4ΘηβαῖοιΘηβαῖοςPROPNA-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur1 φασὶnsubjhighDemonym used substantivally.
5,,PUNCT__1 φασὶpuncthigh
6καθότικαθότιSCONJC-----_13 πεποίηταιmarkmediumIntroduces an explanatory subordinate clause.
7τῆςDETRA-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἀκροπόλεωςdethigh
8ἀκροπόλεωςἀκρόπολιςNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ἀγοράnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἀγορά.
9ἀγοράἀγοράNOUNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 πεποίηταιnsubj:passmediumSubject of πεποίηται; semantic relation is somewhat elliptical.
10σφισινσφεῖςPRONRP-D3PCase=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=313 πεποίηταιiobjmediumDative of possession/interest; dialectal or orthographic form.
11ἐφʼἐπίADPP----D-Case=Dat12 ἡμῶνcasehighElided before ἡμῶν.
12ἡμῶνἐγώPRONRP-G1PCase=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=113 πεποίηταιoblmediumGenitive with ἐπί, ‘in our time/under our observation’.
13πεποίηταιποιέωVERBV-RMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid18 οἰκίανacl:relclmediumPerfect middle/passive; clause is explanatory and syntactically nested before the infinitive.
14,,PUNCT__18 οἰκίανpuncthigh
15ΚάδμουΚάδμοςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 οἰκίανnmod:posshigh
16τὸDETRA-ASNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 ἀρχαῖονdethigh
17ἀρχαῖονἀρχαῖοςADJA-ASNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing18 οἰκίανamodhighSubstantival/attributive adjective: ‘the ancient [one/time]’; modifies οἰκίαν in the transmitted construction.
18οἰκίανοἰκίαNOUNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 εἶναιxcomphighPredicate accusative in the accusative-and-infinitive construction.
19εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-PANMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act1 φασὶccomphighInfinitive governed by φασί.
20··PUNCT__1 φασὶpuncthigh
Sentence 2

9.12.3 sentence 2

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θαλάμων δὲ ἀποφαίνουσι τοῦ μὲν Ἁρμονίας ἐρείπια καὶ ὃν Σεμέλης φασὶν εἶναι, τοῦτον δὲ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ἄβατον φυλάσσουσιν ἀνθρώποις.

The construction is θαλάμων ... ἀποφαίνουσι, with ἐρείπια as the accusative predicate/object and a second coordinated object τοῦτον referring to the chamber attributed to Semele; ὃν ... εἶναι is a relative clause with omitted copular subject understood as τοῦτον/θαλάμων. ἄβατον is predicative with φυλάσσουσιν, while ἀνθρώποις is a dative of respect or agent-like dative. The first phrase τοῦ μὲν Ἁρμονίας is elliptical after θαλάμων and is parsed as a genitive specification.

punct obj conj cc obj obj advmod obj det advmod acl:relcl advmod cc nmod nsubj advcl punct cc case obl xcomp obl root 1 θαλάμων θάλαμος / NOUN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἀποφαίνουσι ἀποφαίνω / VERB 4 τοῦ ὁ / DET 5 μὲν μέν / PART 6 Ἁρμονίας Ἁρμονία / PROPN 7 ἐρείπια ἐρείπιον / NOUN 8 καὶ καί / CCONJ 9 ὃν ὅς / PRON 10 Σεμέλης Σεμέλη / PROPN 11 φασὶν φημί / VERB 12 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 13 , , / PUNCT 14 τοῦτον οὗτος / PRON 15 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 16 καὶ καί / ADV 17 ἐς εἰς / ADP 18 ἡμᾶς ἐγώ / PRON 19 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 20 ἄβατον ἄβατος / ADJ 21 φυλάσσουσιν φυλάσσω / VERB 22 ἀνθρώποις ἄνθρωπος / NOUN 23 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1θαλάμωνθάλαμοςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἀποφαίνουσιobjmediumGenitive plural; elliptical specification of the chambers/rooms being pointed out.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_3 ἀποφαίνουσιcchigh
3ἀποφαίνουσιἀποφαίνωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
4τοῦDETT-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἉρμονίαςdethighArticle with Ἁρμονίας.
5μὲνμένPARTPART_3 ἀποφαίνουσιadvmodhighCorrelative μέν, paired with later δέ.
6ἉρμονίαςἉρμονίαPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἐρείπιαnmodhighGenitive of association/specification with ἐρείπια.
7ἐρείπιαἐρείπιονNOUNN-APNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur3 ἀποφαίνουσιobjhighAccusative neuter plural, coordinated object/predicate of ἀποφαίνουσι.
8καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_14 τοῦτονcchighCoordinates the second object with ἐρείπια.
9ὃνὅςPRONR-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 εἶναιobjhighRelative accusative, object of εἶναι; antecedent is τοῦτον.
10ΣεμέληςΣεμέληPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 φασὶνnsubjhighGenitive subject of the impersonal/reporting φασίν construction.
11φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act12 εἶναιadvclmediumReporting verb governing the infinitive εἶναι; subject relation is structurally elliptical/impersonal.
12εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-PANMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act14 τοῦτονacl:relclmediumInfinitive in reported speech, with ὃν as accusative subject/predicate complement structure.
13,,PUNCT__12 εἶναιpuncthigh
14τοῦτονοὗτοςPROND-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἀποφαίνουσιobjhighSecond accusative object, resumed/deictic reference to the chamber identified in the relative clause.
15δὲδέCCONJCONJ_14 τοῦτονcchighCoordinates the contrasting second assertion.
16καὶκαίADVADV_19 ἔτιadvmodhighAdditive adverb modifying ἔτι or the following predication.
17ἐςεἰςADPPREP_18 ἡμᾶςcasehigh
18ἡμᾶςἐγώPRONP-1APCase=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=119 ἔτιoblhighObject of ἐς, temporal/endpoint phrase ‘down to our time’.
19ἔτιἔτιADVADV_21 φυλάσσουσινadvmodhighStill/yet, modifying φυλάσσουσιν.
20ἄβατονἄβατοςADJA-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 φυλάσσουσινxcomphighPredicative accusative adjective agreeing with τοῦτον.
21φυλάσσουσινφυλάσσωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act14 τοῦτονconjhighCoordinated finite predicate with τοῦτον as its object and ἄβατον as predicative complement.
22ἀνθρώποιςἄνθρωποςNOUNN-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur21 φυλάσσουσινoblmediumDative of respect (‘inaccessible to humans’) or agent-like dative.
23..PUNCT__3 ἀποφαίνουσιpuncthigh
Sentence 3

9.12.3 sentence 3

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Ἑλλήνων δὲ τοῖς ἀποδεχομένοις ᾆσαι Μούσας ἐς τὸν Ἁρμονίας γάμον τὸ χωρίον ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς, ἔνθα δή φασι τὰς θεὰς ᾆσαι.

The dative plural τοῖς ἀποδεχομένοις is substantivized (‘those who accept/approve’), with ᾆσαι Μούσας as its complementary infinitival construction; the main clause is τὸ χωρίον ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς, followed by a relative adverbial clause ἔνθα ... φασι τὰς θεὰς ᾆσαι. The exact force of ἀποδέχομαι and the infinitival complement is somewhat interpretive.

cc punct parataxis obl punct nmod case obl ccomp det case advmod det iobj xcomp obj nmod det nsubj det advmod det obj root 1 Ἑλλήνων Ἕλλην / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τοῖς ὁ / DET 4 ἀποδεχομένοις ἀποδέχομαι / VERB 5 ᾆσαι ᾄδω / VERB 6 Μούσας Μοῦσα / PROPN 7 ἐς εἰς / ADP 8 τὸν ὁ / DET 9 Ἁρμονίας Ἁρμονία / PROPN 10 γάμον γάμος / NOUN 11 τὸ ὁ / DET 12 χωρίον χωρίον / NOUN 13 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 14 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 15 τῆς ὁ / DET 16 ἀγορᾶς ἀγορά / NOUN 17 , , / PUNCT 18 ἔνθα ἔνθα / ADV 19 δή δή / PART 20 φασι φημί / VERB 21 τὰς ὁ / DET 22 θεὰς θεά / NOUN 23 ᾆσαι ᾄδω / VERB 24 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἙλλήνωνἝλληνPROPNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 ἀποδεχομένοιςnmodmediumGenitive plural, likely partitive/possessive with τοῖς ἀποδεχομένοις; ethnic noun used substantivally.
2δὲδέCCONJ--------_13 ἐστὶνcchighPostpositive connective.
3τοῖςDETT-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 ἀποδεχομένοιςdethighArticle substantivizing the participle.
4ἀποδεχομένοιςἀποδέχομαιVERBV-PMP-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid5 ᾆσαιiobjmediumSubstantivized present middle participle, ‘for those accepting/approving’; construed with the infinitive.
5ᾆσαιᾄδωVERBV-2AANMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act4 ἀποδεχομένοιςxcompmediumAorist active infinitive; complementary infinitive, with Μούσας as its accusative subject/object-like accusative.
6ΜούσαςΜοῦσαPROPNN-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur5 ᾆσαιobjmediumAccusative plural with the infinitive; likely accusative subject of the infinitival clause.
7ἐςεἰςADPR-_10 γάμονcasehighPreposition governing τὸν ... γάμον.
8τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 γάμονdethighArticle.
9ἉρμονίαςἉρμονίαPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 γάμονnmodhighGenitive dependent on γάμον.
10γάμονγάμοςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ᾆσαιoblmediumPrepositional accusative phrase ἐς τὸν Ἁρμονίας γάμον; semantic relation to the infinitive is somewhat elliptical.
11τὸDETT-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing12 χωρίονdethighArticle agreeing with χωρίον.
12χωρίονχωρίονNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing13 ἐστὶνnsubjhighNominal subject of ἐστίν.
13ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular main predicate.
14ἐπὶἐπίADPR-_16 ἀγορᾶςcasehighPreposition governing the genitive phrase.
15τῆςDETT-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ἀγορᾶςdethighArticle.
16ἀγορᾶςἀγοράNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ἐστὶνoblhighLocative/whereabouts phrase with ἐπί.
17,,PUNCT__13 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
18ἔνθαἔνθαADVD--------PronType=Rel20 φασιadvmodhighRelative adverb introducing the following clause, ‘where’.
19δήδήPARTX--------_20 φασιadvmodhighEmphatic particle.
20φασιφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act13 ἐστὶνparataxishighImpersonal/plural reporting verb, ‘they say’; subject is unexpressed.
21τὰςDETT-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur22 θεὰςdethighArticle agreeing with θεάς.
22θεὰςθεάNOUNN-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur23 ᾆσαιobjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive in reported speech.
23ᾆσαιᾄδωVERBV-2AANMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act20 φασιccomphighInfinitival complement of φασι.
24..PUNCT__13 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
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