Grammar parses for passage 9.13.10
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ ἄλλοι τε Λακεδαιμονίων τῶν ἐν τέλει καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐτεθνήκει Κλεόμβροτος, ἐνταῦθα καὶ τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας καὶ ταλαιπωρουμένους ἐπελάμβανεν ἀνάγκη μὴ ἐνδιδόναι· παρὰ γὰρ τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις αἴσχιστον ἐδέδοκτο εἶναι βασιλέως νεκρὸν ἐπὶ ἀνδράσι πολεμίοις γενόμενον περιοφθῆναι.
Syntax is dense with nested infinitival constructions and participial modifiers; αἴσχιστον εἶναι governs the infinitival clause ending in περιοφθῆναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἐτεθνήκει | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing temporal clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐτεθνήκει | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 βασιλεὺς | amod | medium | Could function substantively; analyzed as attributive modifier of implied men. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἄλλοι | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 5 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἄλλοι | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄλλοι. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 τέλει | det | high | Article with ἐν τέλει. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 8 τέλει | case | high | Preposition. |
| 8 | τέλει | τέλος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 Λακεδαιμονίων | nmod | medium | Likely genitival phrase modifying Λακεδαιμονίων, with ἐν τέλει 'in office/rank'. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 βασιλεὺς | cc | high | Connects coordinated subject. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 βασιλεὺς | det | high | Article with βασιλεύς. |
| 11 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐτεθνήκει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐτεθνήκει. |
| 12 | ἐτεθνήκει | θνῄσκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plurpf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of temporal clause. |
| 13 | Κλεόμβροτος | Κλεόμβροτος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 βασιλεὺς | appos | high | Apposition to βασιλεύς. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐτεθνήκει | punct | high | Comma. |
| 15 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 21 ἐπελάμβανεν | advmod | high | Sentence adverb. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 τοὺς | cc | high | Correlative/connecting conjunction. |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Σπαρτιάτας | det | high | Article with Σπαρτιάτας. |
| 18 | Σπαρτιάτας | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐπελάμβανεν | obj | high | Object of ἐπελάμβανεν. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ταλαιπωρουμένους | cc | high | Connects coordinated object/participle. |
| 20 | ταλαιπωρουμένους | ταλαιπωρέω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 18 Σπαρτιάτας | conj | medium | Participial modifier coordinated with Σπαρτιάτας; could be adjectival. |
| 21 | ἐπελάμβανεν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 22 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐπελάμβανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπελάμβανεν. |
| 23 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 24 ἐνδιδόναι | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 24 | ἐνδιδόναι | ἐνδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπελάμβανεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπελάμβανεν | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
| 26 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 27 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 28 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 Λακεδαιμονίοις | det | high | Article with Λακεδαιμονίοις. |
| 29 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | obl | high | Dative complement with παρά. |
| 30 | αἴσχιστον | αἰσχρός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective in infinitival construction. |
| 31 | ἐδέδοκτο | δοκέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pqp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of explanatory clause. |
| 32 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐδέδοκτο. |
| 33 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 νεκρὸν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of νεκρόν. |
| 34 | νεκρὸν | νεκρός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Likely object/predicative complement within infinitival phrase. |
| 35 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 36 ἀνδράσι | case | high | Preposition. |
| 36 | ἀνδράσι | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 γενόμενον | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπὶ within participial phrase. |
| 37 | πολεμίοις | πολέμιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 ἀνδράσι | amod | high | Adjective modifying ἀνδράσι. |
| 38 | γενόμενον | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 39 περιοφθῆναι | advcl | medium | Participle modifying the understood subject/object in infinitival clause. |
| 39 | περιοφθῆναι | περιοράω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 32 εἶναι | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement coordinated/embedded under εἶναι. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἐδέδοκτο | punct | high | Sentence-final period. |