Grammar parses for passage 9.13.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα καὶ αὐτῷ Κλεομβρότῳ καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τῷ κοινῷ σημεῖα ἐγένετο ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ.
The dative phrase coordinates αὐτῷ Κλεομβρότῳ with τῷ κοινῷ Λακεδαιμονίων as recipients/possessors of signs; ἐγένετο is singular by agreement with σημεῖα treated as a neuter collective or textual number mismatch, so the agreement is noted as uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 10 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 Κλεομβρότῳ | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Dative participant/recipient, further specified by Κλεομβρότῳ. |
| 4 | Κλεομβρότῳ | Κλεόμβροτος | PROPN | Nbmsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 αὐτῷ | conj | high | Appositional proper name to αὐτῷ. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 τῷ | cc | high | |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-gpn | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 κοινῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κοινῷ: the Lacedaemonian community. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Article with κοινῷ; coordinated dative recipient/possessor phrase. |
| 8 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-snd | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 αὐτῷ | conj | high | Coordinates with αὐτῷ Κλεομβρότῳ; article is its dependent. |
| 9 | σημεῖα | σημεῖον | NOUN | Nbnpn | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Plural neuter subject; singular verb agreement is unusual or collective. |
| 10 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist middle indicative; singular agreement with plural neuter σημεῖα is syntactically unusual. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 13 θεοῦ | case | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S-gms | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 13 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | Nbmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Source/origin complement of ἐγένετο, introduced by ἐκ. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐγένετο | punct | high |
τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν αὐτῶν ἐς τὰς ἐξόδους πρόβατα εἵπετο θεοῖς τε εἶναι θυσίας καὶ πρὸ τῶν ἀγώνων καλλιερεῖν· ταῖς δὲ ποίμναις ἡγεμόνες τῆς πορείας ἦσαν αἶγες, κατοιάδας οἱ ποιμένες ὀνομάζουσιν αὐτάς.
The first clause has an implicit/elliptical construction: πρόβατα is the subject of εἵπετο and the following infinitives express the sheep's intended sacrificial uses; θεοῖς is dative with θυσίας. In the second clause, αἶγες is the predicative nominative with ἦσαν, while κατοιάδας is an accusative naming complement of ὀνομάζουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | D----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 βασιλεῦσιν | det | high | |
| 2 | βασιλεῦσιν | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 εἵπετο | obl | high | Dative of accompaniment/association with εἵπετο. |
| 3 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 2 βασιλεῦσιν | nmod:poss | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R------A- | _ | 6 ἐξόδους | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 5 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | D----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἐξόδους | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐξόδους | ἔξοδος | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἵπετο | obl | high | Goal/destination with ἐς. |
| 7 | πρόβατα | πρόβατον | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 εἵπετο | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject with singular εἵπετο by collective/semantic agreement. |
| 8 | εἵπετο | ἕπομαι | VERB | V3SIIAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular agreement is likely collective with neuter-plural πρόβατα. |
| 9 | θεοῖς | θεός | NOUN | N-----DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 θυσίας | obl | medium | Dative of recipient/beneficiary with θυσίας. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 11 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἵπετο | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in an elliptical purpose/content construction; θυσίας is its predicative accusative. |
| 12 | θυσίας | θυσία | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicate with εἶναι; semantically coordinated with καλλιερεῖν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 καλλιερεῖν | cc | high | |
| 14 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R------G- | _ | 16 ἀγώνων | case | high | |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | D----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀγώνων | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀγώνων | ἀγών | NOUN | N-----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 καλλιερεῖν | obl | high | Temporal phrase with πρό. |
| 17 | καλλιερεῖν | καλλιερέω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἵπετο | xcomp | medium | Coordinated infinitive, with πρό τῶν ἀγώνων as temporal adjunct. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἵπετο | punct | high | |
| 19 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | D----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ποίμναις | det | high | |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 21 | ποίμναις | ποίμνη | NOUN | N-----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 ἡγεμόνες | obl | high | Dative of possession/association with ἡγεμόνες. |
| 22 | ἡγεμόνες | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Subject/predicative nominal of ἦσαν. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | D----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 πορείας | det | high | |
| 24 | πορείας | πορεία | NOUN | N-----GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἡγεμόνες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἡγεμόνες. |
| 25 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 8 εἵπετο | parataxis | high | |
| 26 | αἶγες | αἴξ | NOUN | N-----NPF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἦσαν | pred | high | Predicative nominative, agreeing with the understood feminine referent of ἡγεμόνες. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 28 | κατοιάδας | κατοιάς | NOUN | N-----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | medium | Accusative naming complement; exact lexical form/lemma is somewhat uncertain. |
| 29 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | D---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ποιμένες | det | high | |
| 30 | ποιμένες | ποιμήν | NOUN | N-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ὀνομάζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V3PPAIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἦσαν | parataxis | high | New finite clause coordinated/paratactic to the preceding statement. |
| 32 | αὐτάς | αὐτός | PRON | P----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 31 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Refers to αἶγες. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high |
τότε οὖν ὁρμήσαντες ἐς τὴν ποίμνην λύκοι τοῖς μὲν προβάτοις ἐγίνοντο οὐδὲν βλάβος, οἱ δὲ τὰς αἶγας τὰς κατοιάδας ἔκτεινον.
The sentence contrasts the wolves’ harmlessness toward sheep with their killing of the κατοιάδες goats; βλάβος is treated as a predicative nominative with γίγνομαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | Adverb | PronType=Dem | 11 ἐγίνοντο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | Adverb | _ | 11 ἐγίνοντο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ὁρμήσαντες | ὁρμάω | VERB | V-APA-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 λύκοι | advcl | high | Aorist participle with λύκοι as understood subject. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 6 ποίμνην | case | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-DAF-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ποίμνην | det | high | |
| 6 | ποίμνην | ποίμνη | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ὁρμήσαντες | obl | high | |
| 7 | λύκοι | λύκος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐγίνοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 προβάτοις | det | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Partic | _ | 11 ἐγίνοντο | cc | high | Correlative μέν ... δέ. |
| 10 | προβάτοις | πρόβατον | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐγίνοντο | obl | high | Dative of effect/interest. |
| 11 | ἐγίνοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | With βλάβος as predicative nominative. |
| 12 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 13 βλάβος | det | high | Substantival/quantifying modifier of βλάβος. |
| 13 | βλάβος | βλάβος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐγίνοντο | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative with γίγνομαι; form is morphologically nominative/accusative neuter. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐγίνοντο | punct | high | |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 ἔκτεινον | nsubj | high | Substantivized article, referring to the wolves. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 21 ἔκτεινον | cc | high | Correlative with μέν. |
| 17 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-DAF-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 αἶγας | det | high | |
| 18 | αἶγας | αἴξ | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἔκτεινον | obj | high | |
| 19 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-DAF-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 κατοιάδας | det | high | |
| 20 | κατοιάδας | κατοιάς | ADJ | A-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 αἶγας | amod | medium | Epitheton/name of a type of goat; lexical parsing uncertain. |
| 21 | ἔκτεινον | κτείνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 11 ἐγίνοντο | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐγίνοντο. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐγίνοντο | punct | high |