Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 9.13.6

← 9.13.59.13.7 →

Passage 9.13.6

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
68Greek tokens
2,398input tokens
5,133output tokens
Sentence 1

9.13.6 sentence 1

Tokens
27
Input
827
Output
1,961
Total
2,788

τότε δὲ ὁ Ἐπαμινώνδας Σκεδάσῳ καὶ ταῖς παισὶν ἐνήγιζέ τε καὶ εὔχετο, ὡς οὐ μᾶλλον ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας Θηβαίων ἢ καὶ τιμωρίας ἐκείνων τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐσόμενον.

The sentence has coordinated finite verbs ἐνήγιζε and εὔχετο with dative complements; the ὡς-clause contains an elliptical construction in which τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐσόμενον is understood as the contest being destined to be, or intended as, not more for the safety of the Thebans than for punishment of those persons. The exact attachment of Σκεδάσῳ is lexically and syntactically uncertain; it is treated as a dative complement/name.

punct ccomp mark advmod advmod obl cc nsubj iobj punct obl conj cc cc det det iobj cc cc advmod case nmod cc nmod det obj root 1 τότε τότε / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ὁ / DET 4 Ἐπαμινώνδας Ἐπαμεινώνδας / PROPN 5 Σκεδάσῳ Σκεδάσος / PROPN 6 καὶ καί / CCONJ 7 ταῖς ὁ / DET 8 παισὶν παῖς / NOUN 9 ἐνήγιζέ ἐναγίζω / VERB 10 τε τε / CCONJ 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 εὔχετο εὔχομαι / VERB 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 15 οὐ οὐ / PART 16 μᾶλλον μᾶλλον / ADV 17 ὑπὲρ ὑπέρ / ADP 18 σωτηρίας σωτηρία / NOUN 19 Θηβαίων Θηβαῖος / PROPN 20 ἤ / CCONJ 21 καὶ καί / CCONJ 22 τιμωρίας τιμωρία / NOUN 23 ἐκείνων ἐκεῖνος / PRON 24 τὸν ὁ / DET 25 ἀγῶνα ἀγών / NOUN 26 ἐσόμενον εἰμί / VERB 27 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τότετότεADVD-AdverbPronType=Dem9 ἐνήγιζέadvmodhigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_9 ἐνήγιζέcchighPostpositive connective.
3DETDACase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 Ἐπαμινώνδαςdethigh
4ἘπαμινώνδαςἘπαμεινώνδαςPROPNNEPMSCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἐνήγιζέnsubjhighProper name; normalized lemma spelling.
5ΣκεδάσῳΣκεδάσοςPROPNNEPMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἐνήγιζέiobjlowProper name and syntactic role are uncertain; retained as a dative complement.
6καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_8 παισὶνcchigh
7ταῖςDETDADPFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art8 παισὶνdethigh
8παισὶνπαῖςNOUNN-DPFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur9 ἐνήγιζέiobjhighDative plural feminine, coordinated with Σκεδάσῳ.
9ἐνήγιζέἐναγίζωVERBV-IAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTrootmediumFinite verb; lexical sense and complement structure are somewhat uncertain.
10τετεCCONJCONJ_9 ἐνήγιζέcchighCorrelative coordination with καί before εὔχετο.
11καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_12 εὔχετοcchighCorrelative coordinator with preceding τε.
12εὔχετοεὔχομαιVERBV-IMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid9 ἐνήγιζέconjhigh
13,,PUNCTPUNCT_9 ἐνήγιζέpuncthigh
14ὡςὡςSCONJCONJ_26 ἐσόμενονmarkmediumIntroduces the explanatory/content clause.
15οὐοὐPARTPARTPolarity=Neg16 μᾶλλονadvmodhigh
16μᾶλλονμᾶλλονADVD-AdverbDegree=Cmp26 ἐσόμενονadvmodhighComparative adverb in οὐ μᾶλλον ... ἢ construction.
17ὑπὲρὑπέρADPPREP_18 σωτηρίαςcasehigh
18σωτηρίαςσωτηρίαNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 ἐσόμενονoblhigh
19ΘηβαίωνΘηβαῖοςPROPNNE-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur18 σωτηρίαςnmodhighEthnic proper-name adjective used substantivally.
20CCONJCONJ_22 τιμωρίαςcchighCoordinates the second member of the comparison.
21καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_22 τιμωρίαςccmediumScalar/additive καί within the second coordinated phrase.
22τιμωρίαςτιμωρίαNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 ἐσόμενονoblhighParallel genitive complement, with implied ὑπέρ.
23ἐκείνωνἐκεῖνοςPRONRD-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem22 τιμωρίαςnmodhigh
24τὸνDETDAMSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 ἀγῶναdethigh
25ἀγῶναἀγώνNOUNN-AMSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing26 ἐσόμενονobjmediumAccusative subject of the infinitival/predicative expression is understood with ἐσόμενον.
26ἐσόμενονεἰμίVERBV-FPM-AccSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid12 εὔχετοccompmediumFuture participle, agreeing with τὸν ἀγῶνα; clause is elliptical or dependent on an understood infinitival/predicative construction.
27..PUNCTPUNCT_9 ἐνήγιζέpuncthigh
Sentence 3

9.13.6 sentence 3

Tokens
16
Input
735
Output
1,238
Total
1,973

Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ μὲν γὰρ ἤρεσκε καὶ Μάλγιδι καὶ Ξενοκράτει κατὰ τάχος πρὸς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ποιεῖσθαι μάχην,

ἤρεσκε is impersonal/experiencer-oriented: the coordinated datives are experiencer/subject-like arguments, with ποιεῖσθαι μάχην as its infinitival complement; κατὰ τάχος is an adverbial accusative phrase.

punct xcomp advmod iobj discourse iobj conj case obl discourse cc cc case det obj root 1 Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ Ἐπαμεινώνδας / PROPN 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 γὰρ γάρ / CCONJ 4 ἤρεσκε ἀρέσκω / VERB 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Μάλγιδι Μάλγις / PROPN 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 Ξενοκράτει Ξενοκράτης / PROPN 9 κατὰ κατά / ADP 10 τάχος τάχος / NOUN 11 πρὸς πρός / ADP 12 τοὺς ὁ / DET 13 Λακεδαιμονίους Λακεδαιμόνιος / PROPN 14 ποιεῖσθαι ποιέω / VERB 15 μάχην μάχη / NOUN 16 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἘπαμινώνδᾳἘπαμεινώνδαςPROPNN--DSM--Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἤρεσκεiobjhighExperiencer/subject-like dative of ἀρέσκω.
2μὲνμένPARTDf_4 ἤρεσκεdiscoursehighCorrelative particle; counterpart is understood or supplied by context.
3γὰργάρCCONJC--------_4 ἤρεσκεdiscoursehighExplanatory connective.
4ἤρεσκεἀρέσκωVERBV3SIAI---Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active0 ROOTroothighImpersonal or semi-impersonal verb, ‘it pleased/was agreeable’.
5καὶκαίCCONJC--------_6 ΜάλγιδιcchighCoordinates the second dative with the first.
6ΜάλγιδιΜάλγιςPROPNN--DSM--Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἤρεσκεiobjhighCoordinated experiencer dative.
7καὶκαίCCONJC--------_8 ΞενοκράτειcchighCoordinates Ξενοκράτει with Μάλγιδι.
8ΞενοκράτειΞενοκράτηςPROPNN--DSM--Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ΜάλγιδιconjhighThird coordinated experiencer dative.
9κατὰκατάADPR--------_10 τάχοςcasehighPreposition governing the accusative τάχος.
10τάχοςτάχοςNOUNN--SAN--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing14 ποιεῖσθαιadvmodhighAccusative of manner/speed in the phrase κατὰ τάχος.
11πρὸςπρόςADPR--------_13 ΛακεδαιμονίουςcasehighPreposition governing the accusative.
12τοὺςDETP---AAM--Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur13 ΛακεδαιμονίουςdethighArticle modifying Λακεδαιμονίους.
13ΛακεδαιμονίουςΛακεδαιμόνιοςPROPNA---AМP--Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur15 μάχηνoblhighSubstantivized ethnic adjective, object of πρός in the sense ‘against’.
14ποιεῖσθαιποιέωVERBV--PMN---Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle4 ἤρεσκεxcomphighComplementary infinitive; middle ποιεῖσθαι with μάχην means ‘make/engage in battle’.
15μάχηνμάχηNOUNN--SΑN--Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 ποιεῖσθαιobjhighObject of ποιεῖσθαι.
16,,PUNCT__4 ἤρεσκεpuncthigh
Sentence 4

9.13.6 sentence 4

Tokens
25
Input
836
Output
1,934
Total
2,770

Δαμοκλείδας δὲ καὶ Δαμόφιλος καὶ Σιμάγγελος συμβάλλειν μὲν οὐκ εἴων, ἐκέλευον δὲ ὑπεκθεμένους ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν γυναῖκας καὶ παῖδας ὡς πολιορκησομένους αὐτοὺς παρασκευάζεσθαι.

The coordinated subjects Δαμοκλείδας, Δαμόφιλος, and Σιμάγγελος govern εἴων and ἐκέλευον; both verbs take complementary infinitives. ὑπεκθεμένους is accusative agreeing with the understood subject of παρασκευάζεσθαι, while γυναῖκας καὶ παῖδας are its object; ὡς πολιορκησομένους is a prospective final/purpose construction, with αὐτούς as the understood object/patient of the future passive participle.

punct xcomp advcl nsubj cc nsubj obj xcomp case conj conj conj advcl cc cc advmod advmod punct cc det amod cc mark obj root 1 Δαμοκλείδας Δαμοκλείδας / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 Δαμόφιλος Δαμόφιλος / PROPN 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Σιμάγγελος Σιμάγγελος / PROPN 7 συμβάλλειν συμβάλλω / VERB 8 μὲν μέν / PART 9 οὐκ οὐ / PART 10 εἴων ἐάω / VERB 11 , , / PUNCT 12 ἐκέλευον κελεύω / VERB 13 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 14 ὑπεκθεμένους ὑπεκτίθημι / VERB 15 ἐς εἰς / ADP 16 τὴν ὁ / DET 17 Ἀττικὴν Ἀττικός / ADJ 18 γυναῖκας γυνή / NOUN 19 καὶ καί / CCONJ 20 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 21 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 22 πολιορκησομένους πολιορκέω / VERB 23 αὐτοὺς αὐτός / PRON 24 παρασκευάζεσθαι παρασκευάζω / VERB 25 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΔαμοκλείδαςΔαμοκλείδαςPROPNNe;Nom;SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 εἴωνnsubjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC;Coord_10 εἴωνcchigh
3καὶκαίCCONJC;Coord_4 Δαμόφιλοςcchigh
4ΔαμόφιλοςΔαμόφιλοςPROPNNe;Nom;SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 Σιμάγγελοςconjhigh
5καὶκαίCCONJC;Coord_6 Σιμάγγελοςcchigh
6ΣιμάγγελοςΣιμάγγελοςPROPNNe;Nom;SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 εἴωνnsubjhighCoordinates the subject with tokens 1 and 4.
7συμβάλλεινσυμβάλλωVERBV;Pres;Act;InfMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act10 εἴωνxcomphighComplementary infinitive after εἴων.
8μὲνμένPARTDf_7 συμβάλλεινadvmodhigh
9οὐκοὐPARTD;NegPolarity=Neg10 εἴωνadvmodhigh
10εἴωνἐάωVERBV;Ipf;Act;Ind;3;PlMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act12 ἐκέλευονconjhighFirst coordinated finite verb.
11,,PUNCT__10 εἴωνpuncthigh
12ἐκέλευονκελεύωVERBV;Ipf;Act;Ind;3;PlMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13δὲδέCCONJC;Coord_12 ἐκέλευονcchigh
14ὑπεκθεμένουςὑπεκτίθημιVERBV;Aor;Mid;Part;Acc;Masc;PlCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid24 παρασκευάζεσθαιadvclmediumAccusative participle, likely sharing the understood subject of the complementary infinitive παρασκευάζεσθαι; temporal/prior circumstantial force.
15ἐςεἰςADPR;AccCase=Acc18 γυναῖκαςcasehigh
16τὴνDETArt;Acc;Fem;SgCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 Ἀττικὴνdethigh
17ἈττικὴνἈττικόςADJA;Acc;Fem;SgCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 γυναῖκαςamodhighSubstantivized/geographical adjective modifying γυναικας.
18γυναῖκαςγυνήNOUNN;Acc;Fem;PlCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur14 ὑπεκθεμένουςobjhighObject of ὑπεκθεμένους.
19καὶκαίCCONJC;Coord_20 παῖδαςcchigh
20παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNN;Acc;Masc;PlCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur18 γυναῖκαςconjhighCoordinated with γυναῖκας.
21ὡςὡςSCONJC;Sub_22 πολιορκησομένουςmarkhighIntroduces prospective purpose/result-like participial clause.
22πολιορκησομένουςπολιορκέωVERBV;Fut;Pass;Part;Acc;Masc;PlCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass24 παρασκευάζεσθαιadvclhighFuture passive participle in ὡς construction.
23αὐτοὺςαὐτόςPRONP;Acc;Masc;PlCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs22 πολιορκησομένουςobjmediumAccusative understood as the patient/object represented by the future passive participle; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain.
24παρασκευάζεσθαιπαρασκευάζωVERBV;Pres;Mid;InfMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid12 ἐκέλευονxcomphighComplementary infinitive after ἐκέλευον.
25..PUNCT__12 ἐκέλευονpuncthigh
← 9.13.59.13.7 →