Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.14.1

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Passage 9.14.1

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

61Greek tokens

2,358input tokens

4,647output tokens

Sentence 1

9.14.1 sentence 1

Tokens: 24
Input: 831
Output: 1,893
Total: 2,724

τὸ μὲν δὴ παραυτίκα ὁ Ἐπαμινώνδας μετὰ τὴν μάχην Πελοποννησίων τοῖς λοιποῖς ἀπιέναι προειπὼν ἐπὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα Λακεδαιμονίους ἐν τοῖς Λεύκτροις εἶχεν ἀπειλημμένους·

The main clause is Ἐπαμινώνδας ... Λακεδαιμονίους ... εἶχεν ἀπειλημμένους; προειπών governs ἀπιέναι, with τοῖς λοιποῖς as its dative addressee and ἐπὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα as destination. Πελοποννησίων is treated as a substantival genitive modifying τοῖς λοιποῖς.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	article-neut-nom-acc-sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 εἶχεν	det	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	particle	Polarity=Pos	22 εἶχεν	discourse	high	Correlative μέν; paired element is not expressed in this sentence.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	particle	_	22 εἶχεν	discourse	high
4	παραυτίκα	παραυτίκα	ADV	adverb	_	22 εἶχεν	advmod	high
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	article-masc-nom-sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 Ἐπαμινώνδας	det	high
6	Ἐπαμινώνδας	Ἐπαμινώνδας	PROPN	proper-noun-masc-nom-sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 εἶχεν	nsubj	high
7	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	preposition	_	9 μάχην	case	high
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	article-fem-acc-sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 μάχην	det	high
9	μάχην	μάχη	NOUN	noun-fem-acc-sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 προειπὼν	obl	high	Temporal μετὰ + accusative.
10	Πελοποννησίων	Πελοποννήσιος	ADJ	adjective-masc-gen-pl	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 τοῖς	amod	medium	Substantival adjective, genitive plural; likely partitive/genitive with τοῖς λοιποῖς.
11	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	article-masc-dat-pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 ἀπιέναι	det	high
12	λοιποῖς	λοιπός	ADJ	adjective-masc-dat-pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπιέναι	iobj	high	Substantival adjective: the remaining men.
13	ἀπιέναι	ἄπειμι	VERB	verb-pres-act-inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 προειπὼν	xcomp	high	Infinitive governed by προειπών.
14	προειπὼν	προεῖπον	VERB	verb-aor-act-part-masc-nom-sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	22 εἶχεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle with subject coreferential with Ἐπαμινώνδας.
15	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	preposition	_	17 οἰκεῖα	case	high
16	τὰ	ὁ	DET	article-neut-acc-pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	17 οἰκεῖα	det	high
17	οἰκεῖα	οἰκεῖος	ADJ	adjective-neut-acc-pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπιέναι	obl	high	Substantival neuter plural: their own homes/territories.
18	Λακεδαιμονίους	Λακεδαιμόνιος	ADJ	adjective-masc-acc-pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 εἶχεν	obj	high	Substantival ethnic adjective: the Lacedaemonians.
19	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	preposition	_	21 Λεύκτροις	case	high
20	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	article-neut-dat-pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	21 Λεύκτροις	det	high
21	Λεύκτροις	Λεῦκτρα	PROPN	proper-noun-neut-dat-pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	23 ἀπειλημμένους	obl	high	Locative ἐν + dative.
22	εἶχεν	ἔχω	VERB	verb-imperf-act-ind-3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
23	ἀπειλημμένους	ἀπολαμβάνω	VERB	verb-perf-mid-part-masc-acc-pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Mid	22 εἶχεν	xcomp	high	Predicative perfect middle/passive participle with Λακεδαιμονίους; ἐν Λεύκτροις gives the place of their being shut in.
24	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	22 εἶχεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

9.14.1 sentence 2

Tokens: 23
Input: 813
Output: 1,647
Total: 2,460

ὡς δὲ ἤκουε τοὺς ἐκ τῆς πόλεως Σπαρτιάτας βοηθήσοντας τοῖς σφετέροις ἐς Λεῦκτρα ἰέναι πανδημεί, δίδωσιν οὕτω τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἀπελθεῖν ὑποσπόνδους·

ὡς introduces a temporal/causal subordinate clause; τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας is the accusative subject of the infinitive βοηθήσοντας ... ἰέναι, while δίδωσιν governs τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἀπελθεῖν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἤκουε	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἤκουε	cc	high
3	ἤκουε	ἀκούω	VERB	V3SIAI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	17 δίδωσιν	advcl	high
4	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 Σπαρτιάτας	det	high
5	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	7 πόλεως	case	high
6	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 πόλεως	det	high
7	πόλεως	πόλις	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 Σπαρτιάτας	nmod	high
8	Σπαρτιάτας	Σπαρτιάτης	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἰέναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive ἰέναι.
9	βοηθήσοντας	βοηθέω	VERB	V-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Fut\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	14 ἰέναι	xcomp	medium	Future participle expressing intended action; syntactically tied to ἰέναι.
10	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 σφετέροις	det	high
11	σφετέροις	σφέτερος	ADJ	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs	9 βοηθήσοντας	obl	medium	Substantivized possessive adjective, likely ‘their own [men]’.
12	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	13 Λεῦκτρα	case	high
13	Λεῦκτρα	Λεῦκτρα	PROPN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἰέναι	obl	high	Place name, plural neuter.
14	ἰέναι	εἶμι	VERB	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	3 ἤκουε	ccomp	high	Infinitive dependent on ἤκουε.
15	πανδημεί	πανδημεί	ADV	ADV	_	14 ἰέναι	advmod	high
16	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	3 ἤκουε	punct	high
17	δίδωσιν	δίδωμι	VERB	V3PAIA	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
18	οὕτω	οὕτως	ADV	ADV	_	17 δίδωσιν	advmod	high
19	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 ἀνδράσιν	det	high
20	ἀνδράσιν	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἀπελθεῖν	iobj	high
21	ἀπελθεῖν	ἀπέρχομαι	VERB	V-2PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	17 δίδωσιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive complementary to δίδωσιν.
22	ὑποσπόνδους	ὑπόσπονδος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἀπελθεῖν	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative adjective with the infinitive ἀπελθεῖν.
23	·	·	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	17 δίδωσιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

9.14.1 sentence 3

Tokens: 14
Input: 714
Output: 1,107
Total: 1,821

ἔφη τε ἄμεινον ἔσεσθαι τὸν πόλεμόν σφισιν ἐκ Βοιωτῶν ἐς τὴν Λακεδαίμονα ἀπώσασθαι.

ἔφη governs an infinitival reported statement: ἄμεινον ἔσεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον ... ἀπώσασθαι; πόλεμον is the accusative subject of the lower infinitive, with ἄμεινον predicative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔφη	φημί	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of saying.
2	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἔφη	cc	high	Postpositive coordinating particle.
3	ἄμεινον	ἀμείνων	ADJ	A-NNS-NA	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ἔσεσθαι	xcomp	medium	Predicative comparative adjective with ἔσεσθαι; neuter singular.
4	ἔσεσθαι	εἰμί	AUX	V-FMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Future\|Voice=Mid	1 ἔφη	ccomp	high	Future infinitive in reported speech.
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 πόλεμόν	det	high	Article agreeing with πόλεμον.
6	πόλεμόν	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἀπώσασθαι	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀπώσασθαι.
7	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-3PD	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	13 ἀπώσασθαι	iobj	medium	Dative of interest/possession, ‘for them’; antecedent understood from context.
8	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	9 Βοιωτῶν	case	high	Preposition governing Βοιωτῶν.
9	Βοιωτῶν	Βοιωτός	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπώσασθαι	obl	high	Source complement: from the Boeotians.
10	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	12 Λακεδαίμονα	case	high	Preposition governing Λακεδαίμονα.
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 Λακεδαίμονα	det	high	Article agreeing with Λακεδαίμονα.
12	Λακεδαίμονα	Λακεδαίμων	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἀπώσασθαι	obl	high	Goal complement: into Lakedaimon.
13	ἀπώσασθαι	ἀπωθέω	VERB	V-AMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Mid	4 ἔσεσθαι	xcomp	high	Aorist middle infinitive, coordinated semantically with ἔσεσθαι under reported speech.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἔφη	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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