Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.14.2

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Passage 9.14.2

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3sentences parsed

76Greek tokens

2,429input tokens

5,556output tokens

Sentence 1

9.14.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 31
Input: 863
Output: 2,218
Total: 3,081

Θεσπιεῦσι δέ, ὑφορωμένοις τήν τε ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐκ τῶν Θηβαίων δυσμένειαν καὶ τὴν ἐν τῷ παρόντι αὐτῶν τύχην, τὴν μὲν πόλιν ἔδοξεν ἐκλιπεῖν, ἀναφεύγειν δὲ ἐς Κερησσόν.

Dative Θεσπιεῦσι with agreeing circumstantial participle ὑφορωμένοις is the experiencer/subject of impersonal ἔδοξεν; coordinated infinitives ἐκλιπεῖν and ἀναφεύγειν are its subject, with μὲν…δέ contrasting their destinations. The participial object phrase governs δυσμένειαν and τύχην.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Θεσπιεῦσι	Θεσπιεύς	PROPN	NbNp	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 ἔδοξεν	iobj	high	Dative experiencer with impersonal ἔδοξεν.
2	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	24 ἔδοξεν	cc	high	Connective particle.
3	,	,	PUNCT	U--------	_	4 ὑφορωμένοις	punct	high
4	ὑφορωμένοις	ὑφοράω	VERB	V-PMP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	1 Θεσπιεῦσι	acl	medium	Circumstantial middle participle agreeing with Θεσπιεῦσι; present form may be analyzed as lexical ὑφοράομαι.
5	τήν	ὁ	DET	S--AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 δυσμένειαν	det	high
6	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	12 δυσμένειαν	cc	high	First member of τε…καί coordination.
7	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	8 ἀρχῆς	case	high
8	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-SGF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 δυσμένειαν	nmod	high	Genitive of temporal/source phrase ἐξ ἀρχῆς.
9	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	11 Θηβαίων	case	high
10	τῶν	ὁ	DET	S-PGM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 Θηβαίων	det	high
11	Θηβαίων	Θηβαῖος	PROPN	A-PGM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 δυσμένειαν	nmod	high	Genitive source/relational modifier of δυσμένειαν.
12	δυσμένειαν	δυσμένεια	NOUN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ὑφορωμένοις	obj	high	First accusative object of ὑφορωμένοις.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	19 τύχην	cc	high	Coordinates the two accusative objects.
14	τὴν	ὁ	DET	S--AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 τύχην	det	high
15	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	17 παρόντι	case	high
16	τῷ	ὁ	DET	S-SDM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 παρόντι	det	high
17	παρόντι	πάρειμι	VERB	V-PAP-SDM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	19 τύχην	obl	high	Substantivized participle, ‘the present circumstances’; governed by ἐν.
18	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GP--------	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 τύχην	nmod:poss	high	Possessive genitive, referring to the Thebans or Thesspians by context.
19	τύχην	τύχη	NOUN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ὑφορωμένοις	obj	high	Second accusative object of ὑφορωμένοις.
20	,	,	PUNCT	U--------	_	24 ἔδοξεν	punct	high
21	τὴν	ὁ	DET	S--AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 πόλιν	det	high	Article with πόλιν.
22	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	23 πόλιν	advmod	high	First member of μὲν…δέ contrast.
23	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἐκλιπεῖν	obj	high	Object of ἐκλιπεῖν.
24	ἔδοξεν	δοκέω	VERB	V-3IA-S--	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal main verb; singular despite plural dative experiencer.
25	ἐκλιπεῖν	ἐκλείπω	VERB	V-NAF----	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	24 ἔδοξεν	csubj	high	Infinitival subject/complement of impersonal ἔδοξεν.
26	,	,	PUNCT	U--------	_	27 ἀναφεύγειν	punct	high
27	ἀναφεύγειν	ἀναφεύγω	VERB	V-PAN----	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	24 ἔδοξεν	conj	high	Coordinated infinitive, sharing the impersonal construction.
28	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	27 ἀναφεύγειν	cc	high	Second member of μὲν…δέ contrast.
29	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	30 Κερησσόν	case	high
30	Κερησσόν	Κερησσός	PROPN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 ἀναφεύγειν	obl	high	Goal accusative with ἐς; place-name gender/declension inferred from form.
31	.	.	PUNCT	U--------	_	24 ἔδοξεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

9.14.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 22
Input: 782
Output: 1,581
Total: 2,363

ἔστι δὲ ἐχυρὸν χωρίον ὁ Κερησσὸς ἐν τῇ Θεσπιέων, ἐς ὃ καὶ πάλαι ποτὲ ἀνεσκευάσαντο κατὰ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τὴν Θεσσαλῶν·

Copular clause: ὁ Κερησσὸς is the subject and ἐχυρὸν χωρίον the predicate nominal; ἐν τῇ Θεσπιέων is locative, with Θεσπιέων a dependent genitive plural. The relative clause has a third-person plural middle verb with omitted subject, referring contextually to the inhabitants/people, and two accusative temporal/goal-like complements governed by κατά.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	4 χωρίον	cop	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 χωρίον	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐχυρὸν	ἐχυρός	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 χωρίον	amod	high
4	χωρίον	χωρίον	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate nominal with omitted/implicit copular subject relation.
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Κερησσὸς	det	high
6	Κερησσὸς	Κερησσός	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 χωρίον	nsubj	high	Subject of the copular clause.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	4 χωρίον	obl	high
8	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 Θεσπιέων	det	high
9	Θεσπιέων	Θεσπιαί	PROPN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἐν	nmod	medium	Genitive plural dependent on the locative phrase; the article is dative singular by attraction/agreement with the understood place-name construction.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 χωρίον	punct	high
11	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	12 ὃ	case	high
12	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	P-ANS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	16 ἀνεσκευάσαντο	obl	high	Relative locative/directional complement: ‘to which’.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 ἀνεσκευάσαντο	advmod	high	Adverbial καί, ‘also’.
14	πάλαι	πάλαι	ADV	ADV	_	16 ἀνεσκευάσαντο	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
15	ποτὲ	ποτέ	ADV	ADV	_	14 πάλαι	advmod	high	Temporal particle/adverb modifying πάλαι.
16	ἀνεσκευάσαντο	ἀνασκευάζω	VERB	V-AMI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	4 χωρίον	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate; subject is contextually unexpressed.
17	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	_	19 ἐπιστρατείαν	case	high
18	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 ἐπιστρατείαν	det	high
19	ἐπιστρατείαν	ἐπιστρατεία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἀνεσκευάσαντο	obl	high	Accusative complement of κατά, ‘during/on the expedition’.
20	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 Θεσσαλῶν	det	high
21	Θεσσαλῶν	Θεσσαλός	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἐπιστρατείαν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἐπιστρατείαν; τὴν Θεσσαλῶν is an attributive/identifying phrase.
22	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 χωρίον	punct	high

Sentence 3

9.14.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 23
Input: 784
Output: 1,757
Total: 2,541

οἱ Θεσσαλοὶ δὲ τότε, ὡς ἑλεῖν τὸν Κερησσόν σφισι πειρωμένοις ἐφαίνετο ἐλπίδος κρεῖσσον, ἀφίκοντο ἐς Δελφοὺς παρὰ τὸν θεόν, καὶ

The concessive/comparative ὡς-clause is syntactically difficult: ἑλεῖν is an articular infinitive with τὸν Κερησσόν as object, while σφισι πειρωμένοις is a dative plural participial phrase; κρεῖσσον is neuter predicative/comparative, with ἐλπίδος dependent in the genitive. The sentence continues after καί.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-_---NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	2 Θεσσαλοὶ	det	high
2	Θεσσαλοὶ	Θεσσαλός	PROPN	N--P---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 ἀφίκοντο	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
3	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	16 ἀφίκοντο	cc	high
4	τότε	τότε	ADV	D---------	PronType=Dem	16 ἀφίκοντο	advmod	high
5	,	,	PUNCT	U---------	_	6 ὡς	punct	high
6	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	G---------	_	12 ἐφαίνετο	mark	medium	Introduces an explanatory/comparative subordinate clause.
7	ἑλεῖν	αἱρέω	VERB	V--AAN---	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	12 ἐφαίνετο	csubj	medium	Articular infinitive phrase; its article is omitted or understood in the supplied tokenization.
8	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-S---MAS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 Κερησσόν	det	high
9	Κερησσόν	Κερησσός	PROPN	N--S---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἑλεῖν	obj	high	Place-name; accusative object of ἑλεῖν.
10	σφισι	σφεῖς	PRON	P---D3P---	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	11 πειρωμένοις	iobj	medium	Reflexive/third-person plural dative; antecedent likely the Thessalians.
11	πειρωμένοις	πειράω	VERB	V-PMP-DPN-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	12 ἐφαίνετο	advcl	medium	Dative participle, probably agreeing with an understood dative referent; exact attachment is uncertain.
12	ἐφαίνετο	φαίνω	VERB	V3S-IIM---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	16 ἀφίκοντο	advcl	medium	Impersonal φαίνομαι construction; singular despite the plural main subject.
13	ἐλπίδος	ἐλπίς	NOUN	N-SF-SG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 κρεῖσσον	obl	medium	Genitive of comparison/standard with κρεῖσσον.
14	κρεῖσσον	κρείσσων	ADJ	A-SNN---C-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἐφαίνετο	xcomp	medium	Neuter comparative, likely predicative with an understood infinitival proposition.
15	,	,	PUNCT	U---------	_	16 ἀφίκοντο	punct	high
16	ἀφίκοντο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V3P-AMI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	18 Δελφοὺς	case	high	Variant/prepositional form of εἰς.
18	Δελφοὺς	Δελφοί	PROPN	N--P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 ἀφίκοντο	obl	high
19	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	R---------	_	21 θεόν	case	high
20	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-S---MAS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 θεόν	det	high
21	θεόν	θεός	NOUN	N-SM-SMA---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ἀφίκοντο	obl	high	παρὰ with accusative: to/ before the god.
22	,	,	PUNCT	U---------	_	16 ἀφίκοντο	punct	high
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	16 ἀφίκοντο	cc	medium	Coordinates a following clause or continuation beyond the supplied sentence.

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