Grammar parses for passage 9.14.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐλθὼν δὲ Ἀργείους μὲν προσελάβετο ἑκουσίους συμμάχους, Μαντινέας δὲ κατὰ κώμας ὑπὸ Ἀγησιπόλιδος διῳκισμένους ἐς τὴν ἀρχαίαν συνήγαγεν αὖθις πόλιν·
The participle ἐλθών is a circumstantial nominative masculine singular referring to the implicit subject of προσελάβετο/συνήγαγεν. Μαντινέας is the object of συνήγαγεν; διῳκισμένους is a perfect passive participle modifying Μαντινέας, with ὑπό-agent. The μεν...δε construction contrasts the two objects/actions.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐλθὼν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-PAI-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 προσελάβετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject understood with the finite verbs. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 προσελάβετο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 προσελάβετο | obj | high | Object of προσελάβετο; ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 Ἀργείους | discourse | high | First member of μεν...δε contrast. |
| 5 | προσελάβετο | προσλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite aorist middle verb; governs the first coordinated object. |
| 6 | ἑκουσίους | ἑκούσιος | ADJ | A---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 συμμάχους | amod | high | Agrees with συμμάχους. |
| 7 | συμμάχους | σύμμαχος | NOUN | N-----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 προσελάβετο | obj | high | Predicative/appositional object complement to Ἀργείους, describing them as willing allies. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 προσελάβετο | punct | high | |
| 9 | Μαντινέας | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | A-----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 συνήγαγεν | obj | high | Object of συνήγαγεν. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 συνήγαγεν | cc | high | Second member of μεν...δε contrast. |
| 11 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 12 κώμας | case | high | Takes accusative κώμας, expressing distribution. |
| 12 | κώμας | κώμη | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 διῳκισμένους | obl | high | Adverbial accusative within the participial phrase, with κατά. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 14 Ἀγησιπόλιδος | case | high | Introduces the agent of the passive participle. |
| 14 | Ἀγησιπόλιδος | Ἀγησίπολις | PROPN | N-----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 διῳκισμένους | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with ὑπό. |
| 15 | διῳκισμένους | διοικίζω | VERB | V-RPM-PAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 συνήγαγεν | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying Μαντινέας. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 21 πόλιν | case | high | Introduces the destination. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀρχαίαν | det | high | Article modifying ἀρχαίαν. |
| 18 | ἀρχαίαν | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 πόλιν | amod | high | Modifies πόλιν. |
| 19 | συνήγαγεν | συνάγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 προσελάβετο | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb, with shared subject. |
| 20 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 19 συνήγαγεν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning again. |
| 21 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 συνήγαγεν | obl | high | Destination complement with ἐς; semantically the destination to which the Mantineans were regathered. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 προσελάβετο | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ πολίσματα τὰ Ἀρκάδων ὁπόσα εἶχεν ἀσθενῶς καταλῦσαι πείσας τοὺς Ἀρκάδας, πατρίδα ἐν κοινῷ σφισιν ᾤκισεν, ἣ Μεγάλη καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι καλεῖται πόλις.
The main predicate is ᾤκισεν, with τὰ πολίσματα ... ὁπόσα εἶχεν as its object; πείσας is a circumstantial participle with τοὺς Ἀρκάδας as object, and ἣ ... πόλις is a relative clause identifying πατρίδα. The syntax of ἀσθενῶς καταλῦσαι is somewhat compressed: it expresses persuading the Arcadians to destroy/abandon weakly or insufficiently fortified settlements.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 πολίσματα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 18 ᾤκισεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | πολίσματα | πολίσμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ᾤκισεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 πολίσματα | det | high | Article repeated before the genitive modifier. |
| 5 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 πολίσματα | nmod | high | |
| 6 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 εἶχεν | obj | medium | Relative/indefinite quantity pronoun, referring to the settlements. |
| 7 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 3 πολίσματα | acl:relcl | high | |
| 8 | ἀσθενῶς | ἀσθενῶς | ADV | D | _ | 9 καταλῦσαι | advmod | medium | Adverbial modification is semantically compressed; may qualify the manner/degree of καταλῦσαι. |
| 9 | καταλῦσαι | καταλύω | VERB | V-AN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 πείσας | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after πείσας. |
| 10 | πείσας | πείθω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ᾤκισεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with the understood masculine subject. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἀρκάδας | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 πείσας | obj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 πείσας | punct | high | |
| 14 | πατρίδα | πατρίς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ᾤκισεν | obj | high | Predicative/object complement-like accusative with ᾤκισεν: established a homeland. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 16 κοινῷ | case | high | |
| 16 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 πατρίδα | obl | medium | Substantivized/elliptical phrase, likely ‘in common’; syntactically attached to πατρίδα or the establishment. |
| 17 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 18 ᾤκισεν | iobj | high | Third-person plural dative pronoun, ‘for themselves/them’. |
| 18 | ᾤκισεν | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ᾤκισεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἣ | ὅς | PRON | P-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to πατρίδα. |
| 21 | Μεγάλη | μέγας | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 πόλις | amod | high | Part of the proper name Μεγάλη πόλις. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 καλεῖται | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 24 ἡμᾶς | case | high | |
| 24 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 26 καλεῖται | obl | high | |
| 25 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 26 καλεῖται | advmod | high | |
| 26 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 27 πόλις | acl:relcl | high | Passive/middle in meaning: ‘is still called’. |
| 27 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | The relative clause is copular/nominal; ἣ is its subject and πόλις its predicative noun. A single-sentence dependency tree would attach this clause to ᾤκισεν, but nominal predication makes the root analysis structurally ambiguous. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ᾤκισεν | punct | high |