Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.14.5

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Passage 9.14.5

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4sentences parsed

54Greek tokens

2,814input tokens

4,145output tokens

Sentence 2

9.14.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 12
Input: 699
Output: 906
Total: 1,605

ὁ οὖν Ἐπαμινώνδας ὑπεριδὼν ὡς οὐκ ὄντα ἐν καιρῷ τὸν νόμον ἐβοιωτάρχει

ὑπεριδών is an aorist participle governing the accusative νόμον through the predicative ὡς οὐκ ὄντα phrase; ἐβοιωτάρχει means ‘was Boeotarch’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 Ἐπαμινώνδας	det	high
2	οὖν	οὖν	ADV	D--------	_	12 ἐβοιωτάρχει	discourse	high
3	Ἐπαμινώνδας	Ἐπαμινώνδας	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἐβοιωτάρχει	nsubj	high
4	ὑπεριδὼν	ὑπεροράω	VERB	V-AAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	12 ἐβοιωτάρχει	advcl	medium	Aorist participle, with omitted augment and contracted spelling.
5	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C--------	_	7 ὄντα	mark	high
6	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D--------	Polarity=Neg	7 ὄντα	advmod	high
7	ὄντα	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part	4 ὑπεριδὼν	ccomp	medium	Predicative accusative participle in the ὡς-clause; voice is not morphologically marked.
8	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	9 καιρῷ	case	high
9	καιρῷ	καιρός	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ὄντα	obl	high
10	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 νόμον	det	high
11	νόμον	νόμος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ὑπεριδὼν	obj	high
12	ἐβοιωτάρχει	βοιωταρχέω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high

Sentence 3

9.14.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 21
Input: 777
Output: 1,566
Total: 2,343

καὶ ἀφικόμενος τῷ στρατῷ πρὸς τὴν Σπάρτην, ὡς οὐκ ἀντεπῆγεν Ἀγησίλαος μαχούμενος, οὕτω πρὸς τὸν οἰκισμὸν τρέπεται Μεσσήνης.

The participle ἀφικόμενος is nominative and functions as a circumstantial participle with the implicit subject of τρέπεται, while μαχούμενος is a concessive/causal participle agreeing with Ἀγησίλαος inside the ὡς-clause. Μεσσήνης is a genitive dependent on οἰκισμὸν, expressing the settlement associated with Messene.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	2 ἀφικόμενος	cc	high
2	ἀφικόμενος	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-P τοptcp nom sg masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Med	19 τρέπεται	advcl	medium	Circumstantial participle, subject understood as the subject of τρέπεται.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art Dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 στρατῷ	det	high
4	στρατῷ	στρατός	NOUN	N Dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 ἀφικόμενος	obl	medium	Dative of accompaniment or association with ἀφικόμενος.
5	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	_	7 Σπάρτην	case	high
6	τὴν	ὁ	DET	Art Acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	7 Σπάρτην	det	high
7	Σπάρτην	Σπάρτη	PROPN	N Acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	2 ἀφικόμενος	obl	high	Goal complement of πρὸς.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 τρέπεται	punct	high
9	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	Conj	_	11 ἀντεπῆγεν	mark	high
10	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	Adv	Polarity=Neg	11 ἀντεπῆγεν	advmod	high
11	ἀντεπῆγεν	ἀντεπάγω	VERB	V Impf Act Ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	19 τρέπεται	advcl	medium	ὡς introduces a circumstantial/concessive subordinate clause; exact force is context-dependent.
12	Ἀγησίλαος	Ἀγησίλαος	PROPN	N Nom sg masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀντεπῆγεν	nsubj	high
13	μαχούμενος	μάχομαι	VERB	V-Fut-Med-Part Nom sg masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Fut\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Med	11 ἀντεπῆγεν	advcl	medium	Agrees with Ἀγησίλαος; circumstantial participle, likely referring to fighting.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 τρέπεται	punct	high
15	οὕτω	οὕτως	ADV	Adv	_	19 τρέπεται	advmod	high	Correlative adverb corresponding to the preceding ὡς-clause.
16	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	_	18 οἰκισμὸν	case	high
17	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art Acc sg masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 οἰκισμὸν	det	high
18	οἰκισμὸν	οἰκισμός	NOUN	N Acc sg masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 τρέπεται	obl	high	Goal complement of πρὸς.
19	τρέπεται	τρέπω	VERB	V Pres Mid Ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
20	Μεσσήνης	Μεσσήνη	PROPN	N Gen sg fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 οἰκισμὸν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on οἰκισμὸν; denotes the settlement associated with Messene.
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	19 τρέπεται	punct	high

Sentence 4

9.14.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 8
Input: 650
Output: 657
Total: 1,307

καὶ οἰκιστὴς Μεσσηνίοις τοῖς νῦν ἐστιν Ἐπαμινώνδας·

Copular clause: Ἐπαμινώνδας is the subject and οἰκιστής the predicate nominative; τοῖς νῦν is a substantivized temporal dative, ‘the Messenians of today,’ agreeing with Μεσσηνίοις. The word order places the subject after the copula.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	6 ἐστιν	cc	high
2	οἰκιστὴς	οἰκιστής	NOUN	N-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Predicate nominative with εἰμί.
3	Μεσσηνίοις	Μεσσήνιος	PROPN	N-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	2 οἰκιστὴς	iobj	medium	Dative of the people for whom he is founder; common noun usage is also possible.
4	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	P---md-p-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 Μεσσηνίοις	det	high	Article with substantivized νῦν.
5	νῦν	νῦν	ADV	D--------	_	3 Μεσσηνίοις	advmod	high	Substantivized with τοῖς: ‘those now/currently [living].’
6	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular root.
7	Ἐπαμινώνδας	Ἐπαμινώνδας	PROPN	N-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
8	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 5

9.14.5 sentence 5

Tokens: 13
Input: 688
Output: 1,016
Total: 1,704

καί μοι τὰ ἐς τὸν οἰκισμὸν ἐδήλωσε τὰ ἐς αὐτοὺς ἔχοντα Μεσσηνίους.

The sentence has two substantivized neuter-accusative τὰ phrases as objects of ἐδήλωσε; the second is modified by ἔχοντα and involves a somewhat compressed construction with Μεσσηνίους.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καί	καί	CCONJ	_	_	7 ἐδήλωσε	cc	high
2	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	7 ἐδήλωσε	iobj	high	Dative of reference/recipient.
3	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 ἐδήλωσε	obj	medium	Substantivized article, ‘the matters’; first object of ἐδήλωσε.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	6 οἰκισμὸν	case	high
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 οἰκισμὸν	det	high
6	οἰκισμὸν	οἰκισμός	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 τὰ	nmod	high	Object of ἐς; dependent on the substantivized τὰ.
7	ἐδήλωσε	δηλόω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
8	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 ἔχοντα	obj	medium	Substantivized article, ‘the things’; second object of ἐδήλωσε, with participial modifier.
9	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	10 αὐτοὺς	case	high
10	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	11 ἔχοντα	obl	medium	Object of ἐς; refers to the Messenians.
11	ἔχοντα	ἔχω	VERB	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	8 τὰ	acl	medium	Present active participle agreeing with substantivized neuter plural τὰ; construction means ‘the things concerning them’.
12	Μεσσηνίους	Μεσσήνιος	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ἔχοντα	obj	medium	Accusative object of ἔχοντα; alternatively may be construed as an appositional/elliptical reference to the subject matter.
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐδήλωσε	punct	high

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