Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.14.7

Sentence 1

9.14.7 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 884
Output: 2,156
Total: 3,040

Ἐπαμινώνδας δὲ τοὺς ἐπιθεμένους τρέπεται καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸ ἀφικόμενος Ἀθηναίων τὸ ἄστυ, ὡς ἐπεξιέναι μαχουμένους τοὺς Ἀθηναίους ἐκώλυεν Ἰφικράτης, ὁ δὲ αὖθις ἐς τὰς Θήβας ἀπήλαυνε.

Ἐπαμινώνδας is the subject of τρέπεται and the understood subject of ἀφικόμενος; ὡς introduces a causal explanatory clause with Ἰφικράτης as subject of ἐκώλυεν, while ὁ (Ἐπαμινώνδας) resumes the main subject for ἀπήλαυνε. The object of ἐκώλυεν is the articular infinitive phrase τοὺς Ἀθηναίους μαχουμένους ἐπεξιέναι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἐπαμινώνδας	Ἐπαμινώνδας	PROPN	N----MS--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 τρέπεται	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	5 τρέπεται	cc	high
3	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	S----AMP-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ἐπιθεμένους	det	high
4	ἐπιθεμένους	ἐπιτίθημι	VERB	VAAM-PMP-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	5 τρέπεται	obj	medium	Substantivized participle, object of τρέπεται.
5	τρέπεται	τρέπω	VERB	V3SPMI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	9 ἀφικόμενος	cc	high
7	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R--------	_	8 αὐτὸ	case	high
8	αὐτὸ	αὐτός	PRON	P----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 ἀφικόμενος	obl	high	Refers to the city/place.
9	ἀφικόμενος	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	VAAM-SNM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	28 ἀπήλαυνε	advcl	high	Conjunct participle with Ἐπαμινώνδας as understood subject.
10	Ἀθηναίων	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἄστυ	nmod	high
11	τὸ	ὁ	DET	S----ANS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἄστυ	det	high
12	ἄστυ	ἄστυ	NOUN	N----ANS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 αὐτὸ	obl	high	Object of πρὸς, with Ἀθηναίων as genitive modifier.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἀφικόμενος	punct	high
14	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C--------	_	19 ἐκώλυεν	mark	high	Causal/explanatory use.
15	ἐπεξιέναι	ἐπέρχομαι	VERB	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	19 ἐκώλυεν	xcomp	medium	Infinitive within the content of what Iphicrates prevented.
16	μαχουμένους	μάχομαι	VERB	VPMP-PAM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	15 ἐπεξιέναι	advcl	high	Concurrent participle, subject controlled by τοὺς Ἀθηναίους.
17	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	S----AMP-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 Ἀθηναίους	det	high
18	Ἀθηναίους	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A----AMP-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 ἐπεξιέναι	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive ἐπεξιέναι.
19	ἐκώλυεν	κωλύω	VERB	V3SIAI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	9 ἀφικόμενος	advcl	high	Subject is Ἰφικράτης.
20	Ἰφικράτης	Ἰφικράτης	PROPN	N----MS--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἐκώλυεν	nsubj	high
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐκώλυεν	punct	high
22	ὁ	ὁ	PRON	P----NMS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 ἀπήλαυνε	nsubj	high	Substantival resumptive pronoun, referring to Ἐπαμινώνδας.
23	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	28 ἀπήλαυνε	cc	high
24	αὖθις	αὖθις	ADV	D--------	_	28 ἀπήλαυνε	advmod	high
25	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	27 Θήβας	case	high
26	τὰς	ὁ	DET	S----APF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	27 Θήβας	det	high
27	Θήβας	Θῆβαι	PROPN	N----APF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	28 ἀπήλαυνε	obl	high	Place name conventionally plural.
28	ἀπήλαυνε	ἀπελαύνω	VERB	V3SIAI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Main narrative verb; coordination with preceding verbal event is paratactic.
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	28 ἀπήλαυνε	punct	high

Sentence 2

9.14.7 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 701
Output: 1,030
Total: 1,731

καὶ δίκην μὲν ἔφυγεν ὑπὲρ θανάτου, διότι ἐβοιωτάρχησεν ἐξήκοντος ἤδη τοῦ χρόνου·

The main verb ἔφυγεν governs δίκην as an object and ὑπὲρ θανάτου as the charge/matter escaped; διότι introduces the causal clause, where ἐβοιωτάρχησεν is modified by the genitive absolute ἐξήκοντος ἤδη τοῦ χρόνου.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	4 ἔφυγεν	cc	high
2	δίκην	δίκη	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἔφυγεν	obj	high	Accusative object with φυγεῖν/φεύγω in the sense ‘escape a penalty/charge’.
3	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	2 δίκην	discourse	high	Correlative particle; anticipated contrast is not expressed within this sentence.
4	ἔφυγεν	φεύγω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
5	ὑπὲρ	ὑπέρ	ADP	_	_	6 θανάτου	case	high
6	θανάτου	θάνατος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἔφυγεν	obl	high	Genitive complement of ὑπέρ.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἔφυγεν	punct	high
8	διότι	διότι	SCONJ	_	_	9 ἐβοιωτάρχησεν	mark	high	Causal subordinating conjunction.
9	ἐβοιωτάρχησεν	βοιωταρχέω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	4 ἔφυγεν	advcl	high	Causal subordinate predicate.
10	ἐξήκοντος	ἐξήκω	VERB	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	13 χρόνου	acl	medium	Present active genitive participle, forming a genitive absolute with τοῦ χρόνου; semantically ‘the term/time having reached sixty’.
11	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	_	_	10 ἐξήκοντος	advmod	high
12	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 χρόνου	det	high
13	χρόνου	χρόνος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἐβοιωτάρχησεν	nsubj	medium	Subject of the genitive absolute with ἐξήκοντος; attachment to the causal verb is represented through the participial clause.
14	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἔφυγεν	punct	high

Passage 9.14.7