Grammar parses for passage 9.15.1
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ δυναστεύων Ἀλέξανδρος Πελοπίδαν ἐλθόντα---ἀφίκετο δὲ ὡς παρὰ ἄνδρα ἰδίᾳ τε εὔνουν αὑτῷ καὶ Θηβαίων φίλον τῷ κοινῷ--- παραγενόμενον δὴ τὸν Πελοπίδαν ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος δήσας εἶχεν
The passage contains a parenthetical ἀφίκετο clause and a main construction with accusative participles (ἐλθόντα, παραγενόμενον) referring to Πελοπίδαν; εἶχεν is the main root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 3 ταῦτα | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 εἶχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Temporal accusative with μετά. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 5 Θεσσαλίᾳ | case | high | |
| 5 | Θεσσαλίᾳ | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 δυναστεύων | obl | high | |
| 6 | δυναστεύων | δυναστεύω | VERB | V-PAPNSM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 Ἀλέξανδρος | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 7 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | Πελοπίδαν | Πελοπίδας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 παραγενόμενον | obj | medium | Object carried through the participial construction; also construed with ἐλθόντα. |
| 9 | ἐλθόντα | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAPASM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἀφίκετο | advcl | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with Πελοπίδαν; temporal/circumstantial. |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 37 εἶχεν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory finite clause. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | mark | high | Introduces the clause of intended destination/relationship. |
| 16 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 17 ἄνδρα | case | high | |
| 17 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | παρὰ with accusative. |
| 18 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A-DSF | Degree=Pos | 20 εὔνουν | advmod | medium | Adverbial use, privately/personally. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 εὔνουν | cc | high | |
| 20 | εὔνουν | εὔνους | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἄνδρα | amod | high | Predicative/object-oriented adjective with ἄνδρα. |
| 21 | αὑτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 20 εὔνουν | obl | high | Dative of reference. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 φίλον | cc | high | |
| 23 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 φίλον | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive. |
| 24 | φίλον | φίλος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἄνδρα | amod | high | Coordinated with εὔνουν. |
| 25 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 κοινῷ | det | high | |
| 26 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 φίλον | obl | high | Dative of reference: common/publicly. |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 30 | παραγενόμενον | παραγίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMPASM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 37 εἶχεν | advcl | high | Temporal participle, agreeing with Πελοπίδαν. |
| 31 | δὴ | δή | PART | PRT | _ | 30 παραγενόμενον | advmod | high | |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 Πελοπίδαν | det | high | |
| 33 | Πελοπίδαν | Πελοπίδας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 δήσας | obj | high | Object of δήσας. |
| 34 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 Ἀλέξανδρος | det | high | |
| 35 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 δήσας | nsubj | high | Subject of δήσας εἶχεν. |
| 36 | δήσας | δέω | VERB | V-AAPNSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 37 εἶχεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle expressing prior action. |
| 37 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high |
ὑπὸ ἀπιστίας τε καὶ ὕβρεως·
Elliptical prepositional phrase: ὑπὸ governs the coordinated genitives ἀπιστίας τε καὶ ὕβρεως; the larger phrase depends on omitted or contextually supplied material.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 ἀπιστίας | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive phrase. |
| 2 | ἀπιστίας | ἀπιστία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Genitive noun; coordinates with ὕβρεως under τε καί. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ὕβρεως | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ὕβρεως | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive nouns. |
| 5 | ὕβρεως | ὕβρις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἀπιστίας | conj | high | Genitive noun coordinated with ἀπιστίας. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀπιστίας | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Θηβαῖοι δὲ ἐπεξιέναι παραυτίκα ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον ὥρμηντο.
The impersonal verb ὥρμηντο takes the complementary infinitive ἐπεξιέναι; Θηβαῖοι is its nominative subject, and Ἀλέξανδρον is the accusative object of ἐπί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θηβαῖοι | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ὥρμηντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 8 ὥρμηντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπεξιέναι | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ὥρμηντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of ὥρμηντο. |
| 4 | παραυτίκα | παραυτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 ἐπεξιέναι | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἀλέξανδρον | case | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀλέξανδρον | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπεξιέναι | obl | high | Accusative governed by ἐπί. |
| 8 | ὥρμηντο | ὁρμάω | VERB | V3PIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὥρμηντο | punct | high |
ἡγεμόνας μὲν οὖν τῆς ἐξόδου Κλεομένην καὶ Ὕπατον ἐποιήσαντο βοιωταρχοῦντας ἐν τῷ τότε·
ἡγεμόνας is the object of ἐποιήσαντο, with Κλεομένην and Ὕπατον appositional/predicative accusatives; βοιωταρχοῦντας is a supplementary participle agreeing with the two men, and τῆς ἐξόδου depends on ἡγεμόνας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡγεμόνας | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | 粒 | _ | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-DFG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξόδου | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐξόδου | ἔξοδος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἡγεμόνας | nmod | high | |
| 6 | Κλεομένην | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἡγεμόνας | appos | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 Ὕπατον | cc | high | |
| 8 | Ὕπατον | Ὕπατος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Κλεομένην | conj | high | |
| 9 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | βοιωταρχοῦντας | βοιωταρχέω | VERB | V-PAP-AM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | xcomp | medium | Supplementary participle; its accusative agrees with Κλεομένην καὶ Ὕπατον collectively, while its exact attachment is somewhat construction-dependent. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 13 τότε | case | high | |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 τότε | det | high | |
| 13 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 βοιωταρχοῦντας | obl | high | Adverbial τότε substantivized with article; ἐν τῷ τότε means 'at that time'. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high |
Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ δὲ συνέβαινεν ἐν τοῖς στρατευομένοις τετάχθαι.
The impersonal συνέβαινεν takes τετάχθαι as its infinitival complement; Ἐπαμεινώνδας is an experiencer/affected-person dative, and ἐν τοῖς στρατευομένοις specifies the group or setting in which he was assigned.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | Ἐπαμεινώνδας | PROPN | Neut.Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 συνέβαινεν | iobj | high | Dative of the person experiencing or associated with the circumstance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 συνέβαινεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | συνέβαινεν | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect indicative; governs the articular participial construction. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 στρατευομένοις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative participle phrase. |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-MPl | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 στρατευομένοις | det | high | Article substantivizing or accompanying the participle. |
| 6 | στρατευομένοις | στρατεύομαι | VERB | V-PMP-Dpl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 τετάχθαι | obl | medium | Substantivized present middle participle, ‘those serving on campaign’; attached as the dative complement/domain of τετάχθαι. |
| 7 | τετάχθαι | τάσσω | VERB | V-RMP-AN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 3 συνέβαινεν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive infinitive in the construction συνέβαινεν ... τετάχθαι. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 συνέβαινεν | punct | high |