Grammar parses for passage 9.15.2
Open translation for this passage
γεγονυίας δὲ ἐκτὸς Πυλῶν οἱ τῆς δυνάμεως ἐπιτίθεταί σφισιν ἐν δυσχωρίαις λοχήσας ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος·
The sentence is syntactically difficult: γεγονυίας is an accusative absolute-like temporal participle with ἐκτός and Πυλῶν; οἱ is the article substantivizing τῆς δυνάμεως, while Ἀλέξανδρος is the postposed subject of ἐπιτίθεται. λοχήσας is a coordinated/circumstantial participle modifying Ἀλέξανδρος. The form ἐπιτίθεταί appears orthographically accented with final iota, but is analyzed as ἐπιτίθεται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γεγονυίας | γίγνομαι | VERB | VPAP-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | advcl | low | Likely temporal/circumstantial perfect active participle; accusative absolute-like construction, though its syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκτὸς | ἐκτός | ADP | -------- | _ | 4 Πυλῶν | case | high | Preposition governing Πυλῶν. |
| 4 | Πυλῶν | Πύλαι | PROPN | NPFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 γεγονυίας | obl | medium | Genitive plural place-name governed by ἐκτός. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 δυνάμεως | det | medium | Article substantivizing the genitive phrase τῆς δυνάμεως, probably ‘the men of the force’; exact referent is elliptical. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DGFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 δυνάμεως | det | high | Article agreeing with δυνάμεως. |
| 7 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | NGFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | nsubj | low | Genitive dependent on substantivized οἱ; treated as the subject phrase of ἐπιτίθεται, though the construction is compressed. |
| 8 | ἐπιτίθεταί | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Analyzed as ἐπιτίθεται, 3rd singular present middle indicative; accent/token spelling is unusual. |
| 9 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP3PD | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | iobj | high | Third-person plural dative pronoun, recipient/target of the attack. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | -------- | _ | 11 δυσχωρίαις | case | high | Preposition governing δυσχωρίαις. |
| 11 | δυσχωρίαις | δυσχωρία | NOUN | NFPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | obl | high | Locative circumstance with ἐν. |
| 12 | λοχήσας | λοχάω | VERB | VPMSNom | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 Ἀλέξανδρος | advcl | medium | Aorist active participle, circumstantial, agreeing with Ἀλέξανδρος; possibly ‘having ambushed/ lain in ambush’. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀλέξανδρος | det | high | Article with the proper name. |
| 14 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | NPMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | nsubj | high | Postposed nominative subject of ἐπιτίθεται. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπιτίθεταί | punct | high |