Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 9.18.4

← 9.18.39.18.5 →

Passage 9.18.4

Open translation for this passage

5sentences parsed
60Greek tokens
3,414input tokens
4,757output tokens
Sentence 1

9.18.4 sentence 1

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ἐν Μυσίᾳ τῇ ὑπὲρ Καΐκου πόλισμά ἐστι Πιονίαι,

The phrase τῇ ὑπὲρ Καΐκου modifies πόλισμά attributively; Πιονίαι is treated as a dative locative complement with some uncertainty.

nmod det case punct case nmod nsubj obl root 1 ἐν ἐν / ADP 2 Μυσίᾳ Μυσία / PROPN 3 τῇ ὁ / DET 4 ὑπὲρ ὑπέρ / ADP 5 Καΐκου Καΐκος / PROPN 6 πόλισμά πόλισμα / NOUN 7 ἐστι εἰμί / VERB 8 Πιονίαι Πιονία / PROPN 9 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνἐνADPPREP_2 ΜυσίᾳcasehighPreposition governing dative.
2ΜυσίᾳΜυσίαPROPNN--FD---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 πόλισμάnmodhighDative complement of ἐν.
3τῇDETT-DF---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 πόλισμάdethighArticle modifying πόλισμά.
4ὑπὲρὑπέρADPPREP_6 πόλισμάcasehighPreposition in attributive phrase.
5ΚαΐκουΚαΐκοςPROPNN--MG---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 πόλισμάnmodhighGenitive complement of ὑπέρ.
6πόλισμάπόλισμαNOUNN--NS---Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστιnsubjhighSubject of ἐστι.
7ἐστιεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular/existential verb as root.
8ΠιονίαιΠιονίαPROPNN--FD---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἐστιoblmediumDative locative/complement; form may be a place name in dative.
9,,PUNCT__7 ἐστιpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 2

9.18.4 sentence 2

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1,879

τὸν δὲ οἰκιστὴν οἱ ἐνταῦθα Πίονιν τῶν τινα ἀπογόνων τῶν Ἡρακλέους φασὶν εἶναι·

The clause is syntactically irregular, especially the sequence οἱ ἐνταῦθα Πίονιν τῶν τινα ἀπογόνων τῶν Ἡρακλέους, which likely contains a corrupted or elliptical apposition/predicate construction.

discourse obj obj nmod det det det nmod punct advmod amod det xcomp root 1 τὸν ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 οἰκιστὴν οἰκιστής / NOUN 4 οἱ ὁ / DET 5 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 6 Πίονιν Πίονις / PROPN 7 τῶν ὁ / DET 8 τινα τις / PRON 9 ἀπογόνων ἀπόγονος / NOUN 10 τῶν ὁ / DET 11 Ἡρακλέους Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 12 φασὶν φημί / VERB 13 εἶναι εἰμί / VERB 14 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸνDETS-Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 οἰκιστὴνdethighArticle modifying οἰκιστήν.
2δὲδέPARTG-_12 φασὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive discourse particle.
3οἰκιστὴνοἰκιστήςNOUNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 φασὶνobjhighDirect object of φασίν.
4οἱDETS-Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art6 ΠίονινdetmediumLikely article with ἐνταῦθα Πίονιν as a substantival phrase, though syntax is somewhat irregular.
5ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD-_6 ΠίονινadvmodmediumAdverb modifying Πίονιν or the following nominal phrase.
6ΠίονινΠίονιςPROPNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 φασὶνobjlowForm and function are unusual; treated as accusative proper name/predicate complement in reported speech.
7τῶνDETP-Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 ἀπογόνωνdethighArticle with ἀπογόνων.
8τινατιςPRONX-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind9 ἀπογόνωνamodmediumIndefinite pronoun modifying ἀπογόνων, though form is inflected as accusative singular.
9ἀπογόνωνἀπόγονοςNOUNN-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 ΠίονινnmodmediumGenitive plural dependent of Πίονιν; overall phrase is difficult.
10τῶνDETP-Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art11 ἩρακλέουςdethighArticle with Ἡρακλέους.
11ἩρακλέουςἩρακλῆςPROPNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἀπογόνωνnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἀπογόνων.
12φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain reporting verb.
13εἶναιεἰμίVERBV-PA--ATense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act12 φασὶνxcomphighComplement infinitive of φασίν.
14··PUNCT__12 φασὶνpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 3

9.18.4 sentence 3

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μελλόντων δὲ ἐναγίζειν αὐτῷ καπνὸς αὐτόματος ἄνεισιν ἐκ τοῦ τάφου.

The opening genitive absolute is elliptical: μελλόντων governs the infinitive phrase ἐναγίζειν αὐτῷ, while the main clause is καπνὸς αὐτόματος ἄνεισιν ἐκ τοῦ τάφου.

advcl discourse punct obl xcomp nsubj case iobj amod det root 1 μελλόντων μέλλω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἐναγίζειν ἐναγίζω / VERB 4 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 5 καπνὸς καπνός / NOUN 6 αὐτόματος αὐτόματος / ADJ 7 ἄνεισιν ἄνειμι / VERB 8 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 9 τοῦ ὁ / DET 10 τάφου τάφος / NOUN 11 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1μελλόντωνμέλλωVERBPAP-GPMAspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act7 ἄνεισινadvclhighGenitive absolute participle with implied subject of the infinitive.
2δὲδέPART__7 ἄνεισινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἐναγίζεινἐναγίζωVERBV-PAI-InfAspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act1 μελλόντωνxcomphighComplement infinitive governed by μέλλω.
4αὐτῷαὐτόςPRONRP3-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs3 ἐναγίζεινiobjmediumDative with the infinitive; likely indirect object/recipient.
5καπνὸςκαπνόςNOUNN-SM-NCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἄνεισινnsubjhighSubject of ἄνεισιν.
6αὐτόματοςαὐτόματοςADJA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 καπνὸςamodhighAttributive adjective modifying καπνός.
7ἄνεισινἄνειμιVERBV-PAI-3SAspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain finite verb.
8ἐκἐκADP__10 τάφουcasehighPreposition governing the genitive.
9τοῦDETRA-SGSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 τάφουdethighArticle modifying τάφου.
10τάφουτάφοςNOUNN-GM-SCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἄνεισινoblhighOblique complement of ἄνεισιν with ἐκ.
11..PUNCT__7 ἄνεισινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

9.18.4 sentence 4

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ταῦτα μὲν οὖν συμβαίνοντα εἶδον,

Main clause with participial complement: 'I saw these things happening.'

obj discourse discourse advcl punct root 1 ταῦτα οὗτος / PRON 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 οὖν οὖν / PART 4 συμβαίνοντα συμβαίνω / VERB 5 εἶδον ὁράω / VERB 6 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ταῦταοὗτοςPRONPd-P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem5 εἶδονobjhighDirect object of εἶδον.
2μὲνμένPARTG---------_4 συμβαίνονταdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
3οὖνοὖνPARTG---------_4 συμβαίνονταdiscoursehighInferential/discourse particle.
4συμβαίνοντασυμβαίνωVERBV-PAP-NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act5 εἶδονadvclhighParticiple modifying the situation seen.
5εἶδονὁράωVERBV-AAI-1S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFinite predicate; contextually 'I saw'.
6,,PUNCT__5 εἶδονpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 6

9.18.4 sentence 6

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ὁμολογοῦντες δὲ καὶ οὗτοι συμβῆναι Τειρεσίᾳ τὴν τελευτὴν ἐν τῇ Ἁλιαρτίᾳ, τὸ παρὰ σφίσιν ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι κενὸν μνῆμα.

Main clause ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι ... with an accusative-infinitive complement; initial participial clause ὁμολογοῦντες introduces the reported statement.

advcl nsubj det xcomp punct nmod punct obj obl case xcomp discourse cc iobj det det case xcomp amod root 1 ὁμολογοῦντες ὁμολογέω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 οὗτοι οὗτος / PRON 5 συμβῆναι συμβαίνω / VERB 6 Τειρεσίᾳ Τειρεσίας / PROPN 7 τὴν ὁ / DET 8 τελευτὴν τελευτή / NOUN 9 ἐν ἐν / ADP 10 τῇ ὁ / DET 11 Ἁλιαρτίᾳ Ἁλιαρτία / PROPN 12 , , / PUNCT 13 τὸ ὁ / DET 14 παρὰ παρά / ADP 15 σφίσιν σφεῖς / PRON 16 ἐθέλουσιν ἐθέλω / VERB 17 εἶναι εἰμί / VERB 18 κενὸν κενός / ADJ 19 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὁμολογοῦντεςὁμολογέωVERBV-PAP-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act16 ἐθέλουσινadvclhighConcessive/attendant participle modifying the main clause
2δὲδέPART__1 ὁμολογοῦντεςdiscoursehighPostpositive connective
3καὶκαίCCONJ__4 οὗτοιcchighConnects οὗτοι with the implied/previous subject set
4οὗτοιοὗτοςPRONP-DP-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem16 ἐθέλουσινnsubjhighSubject of ἐθέλουσιν
5συμβῆναισυμβαίνωVERBV-ANATense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act1 ὁμολογοῦντεςxcomphighComplement of ὁμολογοῦντες
6ΤειρεσίᾳΤειρεσίαςPROPNN-S--DMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 συμβῆναιiobjhighDative with συμβαίνω in sense 'befall' / 'happen to'
7τὴνDETL-SF-FACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art8 τελευτὴνdethighArticle with τελευτήν
8τελευτὴντελευτήNOUNN-S---FACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 συμβῆναιobjhighObject of συμβῆναι
9ἐνἐνADP__11 ἉλιαρτίᾳcasehighGoverned by Ἁλιαρτίᾳ
10τῇDETL-SF-DFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 ἉλιαρτίᾳdethighArticle with Ἁλιαρτίᾳ
11ἉλιαρτίᾳἉλιαρτίαPROPNN-S---DFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 τελευτὴνoblhighLocative oblique with ἐν
12,,PUNCT__16 ἐθέλουσινpuncthighComma
13τὸDETL-NS-NACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art19 μνῆμαdethighArticle with μνῆμα
14παρὰπαράADP__15 σφίσινcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase modifying εἶναι/μνῆμα
15σφίσινσφεῖςPRONP-P---DPCase=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs19 μνῆμαnmodmediumDative governed by παρά; exact attachment somewhat uncertain
16ἐθέλουσινἐθέλωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb
17εἶναιεἰμίVERBV-ANATense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act16 ἐθέλουσινxcomphighComplement of ἐθέλουσιν
18κενὸνκενόςADJA-S---NACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing19 μνῆμαamodhighAttributive adjective with μνῆμα
19μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN-S---NACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 εἶναιxcompmediumPredicative nominal in infinitival clause; could also be analyzed as object complement
20..PUNCT__16 ἐθέλουσινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation
← 9.18.39.18.5 →