Grammar parses for passage 9.20.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ τοῦ Διονύσου τῷ ναῷ θέας μὲν καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα ἄξιον
Elliptical nominal clause: ἐν ... τῷ ναῷ gives the locative setting, with θέας ἄξιον understood as ‘worth seeing’; τὸ ἄγαλμα is the neuter subject of an implied/copular ἐστίν, and μὲν καὶ is correlative/continuative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναῷ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 ναῷ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Διονύσου | det | high | |
| 4 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | proper name | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναῷ | nmod | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S----DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναῷ | det | high | |
| 6 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N----DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξιον | obl | high | Object of ἐν; the whole prepositional phrase supplies the setting. |
| 7 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξιον | obl | high | Genitive of verbal value with ἄξιον: ‘worthy/worth seeing’. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 ἄξιον | cc | high | Correlative/continuative particle; counterpart may be supplied by context. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Here additive, linking the subject phrase with the preceding evaluation. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξιον | nsubj | high | Subject of an omitted/copular verb. |
| 12 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | A----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Predicative adjective in an elliptical nominal clause; an implied ἐστίν is understood. |
λίθου τε ὂν Παρίου καὶ ἔργον Καλάμιδος ,
Elliptical coordinated nominal phrase: λίθου ... ὂν ... καὶ ἔργον ...; ὂν is likely a form of εἰμί agreeing with an omitted neuter singular referent, while λίθου and ἔργον are coordinated predicative descriptions. The form ὂν is orthographically uncertain (possibly ὄν).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὂν | nmod | medium | Genitive of material, dependent on the omitted/elliptical nominal construction. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἔργον | cc | high | Postpositive connective, coordinating the two descriptions. |
| 3 | ὂν | εἰμί | AUX | V-SPNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἔργον | cop | low | Likely nominative neuter singular present active participle of εἰμί; accent/form in the input is unusual and the construction is elliptical. |
| 4 | Παρίου | Πάριος | ADJ | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λίθου | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of λίθου, ‘Parian’. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἔργον | cc | high | Coordinates the second nominal description. |
| 6 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N--NSA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Nominal head of the elliptical phrase; nominative neuter singular, with Καλάμιδος as an attributive genitive. |
| 7 | Καλάμιδος | Καλάμις | PROPN | Ne-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive proper name, ‘of Kalamis’, dependent on ἔργον. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔργον | punct | high |
θαῦμα δὲ παρέχεται μεῖζον ἔτι ὁ Τρίτων.
The sentence is construed as θαῦμα (subject) παρέχεται (middle/passive verb, ‘is presented/affords’) with μεῖζον as a predicative comparative; ὁ Τρίτων is the proper-name subject or appositional specification, with attachment somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 παρέχεται | nsubj | medium | Neuter nominative subject; could also be interpreted as an accusative-like object with παρέχεται, but nominative is preferred. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 παρέχεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | v3spim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present middle; contextual translation may be ‘is presented’ or ‘affords.’ |
| 4 | μεῖζον | μέγας | ADJ | a-s---na-s | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 παρέχεται | xcomp | medium | Neuter comparative, plausibly predicative with θαῦμα; exact syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 5 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 4 μεῖζον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the comparative. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Τρίτων | det | high | Article with the proper name. |
| 7 | Τρίτων | Τρίτων | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 παρέχεται | nsubj | low | Proper-name nominative; attachment as a second subject or specification of the construction is uncertain. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 παρέχεται | punct | high |
ὁ μὲν δὴ σεμνότερος ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος τὰς γυναῖκάς φησι τὰς Ταναγραίων πρὸ τῶν Διονύσου ὀργίων ἐπὶ θάλασσαν καταβῆναι καθαρσίων ἕνεκα,
ὁ σεμνότερος λόγος is the subject of φησι; φησι governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction, with τὰς γυναῖκας as accusative subject of καταβῆναι. ἕνεκα postposes the genitive καθαρσίων. The exact semantic attachment of ἐς αὐτόν is somewhat elliptical but is treated as a complement of λόγος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 λόγος | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | Polarity=Pos | 4 σεμνότερος | discourse | high | Correlative particle; corresponding δὴ is treated as discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | Polarity=Pos | 10 φησι | discourse | high | |
| 4 | σεμνότερος | σεμνός | ADJ | A-NSM-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λόγος | amod | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 6 αὐτὸν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 6 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 λόγος | obl | medium | Elliptical referent/attachment; analyzed as an accusative complement of λόγος. |
| 7 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 φησι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 γυναῖκάς | det | high | |
| 9 | γυναῖκάς | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 καταβῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | φησι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 γυναῖκάς | det | high | |
| 12 | Ταναγραίων | Ταναγραῖος | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 γυναῖκάς | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/modifying γυναῖκας. |
| 13 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R | _ | 14 τῶν | case | high | |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ὀργίων | det | high | |
| 15 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | Ne-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ὀργίων | nmod | high | |
| 16 | ὀργίων | ὄργιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 καταβῆναι | obl | high | Object of πρό; πρό governs the genitive phrase. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 18 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 18 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 καταβῆναι | obl | high | Directional accusative with ἐπί. |
| 19 | καταβῆναι | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 φησι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησι. |
| 20 | καθαρσίων | καθάρσιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Genitive of purpose with ἕνεκα. |
| 21 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R | _ | 19 καταβῆναι | case | high | Postpositive purpose preposition governing καθαρσίων. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φησι | punct | high |
νηχομέναις δὲ ἐπιχειρῆσαι τὸν Τρίτωνα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας εὔξασθαι Διόνυσόν σφισιν ἀφικέσθαι βοηθόν,
Infinitival sequence: νηχομέναις is a dative participle, probably dependent on an omitted or preceding dative context; ἐπιχειρῆσαι governs the accusative Τρίτωνα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας, while εὔξασθαι has an accusative subject (Τρίτωνα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας) and an infinitival complement ἀφικέσθαι with βοηθόν predicative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νηχομέναις | νήχω | VERB | V--PMP-DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἐπιχειρῆσαι | advcl | medium | Dative present active participle; syntactic attachment is uncertain in this excerpt. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐπιχειρῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπιχειρῆσαι | ἐπιχειρέω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active infinitive; broader governing context is omitted. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Τρίτωνα | det | high | |
| 5 | Τρίτωνα | Τρίτων | PROPN | NP--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπιχειρῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Τρίτωνα | cc | high | |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | DA--APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 γυναῖκας | det | high | |
| 8 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N--AF-P-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 Τρίτωνα | conj | high | Coordinated accusative with Τρίτωνα. |
| 9 | εὔξασθαι | εὔχομαι | VERB | V--AMN-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 3 ἐπιχειρῆσαι | xcomp | medium | Aorist middle infinitive, likely complementary to ἐπιχειρῆσαι. |
| 10 | Διόνυσόν | Διόνυσος | PROPN | NP--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀφικέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀφικέσθαι; semantically the one expected to arrive. |
| 11 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP--DPM- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 ἀφικέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/reference. |
| 12 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--AMN-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 εὔξασθαι | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by εὔξασθαι. |
| 13 | βοηθόν | βοηθός | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀφικέσθαι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicative complement to Διόνυσον with ἀφικέσθαι. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπιχειρῆσαι | punct | high |
ὑπακοῦσαί τε δὴ τὸν θεὸν καὶ τοῦ Τρίτωνος κρατῆσαι τῇ μάχῃ·
Infinitival coordination: ὑπακοῦσαι takes τὸν θεόν as accusative subject and is coordinated with κρατῆσαι; τοῦ Τρίτωνος is a genitive complement of κρατῆσαι, while τῇ μάχῃ is a dative of circumstance or means. The governing finite verb is understood from context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπακοῦσαί | ὑπακούω | VERB | V-AIA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 κρατῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 1 ὑπακοῦσαί | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ὑπακοῦσαί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 κρατῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Τρίτωνος | det | high | |
| 8 | Τρίτωνος | Τρίτων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κρατῆσαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of κρατῆσαι. |
| 9 | κρατῆσαι | κρατέω | VERB | V-AIA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ὑπακοῦσαί | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive; subject understood as τὸν θεόν. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κρατῆσαι | obl | high | Dative of circumstance or means. |
| 11 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κρατῆσαι | obl | high | |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὑπακοῦσαί | punct | high |