Grammar parses for passage 9.22.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ γένη δύο ἐνταῦθα ἀλεκτρυόνων, οἵ τε μάχιμοι καὶ οἱ κόσσυφοι καλούμενοι.
Syntax is somewhat appositional: ἔστι governs γένη δύο ἀλεκτρυόνων, followed by two coordinated nominal descriptions, οἵ τε μάχιμοι and οἱ κόσσυφοι καλούμενοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 4 γένη | cc | high | Links the quantified noun phrase with the following appositive/coordination. |
| 4 | γένη | γένος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔστι | obj | high | Accusative predicate/complement with existential ἔστι. |
| 5 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 γένη | nummod | high | Modifies γένη. |
| 6 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 7 | ἀλεκτρυόνων | ἀλεκτρυών | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 γένη | nmod | high | Partitive/attributive genitive dependent on γένη. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γένη | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 9 | οἵ | ὁ | PRON | P-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 μάχιμοι | det | high | Article introducing the first coordinated group. |
| 10 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 9 οἵ | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective; joins to οἵ μάχιμοι. |
| 11 | μάχιμοι | μάχιμος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 γένη | appos | medium | Predicate/appositive description of one kind of roosters; could be coordinated with the next phrase. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 οἱ | cc | high | Coordinates the two groups. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 κόσσυφοι | det | high | Article with κόσσυφοι. |
| 14 | κόσσυφοι | κόσσυφος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 μάχιμοι | conj | medium | Second coordinated label/type; alternatively another appositive to γένη. |
| 15 | καλούμενοι | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 κόσσυφοι | acl | high | Participial modifier of κόσσυφοι. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τούτων τῶν κοσσύφων μέγεθος μὲν κατὰ τοὺς Λυδούς ἐστιν ὄρνιθας, χρόα δὲ ἐμφερὴς κόρακι, κάλλαια δὲ καὶ ὁ λόφος κατὰ ἀνεμώνην μάλιστα·
The sentence is a set of loosely coordinated descriptive clauses with elliptical copulas and comparative phrases introduced by κατά.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--PGP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 κοσσύφων | det | high | Modifies κοσσύφων. |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | At--PGP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 κοσσύφων | det | high | Article with κοσσύφων. |
| 3 | κοσσύφων | κοσσύφος | NOUN | Nb-PGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 μέγεθος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μέγεθος. |
| 4 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | Nb-ASN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 μέγεθος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Λυδούς | case | high | Introduces comparative phrase. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | At-PAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λυδούς | det | high | Article with Λυδούς. |
| 8 | Λυδούς | Λυδός | PROPN | Ne-PAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὄρνιθας | obl | medium | Likely ellipsis with implied comparison standard; modifies ὄρνιθας. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 10 | ὄρνιθας | ὄρνις | NOUN | Nb-PAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστιν | obj | medium | In comparative construction after κατὰ; syntactic role somewhat elliptical. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | χρόα | χρόα | NOUN | Nb-ASF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject/topic. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 χρόα | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 14 | ἐμφερὴς | ἐμφερής | ADJ | A--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χρόα | amod | high | Predicate adjective with implied εἰσί(ν) or copular relation. |
| 15 | κόρακι | κόραξ | NOUN | Nb-DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐμφερὴς | obl | high | Dative of comparison. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐμφερὴς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | κάλλαια | κάλλαια | NOUN | Nb-NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Likely another coordinated predicate/topic; form is rare/uncertain. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 κάλλαια | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ὁ | cc | high | Connects ὁ λόφος within the same phrase. |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | At-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 λόφος | det | high | Article with λόφος. |
| 21 | λόφος | λόφος | NOUN | Nb-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject/topic for the final predication. |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 ἀνεμώνην | case | high | Introduces comparative phrase. |
| 23 | ἀνεμώνην | ἀνεμώνη | NOUN | Nb-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 λόφος | obl | high | Comparative/associative phrase modifying λόφος. |
| 24 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 21 λόφος | advmod | high | Degree modifier of the final comparison. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |