Grammar parses for passage 9.22.7
Open translation for this passage
εἶναι δὲ αὐτὸν ἁλιέα, καὶ ἐπεὶ τῆς πόας ἔφαγε, δαίμονα ἐν θαλάσσῃ γενέσθαι καὶ ἀνθρώποις τὰ ἐσόμενα ἐς τόδε προλέγειν
The sentence is an indirect report with coordinated infinitival clauses; the main syntactic challenge is deciding the attachment of the first infinitive phrase and the coordination structure around γενέσθαι and προλέγειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 ἁλιέα | cop | high | Infinitive in indirect statement, governed by participial/infinitival sequence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3msa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἁλιέα | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 4 | ἁλιέα | ἁλιεύς | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicative complement in indirect statement. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἁλιέα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 15 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates with the following infinitival clause. |
| 7 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 ἔφαγε | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing causal/temporal clause. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Dd-sfg--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 πόας | det | high | Article. |
| 9 | πόας | πόα | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔφαγε | obj | high | Object of ἔφαγε. |
| 10 | ἔφαγε | ἐσθίω | VERB | V-3AAI-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 γενέσθαι | advcl | high | Finite verb in subordinate clause introduced by ἐπεὶ. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔφαγε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Locative complement of γενέσθαι. |
| 15 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 ἁλιέα | conj | high | Coordinate infinitive dependent on the predicative center. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 22 προλέγειν | cc | high | Coordinates with the infinitive προλέγειν. |
| 17 | ἀνθρώποις | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 προλέγειν | iobj | high | Dative recipient with προλέγειν. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Dd-pna--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἐσόμενα | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | ἐσόμενα | εἰμί | VERB | V--PNM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 22 προλέγειν | obj | high | Substantivized participle, object of προλέγειν. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 21 τόδε | case | high | Preposition. |
| 21 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | Pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 22 προλέγειν | obl | high | Goal/endpoint with ἐς. |
| 22 | προλέγειν | προλέγω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 γενέσθαι | conj | high | Final coordinated infinitive. |
οἵ τε ἄλλοι πιστὰ ἥγηνται καὶ οἱ τὴν θάλασσαν πλέοντες πλεῖστα ἀνθρώπων ἐς τὴν Γλαύκου μαντικὴν κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον λέγουσι.
The sentence has two coordinated clauses: οἵ τε ἄλλοι ... ἥγηνται and οἱ ... λέγουσι; πιστὰ is best taken adverbially/accusatively rather than as a core argument.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἵ | ὁ | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἥγηνται | nsubj | high | Articular subject pronoun. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 οἵ | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 οἵ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying οἵ. |
| 4 | πιστὰ | πιστός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἥγηνται | obj | medium | Likely adverbial accusative meaning 'confidently/faithfully'. |
| 5 | ἥγηνται | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-3PPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect-like form contextually, but standard analysis as present middle indicative of deponent ἡγέομαι. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 20 λέγουσι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Articular subject for λέγουσι. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 θάλασσαν | det | high | Article modifying θάλασσαν. |
| 9 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πλέοντες | obj | high | Object of πλέοντες in the participial phrase. |
| 10 | πλέοντες | πλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 οἱ | acl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying οἱ. |
| 11 | πλεῖστα | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 λέγουσι | obj | medium | Accusative of extent/quantity with λέγουσι. |
| 12 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πλεῖστα | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison with πλεῖστα. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 μαντικὴν | case | high | Preposition governing μαντικὴν. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 μαντικὴν | det | high | Article modifying μαντικὴν. |
| 15 | Γλαύκου | Γλαῦκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 μαντικὴν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of μαντικὴν. |
| 16 | μαντικὴν | μαντική | NOUN | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 λέγουσι | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐς, destination/topic phrase. |
| 17 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἔτος | case | high | Preposition governing ἔτος. |
| 18 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 λέγουσι | obl | high | Temporal oblique with κατὰ. |
| 19 | ἕκαστον | ἕκαστος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔτος | amod | high | Modifies ἔτος. |
| 20 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 ἥγηνται | conj | high | Coordinated with ἥγηνται. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἥγηνται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Πινδάρῳ δὲ καὶ Αἰσχύλῳ πυνθανομένοις παρὰ Ἀνθηδονίων, τῷ μὲν οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἐπῆλθεν ᾆσαι τὰ ἐς Γλαῦκον, Αἰσχύλῳ δὲ καὶ ἐς ποίησιν δράματος ἐξήρκεσε.
The sentence has two main clauses with correlative μὲν ... δέ; the first participial phrase and its prepositional complement modify ἐπῆλθεν, while the second clause has a dative experiencer/benefactive with ἐξήρκεσε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πινδάρῳ | Πίνδαρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πυνθανομένοις | obl | high | Dative dependent with participle; one of the implied experiencers/agents. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 πυνθανομένοις | cc | high | Postpositive connector. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Αἰσχύλῳ | cc | high | Coordinates the two dative names. |
| 4 | Αἰσχύλῳ | Αἰσχύλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Πινδάρῳ | conj | high | Second coordinated dative name. |
| 5 | πυνθανομένοις | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | PMPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | advcl | high | Participial circumstance clause modifying ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 6 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Ἀνθηδονίων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 7 | Ἀνθηδονίων | Ἀνθηδών | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 πυνθανομένοις | obl | medium | Likely genitive complement of παρὰ; form is a collective/local ethnicon usage. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | expl | medium | Correlative dative article introducing the contrasted indirect object/benefactive. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 9 τῷ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 11 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 13 πολὺ | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 13 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | obl | high | Adverbial accusative of extent with ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 14 | ἐπῆλθεν | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 15 | ᾆσαι | ἀείδω | VERB | AORINF | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 ἐπῆλθεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ᾆσαι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 18 Γλαῦκον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | Γλαῦκον | Γλαῦκος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 τὰ | nmod | medium | Likely governed by τὰ as part of the phrase 'the things about Glaucus'. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐξήρκεσε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | Αἰσχύλῳ | Αἰσχύλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐξήρκεσε | obl | high | Dative of recipient/experiencer with second clause. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 Αἰσχύλῳ | cc | high | Postpositive connector. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 23 ἐς | cc | high | Coordinates prepositional phrases. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 24 ποίησιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | ποίησιν | ποίησις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἐξήρκεσε | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 25 | δράματος | δρᾶμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ποίησιν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ποίησιν. |
| 26 | ἐξήρκεσε | ἐξαρκέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐξήρκεσε | punct | high | Punctuation. |