Grammar parses for passage 9.23.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐντεῦθεν ἐς Ἀκραίφνιόν ἐστιν ὁδὸς τὰ πλείω πεδιάς.
Existential εἰμί has postposed subject ὁδός; τὰ πλείω πεδιάς is an accusative extent phrase modifying the route, with πεδιάς probably an accusative plural feminine form agreeing substantivally with τὰ πλείω only imperfectly/elliptically; the text may reflect a transmitted or orthographic variant, so its morphology is low-confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 3 Ἀκραίφνιόν | case | high | Crasis-free variant of εἰς. |
| 3 | Ἀκραίφνιόν | Ἀκραίφνιον | PROPN | Neut-S-A---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | Place name governed by εἰς. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ὁδὸς | ὁδός | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Postposed nominative subject of existential εἰμί. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P---NAP---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 πλείω | det | medium | Article in the extent expression τὰ πλείω. |
| 7 | πλείω | πολύς | ADJ | A----NAP---- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 πεδιάς | amod | medium | Comparative adjective, substantival/elliptical; exact agreement with πεδιάς is problematic in the transmitted wording. |
| 8 | πεδιάς | πεδιάς | NOUN | N----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | obl | low | Likely accusative plural extent phrase; form and agreement with τὰ πλείω are textually or morphologically uncertain. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
εἶναι δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε μοῖραν τῆς Θηβαΐδος τὴν πόλιν φασὶ καὶ ὕστερον διαπεσόντας Θηβαίων ἐς αὐτὴν ἄνδρας εὕρισκον, ἡνίκα Ἀλέξανδρος ἐποίει τὰς Θήβας ἀναστάτους·
Infinitival accusative construction depends on φασί: τὴν πόλιν is the subject of εἶναι, with μοῖραν as predicate accusative; εὕρισκον introduces the later discovery, and ἡνίκα-clause is temporal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασὶ | ccomp | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 11 φασὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 4 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μοῖραν | obl | high | |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 μοῖραν | cc | high | |
| 6 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Θηβαΐδος | det | high | |
| 8 | Θηβαΐδος | Θηβαΐς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μοῖραν | nmod | high | |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 10 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 εὕρισκον | parataxis | medium | Main reporting verb; coordination and discourse structure are somewhat compressed. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 19 εὕρισκον | cc | high | |
| 13 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 19 εὕρισκον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | διαπεσόντας | διαπίπτω | VERB | V-2AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἄνδρας | acl | medium | Accusative participle modifying ἄνδρας; semantic relation is ‘after falling/being dispersed’. |
| 15 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 διαπεσόντας | nmod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 17 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF-3S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 διαπεσόντας | obl | high | Refers to the city. |
| 18 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 εὕρισκον | obj | high | Object of εὕρισκον, with participial modifier. |
| 19 | εὕρισκον | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-IAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First-person narrative main verb. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | ________ | _ | 19 εὕρισκον | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 ἐποίει | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 22 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἐποίει | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | ἐποίει | ποιέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 19 εὕρισκον | advcl | high | |
| 24 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 Θήβας | det | high | |
| 25 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 ἐποίει | obj | high | |
| 26 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 Θήβας | xcomp | high | Predicative object complement: ‘made Thebes desolate.’ |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | ________ | _ | 19 εὕρισκον | punct | high |
ὑπὸ δὲ ἀσθενείας καὶ γήρως οὐδὲ ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἀποσωθῆναι δυνηθέντες ἐνταῦθα ᾤκησαν.
Participial subject δυνηθέντες governs the infinitive ἀποσωθῆναι; ὑπό with genitive expresses the causes preventing their return, and ᾤκησαν is the finite root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 ἀσθενείας | case | high | Preposition governing the coordinated genitives ἀσθενείας and γήρως. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ᾤκησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀσθενείας | ἀσθένεια | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ᾤκησαν | obl | high | Cause adjunct with ὑπό. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 γήρως | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive causes. |
| 5 | γήρως | γῆρας | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἀσθενείας | conj | high | Coordinated genitive cause; γῆρας has genitive γήρως. |
| 6 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀποσωθῆναι | cc | high | Negative connective introducing the infinitival complement. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 9 Ἀττικὴν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative place-name. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἀττικὴν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀττικήν. |
| 9 | Ἀττικὴν | Ἀττική | PROPN | NPR-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποσωθῆναι | obl | high | Destination/place complement within the infinitive. |
| 10 | ἀποσωθῆναι | ἀποσῴζω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 δυνηθέντες | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive dependent on δυνηθέντες: 'to be brought safely back'. |
| 11 | δυνηθέντες | δύναμαι | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, agreeing with the understood plural subject of ᾤκησαν; semantically concessive/circumstantial. |
| 12 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | AdvType=Loc | 13 ᾤκησαν | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying ᾤκησαν. |
| 13 | ᾤκησαν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main predicate. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ᾤκησαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
κεῖται μὲν τὸ πόλισμα ἐν ὄρει τῷ Πτώῳ, θέας δὲ ἄξια ἐνταῦθα Διονύσου ναός ἐστι καὶ ἄγαλμα.
Two coordinated clauses: κεῖται governs τὸ πόλισμα with a locative ἐν-phrase; ἄξια is a predicate adjective with θέας as genitive of respect, while ναός ἐστι καὶ ἄγαλμα forms the second coordinated predication. The neuter plural ἄξια is construed predicatively with the following coordinated singular subjects ναός and ἄγαλμα (or as an attraction to the plural semantic group); this agreement is syntactically marked.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite middle/deponent verb, 'lies/is situated'. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 1 κεῖται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, balancing δέ. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πόλισμα | det | high | |
| 4 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of κεῖται. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ὄρει | case | high | |
| 6 | ὄρει | ὄρος | NOUN | N----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | obl | high | Locative complement of κεῖται. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Πτώῳ | det | high | |
| 8 | Πτώῳ | Πτῶος | PROPN | A----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρει | nmod | high | Proper-name modifier identifying the mountain. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high | |
| 10 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N----G-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξια | obl | high | Genitive of respect with ἄξια, 'worthy in respect of viewing'. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐστι | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 12 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective; plural neuter agreement is marked with coordinated singular neuter subjects. |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἐστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb, 'here'. |
| 14 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ναός | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival modifier of ναός; temple of Dionysus. |
| 15 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστι | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject of ἐστι. |
| 16 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second finite predication; coordination with κεῖται is syndetic via δέ, while the copular structure has fronted predicate adjective. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Coordinates ἄγαλμα with ναός. |
| 18 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστι | conj | high | Second coordinated subject of ἐστι. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐστι | punct | high |