Grammar parses for passage 9.23.7
Open translation for this passage
ὑπερβαλόντων δὲ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Πτῶον ἔστιν ἐπὶ θαλάσσης Βοιωτῶν πόλις Λάρυμνα,
The opening genitive absolute (ὑπερβαλόντων ... τὸ Πτῶον) is subordinate to the existential/presentational clause; πόλις Λάρυμνα is the introduced city, with ἐπὶ θαλάσσης and Βοιωτῶν as nominal modifiers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπερβαλόντων | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | V--AAP-GPM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with δὲ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ὑπερβαλόντων | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NAN-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ὄρος | det | high | |
| 4 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N--NA N-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ὑπερβαλόντων | obl | high | Object of ὑπερβαλόντων. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NAN-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Πτῶον | det | high | |
| 6 | Πτῶον | Πτῶον | PROPN | N--NAN-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὄρος | appos | high | Proper-name apposition specifying the mountain. |
| 7 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational clause. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 9 θαλάσσης | case | high | With genitive θαλάσσης, ‘on/by the sea’. |
| 9 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--G G-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πόλις | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 10 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πόλις | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive: ‘of the Boeotians’. |
| 11 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N--NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominal subject in existential presentation. |
| 12 | Λάρυμνα | Λάρυμνα | PROPN | N--NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πόλις | appos | high | Appositional place name identifying the city. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔστιν | punct | high |
γενέσθαι δὲ αὐτῇ τὸ ὄνομά φασιν ἀπὸ Λαρύμνης τῆς Κύνου· τοὺς δὲ ἀνωτέρω προγόνους δηλώσει μοι τὰ ἔχοντα ἐς Λοκροὺς τοῦ λόγου.
Two coordinated clauses: φασιν governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction with γενέσθαι; δηλώσει is future and takes τὰ ἔχοντα ἐς Λοκρούς τοῦ λόγου as its object, with μοι as dative of reference. The precise attachment of τῆς Κύνου within the first clause is interpreted as apposition/identification with Λαρύμνης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--ANM-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 6 φασιν | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction governed by φασιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 φασιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P3SF-D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ὄνομά | iobj | medium | Dative associated with ὄνομα, likely possessive/ethical dative: 'for it/her'. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-SNA-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ὄνομά | det | high | Article with neuter nominative subject ὄνομα. |
| 5 | ὄνομά | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SNA-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 6 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate, introducing reported speech/content. |
| 7 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 8 Λαρύμνης | case | high | Preposition governing Λαρύμνης. |
| 8 | Λαρύμνης | Λαρύμνη | PROPN | Ne-SG---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Genitive of source with ἀπό. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-SGF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Κύνου | det | high | Article with Κύνου. |
| 10 | Κύνου | Κῦνος | PROPN | Ne-SG---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Λαρύμνης | appos | medium | Interpreted as appositional identification of Λαρύμνη; name morphology is uncertain. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high | Greek ano teleia. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-PMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 προγόνους | det | high | Article with προγόνους. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 δηλώσει | cc | high | Connects the second clause to the preceding statement. |
| 14 | ἀνωτέρω | ἄνω | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 15 προγόνους | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying προγόνους: earlier/ancestral above. |
| 15 | προγόνους | πρόγονος | NOUN | N-PMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 δηλώσει | obj | high | Accusative object of δηλώσει. |
| 16 | δηλώσει | δηλόω | VERB | V-FAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 6 φασιν | parataxis | medium | Future predicate; construed as an independent coordinated clause after the semicolon. |
| 17 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P1S-D--- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 16 δηλώσει | iobj | high | Dative of reference/recipient with δηλώσει. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-PNA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἔχοντα | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 19 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PPA-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 δηλώσει | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural participle, coordinated semantically with τὰ; exact relation to προγόνους is elliptical/uncertain. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 21 Λοκροὺς | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς, governing Λοκρούς. |
| 21 | Λοκροὺς | Λοκρός | PROPN | N-PMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἔχοντα | obl | high | Object of ἐς within the participial phrase. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-SMG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 λόγου | det | high | Article with λόγου. |
| 23 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-SMG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχοντα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the substantivized participial expression; likely 'the part of the account concerning the Locrians'. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ συνετέλει δὲ ἐς Ὀποῦντα ἡ Λάρυμνα τὸ ἀρχαῖον· Θηβαίων δὲ ἐπὶ μέγα ἰσχύος προελθόντων, τηνικαῦτα ἑκουσίως μετετάξαντο ἐς Βοιωτούς.
The first clause states that Larymna formerly belonged/was attached to Opus; the second uses a genitive absolute (Θηβαίων ... προελθόντων) and an aorist middle verb with implied subject referring to the Larymnaeans.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 συνετέλει | cc | high | |
| 2 | συνετέλει | συντελέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect describes the former connection. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 μετετάξαντο | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Ὀποῦντα | case | high | |
| 5 | Ὀποῦντα | Ὀποῦς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 συνετέλει | obl | medium | Place name in the accusative after ἐς. |
| 6 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Λάρυμνα | det | high | |
| 7 | Λάρυμνα | Λάρυμνα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 συνετέλει | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 9 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 συνετέλει | advmod | high | Accusative neuter adverbial phrase, ‘in ancient times’. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 συνετέλει | punct | high | |
| 11 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 προελθόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 μετετάξαντο | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 14 μέγα | case | high | With μέγα ἰσχύος, indicating advance to a high degree of power. |
| 14 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἰσχύος | amod | high | Neuter accusative modifying ἰσχύος in the idiomatic phrase ἐπὶ μέγα ἰσχύος. |
| 15 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 προελθόντων | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on the idiom ἐπὶ μέγα ἰσχύος. |
| 16 | προελθόντων | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 20 μετετάξαντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; lexical form προέρχομαι, with active aorist participle form. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προελθόντων | punct | high | |
| 18 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | _ | _ | 20 μετετάξαντο | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ἑκουσίως | ἑκουσίως | ADV | _ | _ | 20 μετετάξαντο | advmod | high | |
| 20 | μετετάξαντο | μετατάσσω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 2 συνετέλει | conj | high | Aorist middle, coordinated with the preceding clause. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 Βοιωτούς | case | high | |
| 22 | Βοιωτούς | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 μετετάξαντο | obl | high | Destination/group after ἐς. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 μετετάξαντο | punct | high |
Διονύσου δὲ ἐνταῦθα ναὸς καὶ ἄγαλμα ὀρθὸν πεποίηται.
The perfect middle/passive πεποίηται is impersonal or has a semantically understood subject, with ναός and ἄγαλμα coordinated as nominative subjects; ὀρθόν agrees with ἄγαλμα. Διονύσου is a genitive dependent on ναός and possibly also ἄγαλμα by coordination scope.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | Nbmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 8 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 8 πεποίηται | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | Ncms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | Nnns | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | conj | high | Coordinated nominative subject; neuter gender distinguishes it from ναός. |
| 7 | ὀρθὸν | ὀρθός | ADJ | A- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | |
| 8 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V3r med ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive, third singular; agreement is compatible with an impersonal construction or a semantically collective/understood subject. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high |
λιμὴν δέ σφισίν ἐστιν ἀγχιβαθής, καὶ τὰ ὄρη τὰ ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν ὑῶν παρέχεται θήραν ἀγρίων.
Two coordinated clauses: λιμήν ... ἐστιν and τὰ ὄρη ... παρέχεται; ὑῶν ἀγρίων is the genitive phrase ‘of wild swine’ modifying θήραν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λιμὴν | λιμήν | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | σφισίν | σφεῖς | PRON | p-------- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἀγχιβαθής | ἀγχιβαθής | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 15 παρέχεται | cc | high | |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ὄρη | det | high | |
| 9 | ὄρη | ὄρος | NOUN | n-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ὑπὲρ | det | high | |
| 11 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 13 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 13 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὄρη | nmod | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 14 | ὑῶν | ὗς | NOUN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 θήραν | nmod | medium | Genitive plural, likely dependent on θήραν: hunt of wild swine. |
| 15 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | v3spim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Coordinated main predicate; subject τὰ ὄρη. |
| 16 | θήραν | θήρα | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 παρέχεται | obj | high | |
| 17 | ἀγρίων | ἄγριος | ADJ | a-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ὑῶν | amod | medium | Agrees with ὑῶν; substantival sense ‘wild [swine]’ is also possible. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 παρέχεται | punct | high |