Grammar parses for passage 9.24.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐξ Ἀκραιφνίου δὲ ἰόντι εὐθεῖαν ἐπὶ λίμνην τὴν Κηφισίδα---οἱ δὲ Κωπαΐδα ὀνομάζουσι τὴν αὐτήν--- πεδίον καλούμενόν ἐστιν Ἀθαμάντιον·
Impersonal dative ἰόντι governs the directional phrase; πεδίον καλούμενον ἐστιν is the main clause, with Ἀθαμάντιον as predicative nominative. The parenthetical clause identifies Κηφισίς with Κωπαΐς; dashes are punctuation tokens.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | Case=Gen | 2 Ἀκραιφνίου | case | high | |
| 2 | Ἀκραιφνίου | Ἀκραιφνίον | PROPN | Neosg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἰόντι | obl | high | Place name. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 24 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Impersonal/directional dative participle. |
| 5 | εὐθεῖαν | εὐθύς | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἰόντι | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘straight/directly’. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | Case=Acc | 7 λίμνην | case | high | |
| 7 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἰόντι | obl | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Κηφισίδα | det | high | |
| 9 | Κηφισίδα | Κηφισίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λίμνην | appos | high | Name in apposition to λίμνην. |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 Κηφισίδα | punct | high | |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 Κηφισίδα | punct | high | |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 Κηφισίδα | punct | high | |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | RP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | nsubj | high | Substantival article/pronoun, ‘they’. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | cc | high | |
| 15 | Κωπαΐδα | Κωπαΐς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | |
| 16 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical naming clause. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 αὐτήν | det | high | |
| 18 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Correlates with the named lake; syntactically an accusative object-like complement. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | |
| 22 | πεδίον | πεδίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | καλούμενόν | καλέω | VERB | V-PPN-SN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 πεδίον | acl | high | Attributive/passive participle, ‘called’. |
| 24 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | Ἀθαμάντιον | Ἀθαμάντιον | PROPN | Neosn | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative nominative place name. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐστιν | punct | high |
οἰκῆσαι δὲ Ἀθάμαντα ἐν αὐτῷ φασιν.
Infinitival reported speech: φασιν governs οἰκῆσαι; Ἀθάμαντα is the accusative subject, and ἐν αὐτῷ is its locative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἰκῆσαι | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 φασιν | ccomp | high | Aorist active infinitive in reported speech. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 οἰκῆσαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀθάμαντα | Ἀθάμας | PROPN | N-A-SM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 οἰκῆσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 οἰκῆσαι | obl | high | Dative locative complement of οἰκῆσαι. |
| 6 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix reporting verb. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high |
ἐς δὲ τὴν λίμνην ὅ τε ποταμὸς ὁ Κηφισὸς ἐκδίδωσιν ἀρχόμενος ἐκ Λιλαίας τῆς Φωκέων καὶ διαπλεύσαντί εἰσι Κῶπαι.
The sentence coordinates ἐκδίδωσιν with εἰσι; διαπλεύσαντί is a dative circumstantial participle, with its understood human referent left implicit.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 4 λίμνην | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 εἰσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 λίμνην | det | high | |
| 4 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκδίδωσιν | obl | high | Goal/location with ἐς. |
| 5 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ποταμὸς | det | medium | Correlative/article-like element in the paired construction ὅ τε ... καὶ. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ποταμὸς | cc | high | |
| 7 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκδίδωσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Κηφισὸς | det | high | |
| 9 | Κηφισὸς | Κηφισός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ποταμὸς | appos | high | Apposition identifying the river. |
| 10 | ἐκδίδωσιν | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 εἰσι | conj | high | First coordinated predicate: the river flows/emerges into the lake. |
| 11 | ἀρχόμενος | ἄρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 10 ἐκδίδωσιν | advcl | high | Participial adjunct, subject controlled by ποταμός. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 13 Λιλαίας | case | high | |
| 13 | Λιλαίας | Λίλαια | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀρχόμενος | obl | high | Source with ἐκ. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Λιλαίας | det | high | |
| 15 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Λιλαίας | nmod | medium | Genitive ethnic designation, likely dependent on Λιλαίας. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 εἰσι | cc | high | |
| 17 | διαπλεύσαντί | διαπλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 εἰσι | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial participle, likely referring to a traveler: after sailing across. |
| 18 | εἰσι | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated predicate; existential/presentative construction. |
| 19 | Κῶπαι | Κῶπαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Place name functioning as the subject/presented entity. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 εἰσι | punct | high |
κεῖνται δὲ αἱ Κῶπαι πόλισμα ἐπὶ τῇ λίμνῃ, τούτου δὲ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐποιήσατο ἐν καταλόγῳ μνήμην·
Two coordinated clauses: κεῖνται takes Κῶπαι as subject and πόλισμα as a nominative predicative apposition; ἐποιήσατο takes Ὅμηρος as subject and μνήμην as object, with τούτου referring to Κῶπαι/πόλισμα. The form Κῶπαι is morphologically ambiguous in isolation (nominative plural or dative singular), but is nominative plural here.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖνται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PII-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Stative/deponent present, 3rd plural. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κεῖνται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T- NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 Κῶπαι | det | high | |
| 4 | Κῶπαι | Κῶπαι | PROPN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 κεῖνται | nsubj | high | Place-name; nominative plural. |
| 5 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Κῶπαι | appos | high | Predicative/appositional description of Κῶπαι. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 8 λίμνῃ | case | high | With dative, locative meaning. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λίμνῃ | det | high | |
| 8 | λίμνῃ | λίμνη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖνται | obl | high | Locative complement of κεῖνται. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 κεῖνται | punct | high | |
| 10 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποιήσατο | obl | medium | Partitive/relative-to referent genitive, likely referring to the preceding settlement/place. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐποιήσατο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ἐποιήσατο | advmod | high | Additive adverb, ‘also’. |
| 13 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποιήσατο | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject. |
| 14 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 κεῖνται | parataxis | high | Aorist middle, coordinated/paratactic second clause. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 16 καταλόγῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 16 | καταλόγῳ | κατάλογος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποιήσατο | obl | high | ‘In the catalogue’; likely Homeric catalogue. |
| 17 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐποιήσατο. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 κεῖνται | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα Δήμητρος καὶ Διονύσου καὶ Σαράπιδός ἐστιν ἱερά.
ἱερά is a substantivized neuter plural predicate nominative; the coordinated genitives specify the deities to whom the sanctuaries belong or are dedicated.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | PronType=Dem | 8 ἱερά | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερά | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερά. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Διονύσου | cc | high | |
| 4 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N--GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Δήμητρος | conj | high | Coordinated genitive name. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 Σαράπιδός | cc | high | |
| 6 | Σαράπιδός | Σάραπις | PROPN | N--GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Διονύσου | conj | high | Coordinated genitive name. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἱερά | cop | high | |
| 8 | ἱερά | ἱερός | NOUN | N--NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, 'sanctuaries'. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἱερά | punct | high |