Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.26.3

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Passage 9.26.3

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3sentences parsed

92Greek tokens

2,602input tokens

6,539output tokens

Sentence 1

9.26.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 805
Output: 1,781
Total: 2,586

λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὡς νόθη Λαΐου θυγάτηρ εἴη, καὶ ὡς τὸν χρησμὸν τὸν Κάδμῳ δοθέντα ἐκ Δελφῶν διδάξειεν αὐτὴν κατὰ εὔνοιαν ὁ Λάιος·

Two coordinated ὡς-clauses depend on λέγεται; the second has an aorist optative διδάξειεν with ὁ Λάιος as subject and an attributive passive participle modifying χρησμόν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	λέγεται	λέγω	VERB	V-3S-PAS-PRS-IND	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	cc	high	Coordinating/additive particle introducing the reported clauses.
4	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	8 εἴη	mark	high	Introduces the first reported content clause.
5	νόθη	νόθος	ADJ	A-FS-NOM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 θυγάτηρ	amod	high
6	Λαΐου	Λάιος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 θυγάτηρ	nmod	high	Genitive of parentage.
7	θυγάτηρ	θυγάτηρ	NOUN	N-FS-NOM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 εἴη	nsubj	high
8	εἴη	εἰμί	AUX	V-3S-AOP-OPT	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 λέγεται	ccomp	medium	Optative in reported speech; morphology is present optative of εἰμί.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 εἴη	punct	high
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 διδάξειεν	cc	high
11	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	19 διδάξειεν	mark	high	Introduces the second reported content clause.
12	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 χρησμὸν	det	high
13	χρησμὸν	χρησμός	NOUN	N-MSM-ACC	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 διδάξειεν	obj	high	Object of διδάξειεν.
14	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 δοθέντα	det	high
15	Κάδμῳ	Κάδμος	PROPN	N-MSM-DAT	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 δοθέντα	obl	high	Dative with δοθέντα, marking recipient.
16	δοθέντα	δίδωμι	VERB	V-ASM-APP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	13 χρησμὸν	acl	high	Participial modifier of χρησμόν.
17	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP-GEN	Case=Gen	18 Δελφῶν	case	high
18	Δελφῶν	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-PM-GEN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 δοθέντα	obl	high	Source with ἐκ.
19	διδάξειεν	διδάσκω	VERB	V-3S-AAO-OPT	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 λέγεται	ccomp	medium	Aorist optative in the second reported clause; subject is ὁ Λάιος.
20	αὐτὴν	αὐτός	PRON	P-3ASF-ACC	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	19 διδάξειεν	obj	high	Person taught.
21	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP-ACC	Case=Acc	22 εὔνοιαν	case	high
22	εὔνοιαν	εὔνοια	NOUN	N-FS-ACC	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 διδάξειεν	obl	high	Adverbial accusative phrase with κατά, ‘out of goodwill’.
23	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM-NOM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 Λάιος	det	high
24	Λάιος	Λάιος	PROPN	N-NSM-NOM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 διδάξειεν	nsubj	high
25	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high

Sentence 2

9.26.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 10
Input: 656
Output: 870
Total: 1,526

ἐπίστασθαι δὲ πλὴν τοὺς βασιλέας οὐδένα ἄλλον τὸ μάντευμα.

The syntax is compressed and somewhat ambiguous: τὸ μάντευμα is best treated as nominative subject of ἐπίστασθαι, while οὐδένα ἄλλον is its accusative object and τοὺς βασιλέας an exception phrase after πλήν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπίστασθαι	ἐπίσταμαι	VERB	V- inf pres mp	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	9 μάντευμα	csubj	high	Articular infinitive-like subject construction; middle form of ἐπίσταμαι.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐπίστασθαι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	πλὴν	πλήν	ADP	PREP	_	6 οὐδένα	case	medium	Exception preposition governing τοὺς βασιλέας; can also be analyzed adverbially.
4	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T- acc pl m	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 βασιλέας	det	high
5	βασιλέας	βασιλεύς	NOUN	N- acc pl m	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 οὐδένα	obl	medium	Accusative governed by πλὴν, marking the exception to οὐδένα ἄλλον.
6	οὐδένα	οὐδείς	PRON	A- acc sg m	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Polarity=Neg	9 μάντευμα	obj	high	Accusative object of μαντεύεσθαι/knowing construction, contrasted with the excepted kings.
7	ἄλλον	ἄλλος	ADJ	A- acc sg m	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 οὐδένα	amod	medium	Adjectival modifier of οὐδένα; syntactically belongs with the object phrase οὐδένα ἄλλον.
8	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T- nom sg n	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 μάντευμα	det	high
9	μάντευμα	μάντευμα	NOUN	N- nom sg n	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 ἐπίστασθαι	nsubj	medium	Subject of the infinitive; the sentence is an accusative-plus-infinitive-like construction with οὐδένα ἄλλον as object/complement.
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐπίστασθαι	punct	high

Sentence 3

9.26.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 57
Input: 1,141
Output: 3,888
Total: 5,029

ὁπότε οὖν τῇ Σφιγγὶ ἀμφισβητήσων τις ἀφίκοιτο τῆς ἀρχῆς---γενέσθαι γὰρ τῷ Λαΐῳ ἐκ παλλακῶν υἱοὺς καὶ τὰ χρησθέντα ἐκ Δελφῶν ἐς Ἐπικάστην μόνην καὶ τοὺς ἐξ ἐκείνης ἔχειν παῖδας---, τὴν οὖν Σφίγγα χρῆσθαι σοφίσμασιν ἐς τοὺς ἀδελφούς, ὡς τὸν Κάδμῳ γενόμενον χρησμὸν εἰδεῖεν ἂν Λαΐου γε ὄντες·

The passage is an infinitival continuation: χρῆσθαι governs accusative Σφίγγα and an instrumental dative, while ὡς introduces the content clause εἰδεῖεν ἄν; the dash-parenthesis explains the relevant lineage and oracle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὁπότε	ὁπότε	SCONJ	AdvRel	_	7 ἀφίκοιτο	mark	high
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	Part	_	7 ἀφίκοιτο	discourse	high
3	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art-Dat-Fem-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 Σφιγγὶ	det	high
4	Σφιγγὶ	Σφίγξ	PROPN	N-Dat-Fem-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἀφίκοιτο	obl	high
5	ἀμφισβητήσων	ἀμφισβητέω	VERB	V-FutActPtc-Nom-Masc-Sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Fut\|Voice=Act	7 ἀφίκοιτο	advcl	medium	Futurity/purpose participle with τις as understood subject.
6	τις	τις	PRON	P-Indef-Nom-Masc-Sg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	7 ἀφίκοιτο	nsubj	high
7	ἀφίκοιτο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-AorMid-Opt-3Sg	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	41 χρῆσθαι	advcl	high	Optative in the temporal/conditional subordinate clause.
8	τῆς	ὁ	DET	Art-Gen-Fem-Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἀρχῆς	det	high
9	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-Gen-Fem-Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἀμφισβητήσων	obl	medium	Genitive dependent on ἀμφισβητέω.
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 γενέσθαι	punct	high
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 γενέσθαι	punct	high
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 γενέσθαι	punct	high
13	γενέσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AorMid-Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	41 χρῆσθαι	ccomp	medium	Infinitive in explanatory parenthesis; understood subject is υἱούς.
14	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	Part	_	13 γενέσθαι	discourse	high
15	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art-Dat-Masc-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 Λαΐῳ	det	high
16	Λαΐῳ	Λάιος	PROPN	N-Dat-Masc-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 γενέσθαι	obl	high	Dative of possession/interest.
17	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	Prep-Gen	Case=Gen	18 παλλακῶν	case	high
18	παλλακῶν	παλλακή	NOUN	N-Gen-Fem-Pl	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 γενέσθαι	obl	high
19	υἱοὺς	υἱός	NOUN	N-Acc-Masc-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 γενέσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	22 χρησθέντα	cc	high
21	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Neut-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	22 χρησθέντα	det	high
22	χρησθέντα	χράω	VERB	V-AorPassPtc-Acc-Neut-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	13 γενέσθαι	conj	medium	Substantivized participle, coordinated with υἱούς as an accusative subject-like complement.
23	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	Prep-Gen	Case=Gen	24 Δελφῶν	case	high
24	Δελφῶν	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-Gen-Pl	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	22 χρησθέντα	obl	high
25	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	Prep-Acc	Case=Acc	26 Ἐπικάστην	case	high
26	Ἐπικάστην	Ἐπικάστη	PROPN	N-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 χρησθέντα	obl	high
27	μόνην	μόνος	ADJ	A-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 Ἐπικάστην	amod	high
28	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	32 ἔχειν	cc	high
29	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Masc-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	33 παῖδας	det	high
30	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	Prep-Gen	Case=Gen	31 ἐκείνης	case	high
31	ἐκείνης	ἐκεῖνος	PRON	D-Gen-Fem-Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	32 ἔχειν	obl	high
32	ἔχειν	ἔχω	VERB	V-PresAct-Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	22 χρησθέντα	conj	high	Second infinitive coordinated with γενέσθαι.
33	παῖδας	παῖς	NOUN	N-Acc-Masc-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 ἔχειν	obj	high
34	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high
35	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high
36	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high
38	τὴν	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 Σφίγγα	det	high
39	οὖν	οὖν	PART	Part	_	41 χρῆσθαι	discourse	high
40	Σφίγγα	Σφίγξ	PROPN	N-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 χρῆσθαι	obj	high	Accusative subject of χρῆσθαι.
41	χρῆσθαι	χράομαι	VERB	V-PresMid-Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	57 ·	root	high	Infinitive continued from the preceding historical narrative.
42	σοφίσμασιν	σόφισμα	NOUN	N-Dat-Neut-Pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	41 χρῆσθαι	obl	high	Instrumental dative.
43	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	Prep-Acc	Case=Acc	44 τοὺς	case	high
44	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Masc-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	45 ἀδελφούς	det	high
45	ἀδελφούς	ἀδελφός	NOUN	N-Acc-Masc-Pl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	41 χρῆσθαι	obl	high
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high
47	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	Conj	_	52 εἰδεῖεν	mark	medium	Introduces the content/result clause.
48	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Masc-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	51 χρησμὸν	det	high
49	Κάδμῳ	Κάδμος	PROPN	N-Dat-Masc-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	50 γενόμενον	obl	high	Dative with γενόμενον: the oracle that came to Cadmus.
50	γενόμενον	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AorMidPtc-Acc-Masc-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	51 χρησμὸν	amod	high
51	χρησμὸν	χρησμός	NOUN	N-Acc-Masc-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	52 εἰδεῖεν	obj	high
52	εἰδεῖεν	οἶδα	VERB	V-PerfAct-Opt-3Pl	Mood=Opt\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	41 χρῆσθαι	ccomp	high	Optative in the content clause under ὡς.
53	ἂν	ἄν	PART	Part	_	52 εἰδεῖεν	aux	high	Modal particle with the optative.
54	Λαΐου	Λάιος	PROPN	N-Gen-Masc-Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	56 ὄντες	obl	high	Genitive of parentage/relationship with ὄντες.
55	γε	γε	PART	Part	_	54 Λαΐου	discourse	high
56	ὄντες	εἰμί	VERB	V-PresActPtc-Nom-Masc-Pl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	52 εἰδεῖεν	advcl	medium	Refers to the brothers as understood subject of εἰδεῖεν.
57	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	41 χρῆσθαι	punct	high

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