Grammar parses for passage 9.26.8
Open translation for this passage
χαλκοῦν θώρακα ἐποιήσατο ἔχοντα ἐπὶ ἑκάστῃ τῶν φολίδων ἄγκιστρον ἐς τὸ ἄνω νεῦον·
The syntax is participial and somewhat compressed: ἔχοντα depends on θώρακα, while νεῦον is treated as a participle with ἄγκιστρον as its object and the prepositional phrase ἐς τὸ ἄνω modifying it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χαλκοῦν | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 θώρακα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying θώρακα. |
| 2 | θώρακα | θώραξ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιήσατο. |
| 3 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 4 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 2 θώρακα | advcl | high | Participial modifier agreeing with θώρακα. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 6 ἑκάστῃ | case | high | Governed by the dative phrase ἑκάστῃ τῶν φολίδων. |
| 6 | ἑκάστῃ | ἕκαστος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 φολίδων | amod | high | Modifies φολίδων. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 φολίδων | det | high | Article with φολίδων. |
| 8 | φολίδων | φολίς | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἑκάστῃ | obl | high | Object of ἐπὶ in the phrase 'on each of the scales'. |
| 9 | ἄγκιστρον | ἄγκιστρον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 νεῦον | obj | high | Object of the participle νεῦον (a hook/point). |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 13 νεῦον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ ἄνω νεῦον. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 νεῦον | det | high | Article with νεῦον. |
| 12 | ἄνω | ἄνω | ADV | D | _ | 13 νεῦον | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of νεῦον. |
| 13 | νεῦον | νεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἔχοντα | xcomp | medium | Likely participle with accusative ἄγκιστρον as object; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοῦτον τὸν θώρακα ἐνδὺς παρέδωκε τῷ δράκοντι ἑκουσίως αὑτόν, παραδοὺς δὲ ἀπολεῖσθαί τε καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπολεῖν ἔμελλε τὸ θηρίον.
The sentence contains two main clauses with participial circumstantial modifiers; the coordination between ἀπολεῖσθαί and αὐτὸς ἀπολεῖν is somewhat ambiguous, but ἔμελλε governs both infinitival ideas.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 θώρακα | det | high | Demonstrative determiner modifying θώρακα. |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 θώρακα | det | high | Article modifying θώρακα. |
| 3 | θώρακα | θώραξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρέδωκε | obj | high | Direct object of παρέδωκε. |
| 4 | ἐνδὺς | ἐνδύω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 παρέδωκε | advcl | medium | Aorist participle, likely attendant circumstance with παρέδωκε; nominative matching implicit subject. |
| 5 | παρέδωκε | παραδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 δράκοντι | det | high | Article modifying δράκοντι. |
| 7 | δράκοντι | δράκων | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρέδωκε | iobj | high | Indirect object of παρέδωκε. |
| 8 | ἑκουσίως | ἑκουσίως | ADV | _ | _ | 5 παρέδωκε | advmod | high | Adverb modifying παρέδωκε. |
| 9 | αὑτόν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 5 παρέδωκε | obj | medium | Reflexive pronoun; likely object of παρέδωκε or related to the participial construction. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 παρέδωκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | παραδοὺς | παραδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἔμελλε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἔμελλε. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 παραδοὺς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | ἀπολεῖσθαί | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἔμελλε. |
| 14 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἀπολεῖσθαί | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 αὐτὸς | cc | high | Connects αὐτός with the following infinitive phrase. |
| 16 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 ἀπολεῖν | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of ἀπολεῖν. |
| 17 | ἀπολεῖν | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 ἔμελλε | conj | high | Second infinitival complement coordinated with ἀπολεῖσθαί. |
| 18 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 θηρίον | det | high | Article modifying θηρίον. |
| 20 | θηρίον | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀπολεῖν | obj | medium | Object of ἀπολεῖν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔμελλε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀντὶ τούτου μὲν τῷ Διὶ γέγονεν ἐπίκλησις Σαώτης·
Copular/existential construction with predicate noun ἐπίκλησις and perfect γέγονεν; ἀντὶ τούτου forms a prepositional phrase modifying the clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 5 Διὶ | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-SGGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 ἀντὶ | obl | high | Object of ἀντί. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 ἐπίκλησις | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Διὶ | det | high | Article modifying Διί. |
| 5 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίκλησις | obl | high | Dative argument with ἐπίκλησις, likely indirect object/possessor. |
| 6 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3SRI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἐπίκλησις | cop | medium | Perfect form used as copular/existential-like predicate with ἐπίκλησις. |
| 7 | ἐπίκλησις | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate noun. |
| 8 | Σαώτης | Σαώτης | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίκλησις | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent naming the epithet/source; form is ambiguous in isolation. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπίκλησις | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τὸ Διονύσου καὶ αὖθις Τύχης, ἑτέρωθι δὲ Ὑγείας , τὴν δὲ Ἀθηνᾶν τὴν Ἐργάνην καὶ αὐτὴν καὶ Πλοῦτόν οἱ παρεστηκότα ἐποίησε .
Elliptical list of objects governed by ἐποίησε; article+noun groups and appositive epithets require some uncertainty, especially the placement of καὶ αὐτὴν and the participle phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 25 ἐποίησε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησε. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Διονύσου | det | high | Article modifying Διονύσου. |
| 5 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | n-s---gm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 7 αὖθις | cc | medium | Coordinating connector; scope somewhat uncertain. |
| 7 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | d-------- | _ | 3 ἄγαλμα | advmod | high | Adverb 'again/thereafter' modifying ἄγαλμα or the phrase. |
| 8 | Τύχης | Τύχη | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Comma. |
| 10 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 25 ἐποίησε | advmod | high | Adverb 'elsewhere' modifying the verb. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 10 ἑτέρωθι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 12 | Ὑγείας | Ὑγεία | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησε | obj | medium | Likely object of ἐποίησε by ellipsis with implied ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Ὑγείας | punct | high | Comma. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἀθηνᾶν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀθηνᾶν. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 16 Ἀθηνᾶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | Ἀθηνᾶν | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησε. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἐργάνην | det | high | Article modifying Ἐργάνην. |
| 18 | Ἐργάνην | Ἐργάνη | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ἀθηνᾶν | appos | medium | Appositive epithet of Ἀθηνᾶν. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 20 αὐτὴν | cc | high | Coordinates αὐτὴν. |
| 20 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ἀθηνᾶν | appos | low | Likely emphatic/appositive reinforcement of Ἀθηνᾶν. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 22 Πλοῦτόν | cc | high | Coordinates Πλοῦτόν. |
| 22 | Πλοῦτόν | Πλοῦτος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 παρεστηκότα | obj | high | Object of participle παρεστηκότα. |
| 23 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 παρεστηκότα | det | medium | Likely article with substantivized participle. |
| 24 | παρεστηκότα | παρίστημι | VERB | v-s---ppa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποίησε | xcomp | medium | Participial complement/predicate with Πλοῦτόν; exact construction uncertain. |
| 25 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | v-s---ia- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποίησε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |