Grammar parses for passage 9.27.4
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ἀσεβησάντων ἐς τὸν θεὸν ὁ μὲν ἀνθρώπῳ στρατιώτῃ διδοὺς ἀεὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σύνθημα μετὰ ὑπούλου χλευασίας ἐς τοσοῦτο προήγαγε θυμοῦ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὥστε σύνθημα διδόντα αὐτὸν διεργάζεται,
The participial phrase ὁ ... διδοὺς is the subject of προήγαγε, with τὸν ἄνθρωπον as object; ὥστε introduces a result clause with accusative subject αὐτόν and participle διδόντα, while διεργάζεται is the finite result verb. The opening genitive participle is substantival and dependent on the understood contextual referent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀσεβησάντων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 21 προήγαγε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀσεβησάντων | ἀσεβέω | VERB | V-APA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 προήγαγε | nmod | medium | Substantival genitive participle; syntactic attachment is context-dependent. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 6 θεὸν | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 6 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀσεβησάντων | obl | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διδοὺς | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D- | _ | 11 διδοὺς | discourse | high | |
| 9 | ἀνθρώπῳ | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διδοὺς | iobj | medium | Dative with διδοὺς, likely recipient/beneficiary. |
| 10 | στρατιώτῃ | στρατιώτης | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνθρώπῳ | appos | high | |
| 11 | διδοὺς | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PPA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 προήγαγε | nsubj | high | With ὁ, substantivized participial subject. |
| 12 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | D- | _ | 11 διδοὺς | advmod | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 σύνθημα | det | high | |
| 14 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 σύνθημα | amod | high | Attributive pronoun, ‘the same’. |
| 15 | σύνθημα | σύνθημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 διδοὺς | obj | high | |
| 16 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 18 χλευασίας | case | high | |
| 17 | ὑπούλου | ὕπουλος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 χλευασίας | amod | high | |
| 18 | χλευασίας | χλευασία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 διδοὺς | obl | high | |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 20 τοσοῦτο | case | high | |
| 20 | τοσοῦτο | τοσοῦτος | PRON | PD-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 προήγαγε | obl | high | Accusative of extent. |
| 21 | προήγαγε | προάγω | VERB | V-IAA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | θυμοῦ | θυμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 προήγαγε | obl | medium | Genitive of respect or relation with προάγω. |
| 23 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἄνθρωπον | det | high | |
| 24 | ἄνθρωπον | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 προήγαγε | obj | high | |
| 25 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | C- | _ | 29 διεργάζεται | mark | high | Introduces a result construction. |
| 26 | σύνθημα | σύνθημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 διδόντα | obj | high | |
| 27 | διδόντα | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PPA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 διεργάζεται | advcl | high | Accusative participle in result construction. |
| 28 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 διδόντα | obj | medium | Likely accusative subject of the result participle, though attachment to διδόντα is structurally compressed. |
| 29 | διεργάζεται | διεργάζομαι | VERB | V-PIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 21 προήγαγε | advcl | medium | Finite verb in the ὥστε result construction; exact semantic relation to προήγαγε is somewhat compressed. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 προήγαγε | punct | high |
Νέρωνι δὲ παρὲξ ἢ τὰ ἐς τὴν μητέρα ἐστὶ καὶ ἐς γυναῖκας γαμετὰς ἐναγῆ τε καὶ ἀνέραστα τολμήματα.
The sentence is an elliptical comparison/exclusion construction: Νέρωνι is dative of comparison/reference, παρὲξ ἤ introduces the exception, and ἐστὶ agrees with the neuter plural subject τολμήματα in the common impersonal/collective singular construction. The coordinated adjectives modify τολμήματα; τὰ ἐς τὴν μητέρα and ἐς γυναῖκας γαμετὰς are elliptical accusative objects/complements of the participial notion of offenses, with ἐναγῆ and ἀνέραστα predicative modifiers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Νέρωνι | Νέρων | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Dat|Number=Sing | 18 τολμήματα | obl | medium | Dative of comparison/reference; proper name, grammatical gender not overtly recoverable in this form. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 τολμήματα | cc | high | |
| 3 | παρὲξ | παρέξ | ADP | ADV/ADP | _ | 18 τολμήματα | case | medium | Adverbial/prepositional element meaning 'except/besides'; governs the following comparative-exclusion phrase. |
| 4 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 παρὲξ | cc | medium | Coordinating/comparative particle in the fixed expression παρὲξ ἢ. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 μητέρα | det | high | Substantivizing article for the first neuter plural object phrase. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 μητέρα | case | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μητέρα | det | high | |
| 8 | μητέρα | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 τολμήματα | obl | high | Accusative object of the understood notion of offenses/actions. |
| 9 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 τολμήματα | cop | medium | Copula with neuter plural subject τολμήματα; singular agreement is normal in this construction. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἐς | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 γυναῖκας | case | high | |
| 12 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 τολμήματα | obl | high | Second coordinated accusative object phrase. |
| 13 | γαμετὰς | γαμετός | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 γυναῖκας | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying γυναῖκας. |
| 14 | ἐναγῆ | ἐναγής | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 τολμήματα | amod | high | Neuter plural adjective modifying τολμήματα. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐναγῆ | cc | high | First member of the τε καί coordination. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀνέραστα | cc | high | Second member of the τε καί coordination. |
| 17 | ἀνέραστα | ἀνέραστος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐναγῆ | conj | high | Coordinated adjective modifying τολμήματα. |
| 18 | τολμήματα | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Predicate/nominal head of the elliptical sentence; accusative form reflects the construction's understood comparison or exclusion. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 τολμήματα | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν Ἔρωτα ἐν Θεσπιαῖς ἐποίησεν Ἀθηναῖος Μηνόδωρος, τὸ ἔργον τὸ Πραξιτέλους μιμούμενος.
The accusative object τὸν ... Ἔρωτα is modified by ἐφʼ ἡμῶν (‘of/in our time’) and governed by ἐποίησεν; Μηνόδωρος is the nominative agent/subject. The participle μιμούμενος agrees with Μηνόδωρος and takes τὸ ἔργον τὸ Πραξιτέλους as its object, with the second article introducing an attributive genitive description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἔρωτα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ἡμῶν | case | high | Elided form before vowel. |
| 4 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-------- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 Ἔρωτα | nmod | high | Genitive with ἐπί, modifying the temporal phrase. |
| 5 | Ἔρωτα | Ἔρως | PROPN | Nbsm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Personified deity/name; accusative direct object. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Θεσπιαῖς | case | high | |
| 7 | Θεσπιαῖς | Θεσπιαί | PROPN | Nbpf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Locative place expression. |
| 8 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V3SAAI | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Ἀθηναῖος | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Μηνόδωρος | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally with Μηνόδωρος. |
| 10 | Μηνόδωρος | Μηνόδωρος | PROPN | Nbsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 μιμούμενος | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἔργον | det | high | |
| 13 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 μιμούμενος | obj | high | Object of μιμούμενος. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Πραξιτέλους | det | high | Attributive article introducing the genitive name. |
| 15 | Πραξιτέλους | Πραξιτέλης | PROPN | Nbsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive of attribution/possession; τὸ ... Πραξιτέλους is an attributive phrase. |
| 16 | μιμούμενος | μιμέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἐποίησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial present participle agreeing with Μηνόδωρος. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |