Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.29.1

← 9.28.4 9.29.2 →

Passage 9.29.1

Open translation for this passage

5sentences parsed

105Greek tokens

3,653input tokens

7,245output tokens

Sentence 1

9.29.1 sentence 1

Tokens: 7
Input: 621
Output: 600
Total: 1,221

ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἔχοντά ἐστιν οὕτω,

The neuter plural ταῦτα is the subject of ἐστιν; ἔχοντα is a neuter plural present active participle used predicatively with an understood contextual complement, while οὕτω is an adverbial predicate/complement. The exact attachment of ἔχοντα is somewhat elliptical.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ταῦτα	οὗτος	PRON	RD-PNA	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	5 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Neuter plural demonstrative pronoun, subject of ἐστιν.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	เช	_	5 ἐστιν	discourse	high	Correlative particle; contrastive/topic-marking.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	D	_	5 ἐστιν	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
4	ἔχοντά	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAP-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	5 ἐστιν	xcomp	medium	Neuter plural present active participle, predicative/elliptical complement of εἰμί; accentuation reflects its token form.
5	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular root; singular number is compatible with a neuter plural subject.
6	οὕτω	οὕτως	ADV	D	_	5 ἐστιν	advmod	high	Adverb meaning ‘thus/in this way’, modifying the predication.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἐστιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

9.29.1 sentence 2

Tokens: 18
Input: 745
Output: 1,371
Total: 2,116

θῦσαι δὲ ἐν Ἑλικῶνι Μούσαις πρώτους καὶ ἐπονομάσαι τὸ ὄρος ἱερὸν εἶναι Μουσῶν Ἐφιάλτην καὶ Ὦτον λέγουσιν,

The sentence reports that Ephialtes and Otus were said to be the first to sacrifice to the Muses on Helicon and to name the mountain sacred to the Muses; θῦσαι has an elliptical/compressed accusative complement reflected in the uncertain attachment of πρώτους.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	θῦσαι	θύω	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	17 λέγουσιν	csubj	high	Infinitive coordinated with ἐπονομάσαι as reported content subject.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	17 λέγουσιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	4 Ἑλικῶνι	case	high	Preposition governing Ἑλικῶνι.
4	Ἑλικῶνι	Ἑλικών	PROPN	N-DMI	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 θῦσαι	obl	high	Locative dative governed by ἐν.
5	Μούσαις	Μοῦσα	PROPN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 θῦσαι	iobj	high	Dative recipient of θῦσαι.
6	πρώτους	πρῶτος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 θῦσαι	obj	medium	Accusative plural object, understood as the first sacrificers or first to sacrifice; agreement is syntactically compressed.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 ἐπονομάσαι	cc	high	Coordinates the two infinitives.
8	ἐπονομάσαι	ἐπονομάζω	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	17 λέγουσιν	csubj	high	Second infinitive in coordinated reported content.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ὄρος	det	high	Article modifying ὄρος.
10	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι.
11	ἱερὸν	ἱερός	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with εἶναι.
12	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 ἐπονομάσαι	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement of ἐπονομάσαι.
13	Μουσῶν	Μοῦσα	PROPN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 ἱερὸν	nmod	high	Possessive genitive: sacred to the Muses.
14	Ἐφιάλτην	Ἐφιάλτης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 λέγουσιν	obj	high	Accusative object of λέγουσιν in the naming/reporting construction.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 Ὦτον	cc	high	Coordinates the two named figures.
16	Ὦτον	Ὦτος	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 Ἐφιάλτην	conj	high	Second coordinated accusative name.
17	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main reporting verb.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 λέγουσιν	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 3

9.29.1 sentence 3

Tokens: 6
Input: 619
Output: 493
Total: 1,112

οἰκίσαι δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ Ἄσκρην·

The infinitive is treated as the root of this fragment; δὲ links it to preceding discourse, and Ἄσκρην is a coordinated accusative place-name object.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἰκίσαι	οἰκίζω	VERB	V- inf act aor	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist active infinitive, likely coordinated with the preceding omitted context.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 οἰκίσαι	cc	high	Postpositive coordinating connective.
3	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P- acc pl m	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	1 οἰκίσαι	obj	high	Accusative masculine plural object of οἰκίσαι.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 οἰκίσαι	cc	high	Coordinates the following place name with an omitted or understood co-object.
5	Ἄσκρην	Ἄσκρη	PROPN	N- acc sg f	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|NameType=Geo\|Number=Sing	1 οἰκίσαι	obj	high	Accusative place name, coordinated as an object of οἰκίσαι.
6	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 οἰκίσαι	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 4

9.29.1 sentence 4

Tokens: 11
Input: 665
Output: 847
Total: 1,512

καὶ δὴ καὶ Ἡγησίνους ἐπὶ τῷδε ἐν τῇ Ἀτθίδι ἐποίησεν,

The sentence has an elided or context-dependent predicate construction: Ἡγησίνους is accusative, likely the object of an understood or contextually supplied verb, while ἐποίησεν is an aorist active third-singular verb whose object is not overtly expressed here. ἐπὶ τῷδε is most naturally causal ('on account of this'), and ἐν τῇ Ἀτθίδι is locative. The exact attachment of Ἡγησίνους is therefore somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	10 ἐποίησεν	cc	high
2	δὴ	δή	PART	X	_	10 ἐποίησεν	discourse	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	10 ἐποίησεν	cc	high
4	Ἡγησίνους	Ἡγησίνοος	PROPN	Ne-Acc-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἐποίησεν	obj	low	Accusative proper name; object relation is uncertain because the local syntax appears to involve an elided or contextually supplied predicate.
5	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	6 τῷδε	case	high	With dative τῷδε, plausibly causal.
6	τῷδε	ὅδε	PRON	Pd-Dat-Sg-Mas	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	10 ἐποίησεν	obl	medium	Dative demonstrative governed by ἐπί.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	9 Ἀτθίδι	case	high
8	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Sg-Dat-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 Ἀτθίδι	det	high
9	Ἀτθίδι	Ἀτθίς	PROPN	Ne-Dat-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ἐποίησεν	obl	high	Locative phrase ἐν τῇ Ἀτθίδι.
10	ἐποίησεν	ποιέω	VERB	V-AIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 ἐποίησεν	punct	high

Sentence 5

9.29.1 sentence 5

Tokens: 63
Input: 1,003
Output: 3,934
Total: 4,937

Ἄσκρῃ δʼ αὖ παρέλεκτο Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων, ἣ δή οἱ τέκε παῖδα περιπλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν Οἴοκλον, ὃς πρῶτος μετʼ Ἀλωέος ἔκτισε παίδων Ἄσκρην, ἥ θʼ Ἑλικῶνος ἔχει πόδα πιδακόεντα. Hegesinus Atthis, unknown location.

The Greek passage is syntactically clear through token 31; tokens 32–63 are an English metadata string supplied as character tokens, so they are tagged as X and attached to the sentence root with low confidence. In the first clause, Ἄσκρῃ is a dative locative/topic, παρέλεκτο is the verbal root, and Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων its subject; ἣ resumes Ἄσκρη, while οἱ is dative with τέκε. περιπλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν is a genitive absolute.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἄσκρῃ	Ἄσκρη	PROPN	Ne-d--------	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 παρέλεκτο	obl	high	Dative locative/topic with παρέλεκτο.
2	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	4 παρέλεκτο	cc	high	Crasis/apostrophe form of δέ.
3	αὖ	αὖ	ADV	D--------	_	4 παρέλεκτο	advmod	high
4	παρέλεκτο	παραλέγομαι	VERB	V3SAMI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	medium	Epic form; interpreted as aorist middle indicative, ‘was associated/mated’.
5	Ποσειδάων	Ποσειδάων	PROPN	Ne-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 παρέλεκτο	nsubj	high	Epic nominative form of Poseidon.
6	ἐνοσίχθων	ἐνοσίχθων	PROPN	Ne-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 Ποσειδάων	appos	high	Cult epithet in apposition to Ποσειδάων.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 παρέλεκτο	punct	high
8	ἣ	ὅς	PRON	Pr-----fn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 τέκε	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun resuming Ἄσκρη.
9	δή	δή	PART	X--------	_	8 ἣ	advmod	high
10	οἱ	οἱ	PRON	Pp3-sd---	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	11 τέκε	iobj	high	Dative pronoun, ‘to him’; clitic form.
11	τέκε	τίκτω	VERB	V3SAAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	4 παρέλεκτο	conj	high
12	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	Nb-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 τέκε	obj	high	Predicate/expressed object ‘a child’; appositional relation to proper name Οἴοκλον.
13	περιπλομένων	περιπλέω	VERB	V-PMPGPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	14 ἐνιαυτῶν	acl	medium	Genitive absolute participle; gender follows masculine plural ἐνιαυτῶν in the transmitted form.
14	ἐνιαυτῶν	ἐνιαυτός	NOUN	Nb-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 τέκε	obl	high	Genitive absolute dependent on the participle.
15	Οἴοκλον	Οἴοκλος	PROPN	Ne-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 παῖδα	appos	high	Name appositional to παῖδα.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	11 τέκε	punct	high
17	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	Pr----mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἔκτισε	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun resuming Οἴοκλον.
18	πρῶτος	πρῶτος	ADJ	A-S---mn-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἔκτισε	advmod	high	Superlative adjective used adverbially, ‘first’.
19	μετʼ	μετά	ADP	R--------	_	20 Ἀλωέος	case	high	Elided μετά governing the genitive.
20	Ἀλωέος	Ἀλωεύς	PROPN	Ne-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἔκτισε	obl	high	Genitive complement of μετά.
21	ἔκτισε	κτίζω	VERB	V3SAAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 τέκε	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate.
22	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	Nb-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 Ἄσκρην	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on Ἄσκρην, ‘of the children’.
23	Ἄσκρην	Ἄσκρη	PROPN	Ne-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἔκτισε	obj	high
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἔκτισε	punct	high
25	ἥ	ὅς	PRON	Pr----fn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 ἔχει	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun resuming Ἄσκρην.
26	θʼ	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	25 ἥ	cc	high	Enclitic τε, coordinating this relative clause.
27	Ἑλικῶνος	Ἑλικώ	PROPN	Ne-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 πόδα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on πόδα.
28	ἔχει	ἔχω	VERB	V3SPAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	21 ἔκτισε	conj	high	Coordinated predicate in the final relative clause.
29	πόδα	πούς	NOUN	Nb-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 ἔχει	obj	high
30	πιδακόεντα	πιδακόεις	ADJ	A-S---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 πόδα	amod	high	Adjective agreeing with πόδα.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 παρέλεκτο	punct	high
32	H	H	X	_	_	0 ROOT	dep	low	English metadata character, not part of the Greek syntax.
33	e	e	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
34	g	g	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
35	e	e	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
36	s	s	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
37	i	i	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
38	n	n	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
39	u	u	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
40	s	s	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
41	A	A	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
42	t	t	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
43	t	t	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
44	h	h	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
45	i	i	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
46	s	s	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	32 H	punct	low	Punctuation in metadata string.
48	u	u	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
49	n	n	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
50	k	k	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
51	n	n	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
52	o	o	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
53	w	w	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
54	n	n	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
55	l	l	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
56	o	o	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
57	c	c	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
58	a	a	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
59	t	t	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
60	i	i	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
61	o	o	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
62	n	n	X	_	_	32 H	flat	low	English metadata character.
63	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	32 H	punct	low	Final punctuation of metadata string.

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