Grammar parses for passage 9.3.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐς τοῦτον οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ἀφικόμενοι τὸν δρυμὸν προτίθενται μοίρας κρεῶν ἑφθῶν.
The aorist participle ἀφικόμενοι is a circumstantial/coordinated participle with οἱ Πλαταιεῖς; προτίθενται takes μοίρας as its object, modified by κρεῶν and ἑφθῶν. The phrase ἐς τοῦτον δρυμόν indicates motion toward the grove.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 7 δρυμὸν | case | high | Attic/Ionic form of εἰς. |
| 2 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 δρυμὸν | det | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Πλαταιεῖς | det | high | |
| 4 | Πλαταιεῖς | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 προτίθενται | nsubj | high | Demonym used as a plural proper-name subject. |
| 5 | ἀφικόμενοι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2ADP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 προτίθενται | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist middle participle, agreeing with Πλαταιεῖς. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 δρυμὸν | det | high | |
| 7 | δρυμὸν | δρυμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 προτίθενται | obl | high | Accusative object of motion with ἐς. |
| 8 | προτίθενται | προτίθημι | VERB | V- establecer? | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle/deponent present indicative: ‘they set forth/place before’. |
| 9 | μοίρας | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 προτίθενται | obj | high | |
| 10 | κρεῶν | κρέας | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 μοίρας | nmod | high | Partitive/content genitive modifying μοίρας. |
| 11 | ἑφθῶν | ἕψω | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 κρεῶν | amod | medium | Perfect passive participial adjective, agreeing with κρεῶν; form is morphologically ambiguous in isolation. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 προτίθενται | punct | high |
ὄρνιθες δὲ οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι σφίσιν ἥκιστά εἰσι διʼ ὄχλου, τῶν κοράκων δὲ---οὗτοι γάρ σφισιν ἐπιφοιτῶσιν---ἔχουσιν ἀκριβῆ τὴν φρουράν.
Main clause: ὄρνιθες ... εἰσι διʼ ὄχλου, with οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι contrasted with τῶν κοράκων δέ; parenthetical οὗτοι γάρ ... ἐπιφοιτῶσιν interrupts the genitive phrase, and ἔχουσιν governs τὴν φρουράν with ἀκριβῆ as predicative/object-oriented adjective. The exact attachment of the second clause is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄρνιθες | ὄρνις | NOUN | N--VP-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 εἰσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---MN--P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄλλοι | det | high | Substantivizing article with ἄλλοι. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 5 ἄλλοι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν. |
| 5 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--MP-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ὄρνιθες | appos | high | Substantivized adjective, contrasting with the ravens. |
| 6 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P------D-P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 7 ἥκιστά | obl | high | Dative of regard/interest. |
| 7 | ἥκιστά | ἥκιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 εἰσι | advmod | high | Superlative adverb; accent reflects enclitic environment. |
| 8 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ὄχλου | case | high | Elided διά before vowel. |
| 10 | ὄχλου | ὄχλος | NOUN | N--SM-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσι | obl | high | Genitive complement of διά. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσι | punct | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---MG--P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 κοράκων | det | high | |
| 13 | κοράκων | κόραξ | NOUN | N--SM-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἔχουσιν | obl | medium | Genitive phrase likely supplies the contrasted subject/topic for ἔχουσιν; syntax is elliptical. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ἔχουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive contrastive connective. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 18 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | P---MN--P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | nsubj | high | Resumptive demonstrative, referring to the ravens. |
| 19 | γάρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory connective. |
| 20 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P------D-P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | iobj | high | Dative of the persons visited/affected. |
| 21 | ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | ἐπιφοιτάω | VERB | V-PIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἔχουσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπιφοιτῶσιν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 25 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἰσι | conj | medium | Coordinated/contrastive clause; subject is supplied elliptically by τῶν κοράκων. |
| 26 | ἀκριβῆ | ἀκριβής | ADJ | A--MP-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἔχουσιν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with accusative agreement. |
| 27 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---FA--S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 φρουράν | det | high | |
| 28 | φρουράν | φρουρά | NOUN | N--SF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσι | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν ἁρπάσαντα κρέας, ἐφʼ ὅτῳ τῶν δένδρων καθεδεῖται, φυλάσσουσιν.
The object is the substantivized participial phrase τὸν ... ἁρπάσαντα κρέας; ἐφʼ ὅτῳ ... καθεδεῖται is an idiomatic relative/locative-temporal clause, with the exact force of ὅτῳ uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἁρπάσαντα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 φυλάσσουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-G3PM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 4 ἁρπάσαντα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive: their. |
| 4 | ἁρπάσαντα | ἁρπάζω | VERB | VAAP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 κρέας | acl | medium | Aorist participle substantivized with τὸν; object of φυλάσσουσιν. |
| 5 | κρέας | κρέας | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἁρπάσαντα | obj | high | Object of ἁρπάσαντα. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 φυλάσσουσιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 ὅτῳ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 8 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | P-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 καθεδεῖται | obl | medium | Relative form in an idiomatic temporal/location phrase; text may reflect the relative ὅτῳ. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 δένδρων | det | high | |
| 10 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ὅτῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the tree-related phrase. |
| 11 | καθεδεῖται | καθέζομαι | VERB | V-FMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 8 ὅτῳ | acl:relcl | medium | Future middle; relative clause associated with ὅτῳ, with understood subject. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 φυλάσσουσιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | φυλάσσουσιν | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 φυλάσσουσιν | punct | high |
ἐφʼ οὗ δʼ ἂν καθεσθῇ, τεμόντες ποιοῦσιν ἀπὸ τούτου τὸ δαίδαλον·
Relative temporal clause with ἐπί governing genitive οὗ: ‘on/after whichever [tree] he sits’; τεμόντες is a plural masculine circumstantial participle with implicit subject, and ποιοῦσιν takes τὸ δαίδαλον as object, with ἀπὸ τούτου marking material/source. The antecedent of οὗ is elliptical or contextually supplied; καθεσθῇ is aorist subjunctive in an indefinite relative construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 καθεσθῇ | case | high | ἐπί elided before rough-breathing form; governs genitive οὗ. |
| 2 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | Rh-sg-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 5 καθεσθῇ | obl | medium | Relative genitive, likely neuter singular and governed by ἐπί; antecedent is contextually supplied. |
| 3 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ποιοῦσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | PartType=Mod | 5 καθεσθῇ | advmod | high | Modal particle marking the indefinite relative/subjunctive construction. |
| 5 | καθεσθῇ | καθίζω | VERB | V3saor-subj-act | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ποιοῦσιν | advcl | medium | Aorist active subjunctive, 3sg; in an indefinite relative temporal clause. Form may reflect καθέζομαι/καθίζω alternation. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 8 ποιοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | τεμόντες | τέμνω | VERB | V-aor-act-part-nommp | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ποιοῦσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural; implicit subject is supplied contextually. |
| 8 | ποιοῦσιν | ποιέω | VERB | V-3pl-pres-ind-act | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 9 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 10 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing genitive τούτου. |
| 10 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-gsn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 ποιοῦσιν | obl | high | Demonstrative genitive expressing source/material: ‘from this’. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-nam-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 δαίδαλον | det | medium | Article form is nominative/accusative neuter singular; accusative is required as object of ποιοῦσιν. |
| 12 | δαίδαλον | δαίδαλον | NOUN | N-ans | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ποιοῦσιν | obj | medium | Accusative neuter singular object; lexical parsing as a noun meaning an artificial/ornamental work is context-dependent. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 8 ποιοῦσιν | punct | high |
δαίδαλον γὰρ δὴ καὶ τὸ ξόανον αὐτὸ ὀνομάζουσι.
The neuter accusative phrase δαίδαλον ... τὸ ξόανον αὐτό is the object of ὀνομάζουσι; δαίδαλον is a predicate accusative naming what the image is called. γάρ and δή are discourse particles, and καί coordinates the naming predicate with the object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δαίδαλον | δαίδαλον | NOUN | ---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Predicate accusative with ὀνομάζω, naming the object. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | 粒 | _ | 8 ὀνομάζουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | 粒 | _ | 8 ὀνομάζουσι | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 δαίδαλον | cc | high | Coordinates the naming predicate δαίδαλον with the object phrase. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | ---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ξόανον | det | high | |
| 6 | ξόανον | ξόανον | NOUN | ---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Direct object of ὀνομάζουσι. |
| 7 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | ---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ξόανον | amod | high | Intensive pronoun modifying τὸ ξόανον: the image itself. |
| 8 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high |