Grammar parses for passage 9.3.8
Open translation for this passage
αἱ μὲν δὴ πόλεις καὶ τὰ τέλη θήλειαν θύσαντες τῇ Ἥρᾳ βοῦν ἕκαστοι καὶ ταῦρον τῷ Διὶ τὰ ἱερεῖα οἴνου καὶ θυμιαμάτων πλήρη καὶ τὰ δαίδαλα ὁμοῦ καθαγίζουσιν ἐπὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ,
The participle θύσαντες is coordinated in sense with the main plural subject; ἕκαστοι is substantival and its precise antecedent/agent alignment is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | d1 | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | p | _ | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | p | _ | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | n-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 7 τέλη | cc | high | |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | d1 | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 τέλη | det | high | |
| 7 | τέλη | τέλος | NOUN | n-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | conj | high | Coordinated with πόλεις. |
| 8 | θήλειαν | θῆλυς | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 βοῦν | amod | medium | Agrees with βοῦν; semantically ‘female’. |
| 9 | θύσαντες | θύω | VERB | v-papamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | d1 | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἥρᾳ | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θύσαντες | obl | high | Dative recipient of sacrifice. |
| 12 | βοῦν | βοῦς | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θύσαντες | obj | high | |
| 13 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 9 θύσαντες | nsubj | medium | Substantival, with implicit agents corresponding to the cities and officials. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 15 ταῦρον | cc | high | |
| 15 | ταῦρον | ταῦρος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | obj | high | Second coordinated sacrificial object. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | d1 | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Διὶ | det | high | |
| 17 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | obl | high | Dative recipient of sacrifice. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | d-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἱερεῖα | det | high | |
| 19 | ἱερεῖα | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | obj | high | Coordinated with βοῦν and ταῦρον as sacrificial objects. |
| 20 | οἴνου | οἶνος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 πλήρη | nmod | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 22 θυμιαμάτων | cc | high | |
| 22 | θυμιαμάτων | θυμίαμα | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 πλήρη | conj | high | Coordinated genitive dependent on πλήρη. |
| 23 | πλήρη | πλήρης | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἱερεῖα | amod | high | Agrees with ἱερεῖα; ‘full of’ takes the genitive. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 26 δαίδαλα | cc | high | |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | d-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 δαίδαλα | det | high | |
| 26 | δαίδαλα | δαίδαλον | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | obj | high | Coordinated object. |
| 27 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | d | _ | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 28 | καθαγίζουσιν | καθαγίζω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r | _ | 31 βωμοῦ | case | high | |
| 30 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | d-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 βωμοῦ | det | high | |
| 31 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | obl | high | ἐπί with genitive marks location. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 καθαγίζουσιν | punct | high |
ἰδιῶται δὲ ὁπόσα δὴ θύουσιν οἱ πλούσιοι· τοῖς δὲ οὐχ ὁμοίως δυναμένοις τὰ λεπτότερα τῶν προβάτων θύειν καθέστηκε, καθαγίζειν δὲ τὰ ἱερεῖα ὁμοίως πάντα.
The sentence has an impersonal καθέστηκε governing coordinated infinitives; τοῖς ... δυναμένοις is a substantivized dative participial group, while ὁπόσα ... θύουσιν forms the preceding object clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἰδιῶται | ἰδιώτης | NOUN | Nbmpv | Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 θύουσιν | vocative | medium | Vocative plural, addressing or characterizing private persons. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 θύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | DET | Adnpna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 θύουσιν | obj | medium | Free relative/quantifying object: ‘as many as’. |
| 4 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 3 ὁπόσα | discourse | high | |
| 5 | θύουσιν | θύω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | ccomp | medium | Finite verb in the first clause; understood subject is οἱ πλούσιοι. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Da-npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πλούσιοι | det | high | |
| 7 | πλούσιοι | πλούσιος | ADJ | A-npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 θύουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the rich’. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high | |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Ddmpd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 δυναμένοις | det | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | cc | high | |
| 11 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 13 δυναμένοις | advmod | high | Allomorph before vowel. |
| 12 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 δυναμένοις | advmod | high | |
| 13 | δυναμένοις | δύναμαι | VERB | Vpppdm--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 καθέστηκε | iobj | medium | Substantivized dative participle: ‘those unable in the same way’. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Da-apn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 λεπτότερα | det | high | |
| 15 | λεπτότερα | λεπτός | ADJ | A-sapn | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 θύειν | obj | medium | Substantivized comparative adjective, object of θύειν. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Dg-pgn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 προβάτων | det | high | |
| 17 | προβάτων | πρόβατον | NOUN | Npgpgn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 λεπτότερα | nmod | high | |
| 18 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | xcomp | high | |
| 19 | καθέστηκε | καθίστημι | VERB | V3srpa--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal/idiomatic ‘it is established’; governs the dative group and infinitive. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high | |
| 21 | καθαγίζειν | καθαγίζω | VERB | V--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive under καθέστηκε. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 καθαγίζειν | cc | high | |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Da-apn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἱερεῖα | det | high | |
| 24 | ἱερεῖα | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | Napan | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 καθαγίζειν | obj | high | |
| 25 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 21 καθαγίζειν | advmod | high | |
| 26 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-sapn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἱερεῖα | amod | high | Agrees with τὰ ἱερεῖα: ‘all [the sacrificial victims]’. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high |
σὺν δέ σφισι καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν βωμὸν ἐπιλαβὸν τὸ πῦρ ἐξανήλωσε·
The fire (τὸ πῦρ) is the subject of ἐξανήλωσε; ἐπιλαβόν is a coordinated/temporal participle agreeing with πῦρ, while σὺν σφισι and αὐτὸν τὸν βωμόν are accompanying/comitative and object-like constituents. The participle’s precise relation is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 3 σφισι | case | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | cc | high | |
| 3 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | PPersonal | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | obl | medium | Dative with σύν; pronoun form is an oblique third-person plural dative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 αὐτὸν | cc | high | |
| 5 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | PpersD | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 βωμὸν | det | medium | Intensive pronoun modifying βωμόν; tagged as pronominal determiner. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 βωμὸν | det | high | |
| 7 | βωμὸν | βωμός | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | obj | high | |
| 8 | ἐπιλαβὸν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | VPρασA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | advcl | low | Neuter nominative singular aorist active participle, agreeing with πῦρ; semantic relation may be coordinated/resultative rather than strictly adverbial. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 πῦρ | det | high | |
| 10 | πῦρ | πῦρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | ἐξανήλωσε | ἐξαναλίσκω | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐξανήλωσε | punct | high |
μεγίστην δὲ ταύτην φλόγα καὶ ἐκ μακροτάτου σύνοπτον οἶδα ἀρθεῖσαν.
The object φλόγα is modified by the coordinated adjective σύνοπτον and by the participle ἀρθεῖσαν; ἐκ μακροτάτου is most naturally read with σύνοπτον, with μακροτάτου substantivized.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μεγίστην | μέγας | ADJ | superlative accusative singular feminine | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 φλόγα | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 οἶδα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | demonstrative accusative singular feminine | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 φλόγα | det | high | |
| 4 | φλόγα | φλόξ | NOUN | third-declension accusative singular feminine | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 οἶδα | obj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 σύνοπτον | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 σύνοπτον | case | high | |
| 7 | μακροτάτου | μακρός | ADJ | superlative genitive singular neuter | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 σύνοπτον | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, likely ‘from the greatest distance’; exact ellipsis is implicit. |
| 8 | σύνοπτον | σύνοπτος | ADJ | accusative singular feminine | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 φλόγα | conj | medium | Predicative/object-oriented adjective coordinated with φλόγα; καί coordinates this description with the preceding object phrase. |
| 9 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | perfect active indicative first singular | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Morphologically perfect, conventionally present in meaning. |
| 10 | ἀρθεῖσαν | αἴρω | VERB | aorist passive participle accusative singular feminine | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 φλόγα | acl | high | Participial modifier of φλόγα; implied subject is the flame. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 οἶδα | punct | high |