Grammar parses for passage 9.30.8
Open translation for this passage
ῥεῖ δὲ καὶ ποταμὸς Ἑλικών·
Simple clause: ῥεῖ is the root; ποταμός is its nominative subject, with Ἑλικών as an appositional river name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ῥεῖ | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ῥεῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ῥεῖ | cc | high | |
| 4 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ῥεῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | Ἑλικών | Ἑλικών | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμὸς | appos | high | River name in apposition to ποταμός. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ῥεῖ | punct | high |
ἄχρι σταδίων ἑβδομήκοντα πέντε προελθόντι τὸ ῥεῦμα ἀφανίζεται τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου κατὰ τῆς γῆς·
The dative participle προελθόντι is temporal/circumstantial, agreeing with the understood subject of ἀφανίζεται (the stream); ἄχρι with the genitive numeral phrase marks extent, and τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου is a substantivized phrase referring to what comes from it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | ADV/PREP | _ | 2 σταδίων | case | medium | Preposition governing the following genitive extent phrase; adverbial classification is also possible. |
| 2 | σταδίων | στάδιον | NOUN | N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 προελθόντι | obl | high | Genitive of extent with ἄχρι. |
| 3 | ἑβδομήκοντα | ἑβδομήκοντα | NUM | ADJ-N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 2 σταδίων | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral agreeing with σταδίων. |
| 4 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | ADJ-N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 2 σταδίων | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral specifying the total seventy-five. |
| 5 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφανίζεται | advcl | medium | Temporal/circumstantial aorist participle; dative likely agrees with an understood referent, possibly the stream or an implicit agent. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ῥεῦμα | det | high | Article with ῥεῦμα. |
| 7 | ῥεῦμα | ῥεῦμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφανίζεται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφανίζεται. |
| 8 | ἀφανίζεται | ἀφανίζω | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle/passive form, here intransitive ‘disappears’. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπὸ | det | high | Article substantivizing the following prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive τούτου. |
| 11 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ῥεῦμα | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό; phrase τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου is appositional or predicative with the stream’s disappearance. |
| 12 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 γῆς | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive γῆς. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 γῆς | det | high | Article with γῆς. |
| 14 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφανίζεται | obl | high | Genitive complement of κατά, indicating movement or course beneath/through the earth. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀφανίζεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
διαλιπὸν δὲ μάλιστα δύο καὶ εἴκοσι στάδια ἄνεισι τὸ ὕδωρ αὖθις, καὶ ὄνομα Βαφύρας ἀντὶ Ἑλικῶνος λαβὼν κάτεισιν ἐς θάλασσαν ναυσίπορος.
The sentence has coordinated finite predicates (ἄνεισι ... καὶ κάτεισιν); the participial phrases give the interruption and the river's newly assumed name. Βαφύρας is morphologically nominative as transmitted, although the naming construction would semantically favor an attributive/genitive interpretation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαλιπὸν | διαλείπω | VERB | VAAP-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 ἄνεισι | advcl | high | Aorist participle introducing the interval before the river's reappearance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄνεισι | cc | high | |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 4 δύο | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying the quantity. |
| 4 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 7 στάδια | nummod | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 εἴκοσι | cc | high | |
| 6 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 4 δύο | conj | high | Coordinates with δύο in the numeral phrase. |
| 7 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | N----PA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 διαλιπὸν | obj | high | Accusative measure of extent with διαλιπών. |
| 8 | ἄνεισι | ἄνειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb: the water rises/comes up again. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-------- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 10 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἄνεισι | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἄνεισι | advmod | high | Again, modifying ἄνεισι. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἄνεισι | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 κάτεισιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predication. |
| 14 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 λαβὼν | obj | high | Accusative object of λαβών: taking the name. |
| 15 | Βαφύρας | Βαφύρας | PROPN | N----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ὄνομα | nmod | medium | Proper-name genitive-like dependent is expected semantically, but the transmitted form is nominative; morphology retained as form. |
| 16 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 17 Ἑλικῶνος | case | high | |
| 17 | Ἑλικῶνος | Ἑλικών | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 λαβὼν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀντί, within the naming phrase. |
| 18 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 19 κάτεισιν | advcl | high | Aorist participle sharing the understood masculine subject of κάτεισιν. |
| 19 | κάτεισιν | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἄνεισι | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate; the river descends to the sea. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 21 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 21 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κάτεισιν | obl | high | |
| 22 | ναυσίπορος | ναυσίπορος | ADJ | A----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 κάτεισιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective, ‘navigable’; agrees with the implicit river subject. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἄνεισι | punct | high |
τοῦτον οἱ Διασταὶ τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπιρρεῖν διὰ παντὸς τῇ γῇ τὰ ἐξ ἀρχῆς φασι·
The core is an accusative-and-infinitive construction: οἱ Διασταὶ φασι τοῦτον τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπιρρεῖν; διὰ παντὸς and τῇ γῇ are adverbial modifiers, while τὰ before ἐξ ἀρχῆς is elliptical/substantivized and syntactically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ἐπιρρεῖν | obj | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Διασταὶ | det | high | |
| 3 | Διασταὶ | Διασταί | PROPN | NP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 φασι | nsubj | medium | Ethnic name; lemma normalized to nominative plural. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ποταμὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | NB-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιρρεῖν | obj | high | Predicative/object-identifying accusative with τοῦτον. |
| 6 | ἐπιρρεῖν | ἐπιρρέω | VERB | V-PAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 φασι | ccomp | high | Accusative-and-infinitive complement of φασι. |
| 7 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 8 παντὸς | case | high | |
| 8 | παντὸς | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιρρεῖν | obl | medium | Adverbial genitive in the idiom διὰ παντός, ‘continually/throughout’. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 γῇ | det | high | |
| 10 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | NB-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιρρεῖν | obl | high | Dative of route/area: flow through the land. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DA-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἐξ | det | medium | Substantivized article, probably introducing an elliptical phrase after ἐξ. |
| 12 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 13 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 13 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | NB-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιρρεῖν | obl | medium | ἐξ ἀρχῆς is an adverbial phrase; τὰ is substantivized/elliptical and its exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 14 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 φασι | punct | high |
τὰς γυναῖκας δὲ αἳ τὸν Ὀρφέα ἀπέκτειναν ἐναπονίψασθαί οἱ θελῆσαι τὸ αἷμα, καταδῦναί τε ἐπὶ τούτῳ τὸν ποταμὸν ἐς τὴν γῆν, ἵνα δὴ μὴ τοῦ φόνου καθάρσια τὸ ὕδωρ παράσχηται.
The sentence is governed by θελῆσαι with coordinated infinitives ἐναπονίψασθαι and καταδῦναι; the final ἵνα-clause expresses purpose. καθάρσια is substantivized and its precise syntactic relation/case is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | Art-AccFemPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 γυναῖκας | det | high | |
| 2 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N-A-F-Acc-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 θελῆσαι | obj | high | Object of θελῆσαι. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 10 θελῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 4 | αἳ | ὅς | PRON | R-AP-F-NomPl | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπέκτειναν | nsubj | high | Relative subject. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-AccMascSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ὀρφέα | det | high | |
| 6 | Ὀρφέα | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | N-A-M-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέκτειναν | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἀπέκτειναν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 θελῆσαι | acl:relcl | high | |
| 8 | ἐναπονίψασθαί | ἐναπονίπτω | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 θελῆσαι | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated semantically with καταδῦναί; subject is οἱ. |
| 9 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DSM3 | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 8 ἐναπονίψασθαί | iobj | medium | Reflexive/ethical dative, likely referring to the river. |
| 10 | θελῆσαι | θέλω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive in reported speech/construction. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-AccNeutSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 αἷμα | det | high | |
| 12 | αἷμα | αἷμα | NOUN | N- N-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐναπονίψασθαί | obj | high | Object of ἐναπονίψασθαι. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θελῆσαι | punct | high | |
| 14 | καταδῦναί | καταδύω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 θελῆσαι | xcomp | high | Second infinitive coordinated with ἐναπονίψασθαι. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 καταδῦναί | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 17 τούτῳ | case | high | Takes dative τούτῳ. |
| 17 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | D-D-M-Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 καταδῦναί | obl | high | ἐπὶ τούτῳ = in consequence of this. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-AccMascSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ποταμὸν | det | high | |
| 19 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-A-M-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 καταδῦναί | obj | high | Subject of the infinitive καταδῦναι in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 22 γῆν | case | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-AccFemSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 γῆν | det | high | |
| 22 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-A-F-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 καταδῦναί | obl | high | Goal/destination of καταδῦναι. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θελῆσαι | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἵνα | ἵνα | SCONJ | Conj | _ | 32 παράσχηται | mark | high | Introduces a purpose clause. |
| 25 | δὴ | δή | PART | Part | _ | 32 παράσχηται | discourse | high | |
| 26 | μὴ | μή | PART | Part-Neg | Polarity=Neg | 32 παράσχηται | advmod | high | |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-GenMascSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 φόνου | det | high | |
| 28 | φόνου | φόνος | NOUN | N-G-M-GenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 καθάρσια | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on καθάρσια. |
| 29 | καθάρσια | καθάρσιον | ADJ | A-N-A-NomAccPl | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 ὕδωρ | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective, substantivized: purification/means of purification; exact case analysis is uncertain. |
| 30 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-AccNeutSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 31 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-N-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 παράσχηται | obj | high | Object of παράσχηται. |
| 32 | παράσχηται | παρέχω | VERB | V-AMS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 καταδῦναί | advcl | high | Purpose clause dependent on the infinitival proposition. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θελῆσαι | punct | high |