Grammar parses for passage 9.30.9
Open translation for this passage
ἤκουσα δὲ καὶ ἄλλον ἐν Λαρίσῃ λόγον, ὡς ἐν τῷ Ὀλύμπῳ. πόλις οἰκοῖτο Λίβηθρα, ᾗ ἐπὶ Μακεδονίας τέτραπται τὸ ὄρος, καὶ εἶναι οὐ πόρρω τῆς πόλεως τὸ τοῦ Ὀρφέως μνῆμα·
The sentence contains reported speech with an indirect statement; syntactic attachment of ὡς and the first reported clause is somewhat uncertain, but the overall structure is a main verb of hearing followed by coordinated reported content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-AAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἄλλον | cc | high | Links ἄλλον to the previous object phrase. |
| 4 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λόγον | amod | high | Attributive modifier of λόγον. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 6 Λαρίσῃ | case | high | Introduces a locative complement. |
| 6 | Λαρίσῃ | Λάρισα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λόγον | nmod | high | Place name in dative with ἐν. |
| 7 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἤκουσα | obj | high | Direct object of ἤκουσα. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λόγον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 21 τέτραπται | mark | medium | Introduces indirect statement/comparison; attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 12 Ὀλύμπῳ | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ὀλύμπῳ | det | high | Article modifying Ὀλύμπῳ. |
| 12 | Ὀλύμπῳ | Ὄλυμπος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 τέτραπται | obl | medium | Likely locative phrase dependent on τέτραπται. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 οἰκοῖτο | nsubj | high | Subject of οἰκοῖτο. |
| 15 | οἰκοῖτο | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PPM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 21 τέτραπται | advcl | medium | Optative in indirect discourse; subordinate to the reported content. |
| 16 | Λίβηθρα | Λίβηθρα | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 οἰκοῖτο | nsubj | medium | Likely appositional/parallel subject to πόλις; form is neuter plural. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 οἰκοῖτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | ᾗ | ὅς | PRON | R-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 21 τέτραπται | obl | medium | Relative pronoun, likely referring to πόλις/Λίβηθρα. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 20 Μακεδονίας | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 20 | Μακεδονίας | Μακεδονία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 τέτραπται | obl | high | Prepositional complement modifying τέτραπται. |
| 21 | τέτραπται | τρέπω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 15 οἰκοῖτο | conj | high | Second reported clause, coordinated in sense with the surrounding indirect statement. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 ὄρος | det | high | Article modifying ὄρος. |
| 23 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 τέτραπται | nsubj | high | Subject of τέτραπται. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 τέτραπται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 26 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinates an infinitival clause. |
| 26 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-? | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 τέτραπται | conj | high | Complementary infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 27 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 28 πόρρω | advmod | high | Negation modifying πόρρω. |
| 28 | πόρρω | πόρρω | ADV | _ | _ | 26 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Adverbial predicate complement in the infinitival clause. |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 πόλεως | det | high | Article modifying πόλεως. |
| 30 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 πόρρω | obl | high | Genitive complement with πόρρω. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 μνῆμα | det | high | Article modifying μνῆμα. |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 Ὀρφέως | det | high | Article modifying Ὀρφέως. |
| 33 | Ὀρφέως | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of μνῆμα. |
| 34 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶναι in the infinitival clause. |
| 35 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 τέτραπται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀφικέσθαι δὲ τοῖς Λιβηθρίοις παρὰ τοῦ Διονύσου μάντευμα ἐκ Θρᾴκης, ἐπειδὰν ἴδῃ τὰ ὀστᾶ τοῦ Ὀρφέως ἥλιος, τηνικαῦτα ὑπὸ συὸς ἀπολεῖσθαι Λιβηθρίοις τὴν πόλιν.
The sentence is structured as a reported prophecy: μάντευμα is the main nominal head, with two infinitival complements (ἀφικέσθαι and ἀπολεῖσθαι); the ἐπειδάν-clause modifies the latter.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--N--N | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 8 μάντευμα | csubj | high | Complementary infinitive introducing the reported content. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἀφικέσθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Λιβηθρίοις | det | high | |
| 4 | Λιβηθρίοις | Λιβήθριοι | PROPN | A-P---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of recipient/interest with ἀφικέσθαι. |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-- | _ | 8 μάντευμα | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Διονύσου | det | high | |
| 7 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | A--N-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 μάντευμα | nmod | high | Genitive governed by παρά. |
| 8 | μάντευμα | μάντευμα | NOUN | N--N-S--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate nominal in the reported infinitival construction. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-- | _ | 10 Θρᾴκης | case | high | |
| 10 | Θρᾴκης | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | A--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μάντευμα | nmod | high | Source/origin phrase. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μάντευμα | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐπειδὰν | ἐπειδάν | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction. |
| 13 | ἴδῃ | ὁράω | VERB | V--AAS3S- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | advcl | medium | Future-subjunctive temporal clause; form is ambiguous in isolation. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 15 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | N--A-P--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἴδῃ | obj | high | |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ὀρφέως | det | high | |
| 17 | Ὀρφέως | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | A--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ὀστᾶ | nmod | high | |
| 18 | ἥλιος | ἥλιος | NOUN | N--N-S--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἴδῃ | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἴδῃ, though word order is marked. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἴδῃ | punct | high | |
| 20 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 21 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-- | _ | 22 συὸς | case | high | |
| 22 | συὸς | ὗς | NOUN | N--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | obl | high | Agent in passive infinitive construction. |
| 23 | ἀπολεῖσθαι | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V--PNM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 8 μάντευμα | ccomp | high | Complement of μάντευμα: the prophecy content. |
| 24 | Λιβηθρίοις | Λιβήθριοι | PROPN | A-P---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of reference/interest with the passive infinitive. |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 26 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N--A-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀπολεῖσθαι | obj | high | |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μάντευμα | punct | high |
οἱ μὲν διʼ οὐ πολλῆς φροντίδος ἐποιοῦντο τὸν χρησμόν, οὐδὲ ἄλλο τι θηρίον οὕτω μέγα καὶ ἄλκιμον ἔσεσθαι νομίζοντες ὡς ἑλεῖν σφισι τὴν πόλιν, συὶ δὲ θρασύτητος μετεῖναι μᾶλλον ἢ ἰσχύος.
The sentence has two coordinated/clausal parts, but the second half is elliptical and somewhat uncertain in attachment, especially θρασύτητος μετεῖναι μᾶλλον ἢ ἰσχύος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἐποιοῦντο | nsubj | high | Article functioning substantively with implied men-clause subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | διʼ | διά | ADP | _ | Case=Gen | 6 φροντίδος | case | high | Elided preposition governing genitive. |
| 4 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 5 πολλῆς | advmod | high | Negation modifying φροντίδος via prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | πολλῆς | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 φροντίδος | amod | high | Attributive modifier of φροντίδος. |
| 6 | φροντίδος | φροντίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | high | Part of adverbial prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 χρησμόν | det | high | Article with χρησμόν. |
| 9 | χρησμόν | χρησμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐποιοῦντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 νομίζοντες | cc | medium | Connective coordinating the participial clause; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 θηρίον | amod | high | Modifier of θηρίον. |
| 13 | τι | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 θηρίον | det | medium | Indefinite pronoun used attributively; could also be parsed as modifying ἄλλο. |
| 14 | θηρίον | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 νομίζοντες | obj | high | Object of νομίζοντες. |
| 15 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | _ | _ | 16 μέγα | advmod | high | Degree adverb modifying μέγα. |
| 16 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 θηρίον | amod | high | Predicative/attributive adjective of θηρίον. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἄλκιμον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 18 | ἄλκιμον | ἄλκιμος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 μέγα | conj | medium | Coordinated adjective with μέγα. |
| 19 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 20 νομίζοντες | xcomp | high | Future infinitive complement after νομίζοντες. |
| 20 | νομίζοντες | νομίζω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐποιοῦντο | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the main verb. |
| 21 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἑλεῖν | mark | high | Marks purpose/result infinitival clause. |
| 22 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 ἔσεσθαι | xcomp | medium | Infinitival clause dependent on ἔσεσθαι; sense likely result/purpose. |
| 23 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 ἑλεῖν | iobj | high | Dative pronoun with ἑλεῖν. |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 πόλιν | det | high | Article with πόλιν. |
| 25 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἑλεῖν. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 νομίζοντες | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 27 | συὶ | σῦς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 μετεῖναι | nsubj | low | Form is unusual; probably intended as dative plural 'to pigs/swine' or textual variant. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 27 συὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 29 | θρασύτητος | θρασύτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 μετεῖναι | nsubj | low | Likely genitive with implied copula/infinitive structure; syntax is elliptical. |
| 30 | μετεῖναι | μέτειμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second clause likely elliptical/categorical statement with infinitive as predication. |
| 31 | μᾶλλον | μᾶλλον | ADV | _ | _ | 30 μετεῖναι | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying μετεῖναι. |
| 32 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 33 ἰσχύος | cc | high | Comparative conjunction. |
| 33 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 μετεῖναι | obl | medium | Genitive in comparative phrase after ἤ; exact government somewhat uncertain. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 μετεῖναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |